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HomeMy WebLinkAboutLily Pond WTP 20-Yr CIP Report final 2021 Town of Cohasset Lily Pond Water Treatment Plant 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan PRESENTED TO PREPARED BY Cohasset Water Department 339 King Street Cohasset, MA 02025 P +1-781-383-0057 Tetra Tech 10 Post Office Square Suite 1100 Boston, MA 02109 P +1-617-443-7500 www.tetratech.com Tt # 200-121837-20003 August 11, 2021 Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan ii 200-121837-20003 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................................1 1.1 Background ....................................................................................................................................................1 1.2 Purpose ..........................................................................................................................................................1 1.3 Scope .............................................................................................................................................................2 2.0 WATER QUALITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATORY COMPLIANCE REVIEW ...................................3 2.1 Raw and Finished Water Quality Review .......................................................................................................3 2.2 Distribution System Disinfection byproducts Review .....................................................................................7 2.3 Environmental Regulatory Compliance Review .......................................................................................... 14 2.3.1 United States Environmental Protection Agency .............................................................................. 14 2.3.2 Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection ................................................................. 20 2.4 Future Regulatory Considerations .............................................................................................................. 26 2.4.1 Contaminant Candidate List .............................................................................................................. 26 2.4.2 Six-Year Review ................................................................................................................................ 26 2.4.3 Revised Aluminum Criteria in NPDES Permits ................................................................................. 27 2.5 Current and Future Compliance Review ..................................................................................................... 29 2.5.1 Current Water Quality and Compliance ............................................................................................. 29 2.5.2 Future Water Quality Considerations ................................................................................................ 32 CAPACITY ANALYSIS ..................................................................................................................................... 34 3.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................................... 34 3.2 Existing Conditions ...................................................................................................................................... 34 3.3 Historical Water Demands .......................................................................................................................... 45 3.4 Future Water Projections ............................................................................................................................ 46 3.5 Capacity and process review ...................................................................................................................... 48 PROJECT PRIORITIZATION METHODOLOGY .............................................................................................. 61 4.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................................... 61 4.2 Condition Scale and Factors ....................................................................................................................... 62 4.3 Criticality Scale and Factors ....................................................................................................................... 64 CONDITION ASSESSMENTS .......................................................................................................................... 66 5.1 Assets.......................................................................................................................................................... 66 5.2 Process Mechanical .................................................................................................................................... 66 5.2.1 Intake Structure ................................................................................................................................. 67 5.2.2 Raw Water Pumps ............................................................................................................................. 68 Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan iii 200-121837-20003 5.2.3 Rapid Mixers ...................................................................................................................................... 68 5.2.4 Flocculators ....................................................................................................................................... 69 5.2.5 Sedimentation Basin Equipment ....................................................................................................... 70 5.2.6 Filters ................................................................................................................................................. 71 5.2.7 Wastewater Pumps ........................................................................................................................... 72 5.2.8 Finished Water Pumps ...................................................................................................................... 72 5.2.9 Sludge Lagoon .................................................................................................................................. 73 5.2.10 Plant Piping ..................................................................................................................................... 74 5.2.11 Chemical Feed Systems .................................................................................................................. 74 5.2.12 Prioritization and Service Life .......................................................................................................... 76 5.3 Electrical ...................................................................................................................................................... 77 5.3.1 Main Switchgear and Motor Control Center ...................................................................................... 77 5.3.2 Distribution Panels ............................................................................................................................. 78 5.3.3 Electrical and Instrumentation Cable Routing, Raceways ................................................................ 78 5.3.4 Transformers ..................................................................................................................................... 78 5.3.5 Grounding, Receptacles at Code Required Locations ...................................................................... 78 5.3.6 Lighting, Emergency Lighting ............................................................................................................ 78 5.3.7 Pump Motors, Variable Frequency Drives, Starters, Disconnects .................................................... 79 5.3.8 Pump Run Relays, Solenoid Valve Relays ....................................................................................... 79 5.3.9 Unit Heaters, HVAC Fan Motors, Aerator Fan .................................................................................. 79 5.3.10 Generator, Automatic Transfer Switch for Generator ...................................................................... 79 5.3.11 Overhead Motorized Door Operators at Storage Areas in Outbuilding ........................................... 79 5.3.12 Fire Alarm, CCTV, Security System ................................................................................................ 80 5.4 SCADA/Instrumentation .............................................................................................................................. 80 5.4.1 Factors Affecting Automation ............................................................................................................ 80 5.4.2 SCADA Network Devices .................................................................................................................. 80 5.4.3 Instrumentation .................................................................................................................................. 81 5.5 Structural ..................................................................................................................................................... 81 5.5.1 Water Treatment Plant Building Interior ............................................................................................ 81 5.5.2 Water Treatment Plant Building Exterior ........................................................................................... 82 5.5.3 Water-tight Retaining Wall ................................................................................................................. 83 5.5.4 Intake Structure ................................................................................................................................. 83 5.5.5 Raw Water Well ................................................................................................................................. 84 5.5.6 Rapid Mix Basins ............................................................................................................................... 84 Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan iv 200-121837-20003 5.5.7 Flocculation Tanks ............................................................................................................................. 85 5.5.8 Sedimentation Basins ........................................................................................................................ 86 5.5.9 Filters ................................................................................................................................................. 87 5.5.10 Clearwell .......................................................................................................................................... 87 5.5.11 Wastewater Sump ........................................................................................................................... 88 5.5.12 Vehicle Storage and Generator Building Interior ............................................................................. 88 5.5.13 Vehicle Storage and Generator Building Exterior ........................................................................... 89 5.5.14 Lagoon Structures ........................................................................................................................... 90 5.6 Architectural/Workplace Safety ................................................................................................................... 91 5.6.1 WTP Building Exterior ....................................................................................................................... 91 5.6.2 Life Safety .......................................................................................................................................... 92 5.6.3 Vehicle Storage and Generator Room .............................................................................................. 93 5.6.4 Raw Water Intake Building ................................................................................................................ 93 5.7 HVAC .......................................................................................................................................................... 94 5.7.1 WTP Building ..................................................................................................................................... 94 5.7.2 Plumbing ............................................................................................................................................ 94 5.7.3 Intake Structure ................................................................................................................................. 95 5.7.4 Vehicle Storage and Generator Room .............................................................................................. 95 5.8 Site Civil/Security ........................................................................................................................................ 96 5.8.1 Site Paving......................................................................................................................................... 96 5.8.2 Site Security....................................................................................................................................... 96 5.8.3 Site Grading ....................................................................................................................................... 97 CAPITAL IMPROVEMENTS PLAN .................................................................................................................. 98 6.1 Description of Projects and Costs ............................................................................................................... 98 6.2 Additional Projects .................................................................................................................................... 106 6.3 Capital Improvement Plan ......................................................................................................................... 107 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .............................................................................................. 108 Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan v 200-121837-20003 LIST OF TABLES Table 2-1. Lily Pond WTP Raw and Finished Water Quality .....................................................................................4 Table 2-2. Surface Water Treatment Rules ............................................................................................................ 18 Table 2-3. America’s Water Infrastructure Act (AWIA) of 2018 Compliance Summary .......................................... 20 Table 2-4. PFAS6 Sampling Requirements Summary ............................................................................................ 23 Table 2-5. Monitoring Requirements ....................................................................................................................... 25 Table 2-6. USGS-MassDEP Aluminum Study (2018-2019) Preliminary Results ................................................... 28 Table 2-7. Cohasset Lily Pond WTP Historical Aluminum Data (January 2016 – January 2021) .......................... 28 Table 2-8. 2019 Microbial Compliance Sampling Results ...................................................................................... 29 Table 2-9. 2019 Inorganic Compliance Sampling Results ...................................................................................... 30 Table 2-10. 2019 Disinfectant/Disinfectant Byproducts Compliance Sampling Results ......................................... 30 Table 2-11. 2019 Radioactive Contaminants Compliance Sampling Results ........................................................ 30 Table 2-12. 2019 Lead and Copper Compliance Sampling Results ....................................................................... 31 Table 2-13. 2019 Filter Performance Compliance Sampling Results ..................................................................... 31 Table 2-14. 2019 Secondary and ORSG Contaminant Sampling Results ............................................................. 31 Table 2-15. PFAS6 Results ..................................................................................................................................... 33 Table 3-1. Permitted Maximum Authorized Daily Withdrawal Rates ...................................................................... 35 Table 3-2. Permitted Existing Authorized Rate ....................................................................................................... 35 Table 3-3. Current Demands and Installed Facility Capacities ............................................................................... 36 Table 3-4. Surface Water Supply ............................................................................................................................ 36 Table 3-5. Treatment Facilities ................................................................................................................................ 37 Table 3-6. Additional Chemical Feed Systems ....................................................................................................... 41 Table 3-7. Cohasset Water System Historical Demand Summary ......................................................................... 45 Table 3-8. Assumed Peaking Factors for Water System Planning ......................................................................... 46 Table 3-9. DCR Water Needs Forecast for Cohasset ............................................................................................. 47 Table 3-10. Capacity and Process Evaluation Results – Supply, Treatment & Sludge Management ................... 52 Table 3-11. Capacity and Process Evaluation Results – Chemical Feed Systems ................................................ 54 Table 4-1. Condition Scale ...................................................................................................................................... 62 Table 4-2. Average Service Life of Assets .............................................................................................................. 63 Table 4-3. Criticality Scale ...................................................................................................................................... 64 Table 4-4. BRE Prioritization Criteria ...................................................................................................................... 65 Table 5-1. Intake Structure Assets .......................................................................................................................... 67 Table 5-2. Raw Water Pumps ................................................................................................................................. 68 Table 5-3. Rapid Mixers .......................................................................................................................................... 68 Table 5-4. Flocculators ............................................................................................................................................ 69 Table 5-5. Sedimentation Basin Equipment ............................................................................................................ 70 Table 5-6. Filters ..................................................................................................................................................... 71 Table 5-7. Wastewater Pumps ................................................................................................................................ 72 Table 5-8. Finished Water Pumps ........................................................................................................................... 72 Table 5-9. Sludge Lagoon ....................................................................................................................................... 73 Table 5-10. Plant Piping .......................................................................................................................................... 74 Table 5-11. Finished Water Pumps ......................................................................................................................... 75 Table 5-12. Assets with Highest Ranking BRE Scores ........................................................................................... 77 Table 6-1. Process Mechanical Recommended Improvements, Timelines, and EOPC ........................................ 99 Table 6-2. Recommended Electrical and SCADA/Instrumentation Improvements, Timelines, and EOPC .......... 101 Table 6-3. Recommended Structural Improvements,Timelines, and EOPC ........................................................ 102 Table 6-4. Recommended Architectural/Workplace Safety Improvements, Timelines, and EOPC ..................... 104 Table 6-5. Recommended HVAC Improvements, Timelines, and EOPC ............................................................. 105 Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan vi 200-121837-20003 Table 6-6. Recommended Site Civil/Security Improvements, Timelines, and EOPC ........................................... 106 Table 6-7. Summary of CIP Projects ..................................................................................................................... 107 Table 7-1. Summary of CIP Projects ..................................................................................................................... 108 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2-1. Lily Pond WTP Raw and Finished Water TOC .......................................................................................5 Figure 2-2. Lily Pond WTP Raw and Finished Water Turbidity .................................................................................6 Figure 2-3. Lily Pond WTP Raw and Finished Water Manganese ............................................................................6 Figure 2-4. Lily Pond WTP Raw and Finished Water Iron .........................................................................................7 Figure 2-5. Cohasset Water Distribution System TTHMs ..........................................................................................9 Figure 2-6. Cohasset Water Distribution System HAA5 ............................................................................................9 Figure 2-7. Deer High School Location TTHMs ...................................................................................................... 10 Figure 2-8. Deer High School Location HAA5s ....................................................................................................... 10 Figure 2-9. Police Station Location TTHMs ............................................................................................................ 11 Figure 2-10. Police Station Location HAA5s ........................................................................................................... 11 Figure 2-11. 2 Whitehead Location TTHMs ............................................................................................................ 12 Figure 2-12. 2 Whitehead Location HAA5s ............................................................................................................. 12 Figure 2-13. 4 Beechwood Location TTHMs .......................................................................................................... 13 Figure 2-14. 4 Beechwood Location HAA5s ........................................................................................................... 13 Figure 3-15. EPA Aluminum Criteria Calculator Schematic ................................................................................... 27 Figure 3-1. Cohasset Water System Historical Flows ............................................................................................ 46 Figure 3-2. Historical and Forecasted Water Needs .............................................................................................. 48 Figure 3-3. Lily Pond WTP Raw Water Supply Pumping Capacity vs Demand ..................................................... 57 Figure 3-4. Manganese Pretreatment Contact Capacity vs Demand ..................................................................... 57 Figure 3-5. Flocculation Capacity vs Demand ........................................................................................................ 58 Figure 3-6. Sedimentation Capacity vs Demand .................................................................................................... 58 Figure 3-7. Filtration Capacity vs Demand ............................................................................................................. 59 Figure 3-8. Disinfection Clearwell Capacity vs Demand ......................................................................................... 59 Figure 3-9. Finished Water/High Service Pumping Capacity vs Demand .............................................................. 60 Figure 4-1. Business Risk Evaluation .................................................................................................................... 61 APPENDICES APPENDIX A – MASSDEP DRINKING WATER STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES APPENDIX B – PRIORITIZATION WORKSHOP APPENDIX C – CONDITION ASSESSMENT FORMS Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan vii 200-121837-20003 ACRONYMS/ABBREVIATIONS Acronyms/Abbreviations Definition ADA Americans with Disabilities Act ADD Average Daily Demand ALs Action Levels ATS Automatic Transfer Switch AWIA America’s Water Infrastructure Act of 2018 BRE Business Risk Evaluation CCT Corrosion Control Treatment CCTV Closed Circuit Television CMU Control Monitoring Unit DOC Dissolved Organic Carbon DBP Disinfection Byproducts EBCTs Empty Bed Contact Times EPA Environmental Protection Agency ERP Emergency Response Plan GAC Granular Activated Carbon HAAs Haloacetic Acids HVAC Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning LCR Lead and Copper Rule LRAA Locational Running Annual Average MassDEP Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection MCC Motor Control Center MCLG Maximum Contaminant Level Goals MDD Maximum Day Demand MMD Minimum Month Demand NPDWRs National Primary Drinking Water Regulations OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration PFAS Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances PLC Programmable Logic Controller PWS Public Water System RAA Running Annual Average RSSCT Rapid Small Scale Column Test SCADA Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition SDWA Safe Drinking Water Act Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan viii 200-121837-20003 Acronyms/Abbreviations Definition TCE Trichloroethylene TDS Total Dissolved Solids TOC Total Organic Carbon TTHMs Total Trihalomethanes UAW Unaccounted-for-water USGS United States Geological Survey WTP Water Treatment Plant Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 1 200-121837-20003 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND The Town of Cohasset Water System (PWS ID#: 4065000) is a community system that serves a population of approximately 7,200 people through 2,637 service connections throughout their water distribution system. The Town’s distribution system is served by two water treatment facilities—the Lily Pond WTP and the Ellms Meadow Pump Station. Surface water from the Lily Pond and Aaron River Reservoir supplies raw water to the Lily Pond WTP. The Lily Pond WTP, which was placed into operation in 1978, has a peak permitted capacity of 3.0 MGD and an average daily capacity of 1.2 MGD. and operates on average eight to twelve hours per day, seven days per week. The facility employs a conventional surface water treatment scheme, consisting of coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, disinfection, and stabilization. Raw surface water is withdrawn from Lily Pond and pre- filtered through course and fine screens at the raw water intake building. An option for dosing gaseous chlorine for pre-oxidation is also available. Following pre-screening, the raw water is conveyed by gravity to the raw water wetwell where sodium hydroxide, and sodium permanganate are added. As the raw water is pumped to the rapid mix tank ferric chlorideis added and mixed with the raw water. Polyaluminum chloride si added as the water neters the rapid mix tank. Ferric chloride and polyaluminum chloride are coagulant agents that serve to destabilize the fine particulate, colloidal, and dissolved inorganic and organic matter naturally present in the Lily Pond supply and form small solid particles. The sodium hydroxide addition helps to maintain the pH and alkalinity at optimum levels during the coagulation process as the addition of ferric chloride tends to depress the pH and alkalinity of the water. Sodium permanganate is added in the process for iron and manganese removal. The rapid mixing process is followed by gentle mixing, along with the addition of a slight dosage of polyacrylamide polymer to promote the aggregation of the destabilized particles into larger particles or “flocs” and make these flocs heavy enough to settle from the water in the sedimentation process. After settling, the coagulated-flocculated-settled water is filtered through layers of fine coal and silicate sand to filter any fine flocs or particles and reduce turbidity. Following filtration, sodium hydroxide, is added for pH control. Blended ortho/poly phosphate and chlorine is added as the water enters the clearwell that provides contact time for disninfection . Sodium fluoride is added to promote dental health. The finished water is stored in an 0.13 MG underground concrete clear well. The finished water is pumped into the distribution system by the high service pump station, which consists of two pumps with a firm, maximum capacity of 2,100 gpm. 1.2 PURPOSE The purpose of this project is to conduct a condition assessment and develop a twenty-year capital improvement plan (CIP) for the Lily Pond Water Treatment Plant as requested by the Cohasset Water Department (CWD). A capital improvement plan is a management tool that includes a description of proposed capital improvement projects ranked by priority and is used to coordinate the timing and financing of capital improvements over a multi-year period. A comprehensive evaluation of existing assets and their current conditions is also included in this project to help develop the CIP. Work under the capital plan includes establishing a framework for prioritization of improvements recommendations covering a comprehensive list of criteria including: general condition assessment, water quality and environmental regulatory compliance, key equipment assets, water treatment effectiveness, residuals management, water treatment process condition, building condition, and workplace safety. The prioritization plan includes aspects of Town of Cohasset’s existing capital prioritization category weighting and rating factors, which include risk, funding cash payback, service level, and social and/or economic impact. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 2 200-121837-20003 1.3 SCOPE The development of the twenty-year CIP for Lily Pond’s Water Treatment Plant is based on facility plans and Tetra Tech’s experience with master plans and condition assessment planning. The following work is included as part of this capital improvement plan: 1. Estimation of effective capacities of unit process, equipment, and facilities based on population projections for Cohasset’s service area, 2. Development of condition assessment of existing assets, including process, electrical, SCADA and instrumentation, structural, architectural, HVAC, and site civil assets. 3. Evaluation and selection of projects based on prioritization ranking. 4. Opinion of probable construction cost of each capital improvement project in 2021 dollars. 5. Preparation of the CIP report, listing the recommended projects by funding in a 5-year incremental period. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 3 200-121837-20003 2.0 WATER QUALITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATORY COMPLIANCE REVIEW 2.1 RAW AND FINISHED WATER QUALITY REVIEW A review of the historical raw and finished water quality was performed based on data from the following sources: 1. The MassDEP Drinking Water Program’s Water Quality Database from 1/1/2000 through 9/29/2020 2. The Town’s Daily Water Quality Sample Data from 6/1/2018 through 6/30/2020 3. The Town’s 2019 Water Quality Report 4. Pilot Test Report MIEX® DOC Resin Treatment (Weston & Sampson, November, 2006) 5. Pilot Test Report Ozone/BAC Treatment (Weston & Sampson, November, 2006) A summary of the raw and finished water quality data is presented in Table 2-1. For the Lily Pond WTP raw and finished waters, a corresponding time-series graphs of the total organic carbon (TOC), turbidity, manganese, and iron levels are presented in Figures 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, and 2-4, respectively. Overall, the Lily Pond surface water supply is a low alkalinity, organic-laden water with neutral pH, moderate total dissolved solids (TDS), and low hardness based on raw and finished water qualities. The raw water TOC levels have ranged from 4 mg/L to upwards of 16 mg/L with an average of 9.6 mg/L. Turbidity is generally moderate with an average of about 2.0 NTU with the potential for occasional spikes in raw water turbidity as shown in Figure 3-2. Relatively large fluctuations in the raw water manganese levels have also been observed. On average, manganese levels are around 0.24 mg/L and has been measured at levels of up to 1.52 mg/L. These levels are well above the secondary maximum contaminant level (MCL) for manganese of 0.05 mg/L; and therefore, require treatment. Similarly, raw water iron levels are approximately 0.77 mg/L, on average, and have been seen to range up to 2.56 mg/L. At these levels, treatment for reducing iron is also needed for meeting the secondary MCL of 0.3 mg/L. Based on the time series representation of the TOC data, a general seasonal variation can be observed, where the TOC tends to be more elevated during the summer months (June through August) and lower during the winter and springs months (December through April). TOC levels during fall months appeared to fluctuate from relatively low to high. During the summer months, the raw water quality also tends to have higher levels of turbidity, color, manganese and iron as revealed in Figures 2-2, 2-3, and 2-4. Although TOC is not a directly regulated water quality parameter, its presence in the water supply results in the increased potential for the formation of regulated disinfection byproducts (DBPs), namely total trihalomethanes (TTHMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs). As such, the Lily Pond WTP is required by MassDEP to demonstrate compliance with Treatment Technique efficiency requirements of removing at least 50% of the raw water TOC. To compensate for raw water quality variations, the Town’s operations team adjusts the coagulants and polymer dosages when higher levels of turbidity, color, and TOC are detected in the raw water. As supported by the data, operations adjustments serves to effectively treat the raw water turbidity by achieving a finished water turbidity of 0.11 NTU on average, thus removing approximately 94% of the turbidity on an average basis. Additionally, the enhanced coagulation process achieves 50% removal of the TOC on average, which meets the Treatment Technique efficiency requirements. The Town’s operations teams also adjusts the permanganate chemical dosing for manganese and iron oxidation treatment and removal. As illustrated in Figure 2-4, the treatment process achieves effective iron removal of 95%, on average. Overall, the treatment process is also effective in reducing the manganese down to 0.07 mg/L, on average. However, the manganese treatment performance can be challenged during the summer months, when raw water manganese levels have been shown to spike significantly. During the summer, these elevated managanese levels are also accompanied by increased water demands and treatment Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 4 200-121837-20003 flows. The increased summer treatment flows likely contribute to a shorter mixing and contact time with the permangatate oxidation and some diminishing of the treatment efficiency. Table 2-1. Lily Pond WTP Raw and Finished Water Quality Parameter Unit Lily Pond WTP Raw Average (Range) Lily Pond WTP Raw 95th percentile Lily Pond WTP Finished Average (Range) Lily Pond WTP Finished 95th percentile Temperature deg-C 15 (4 – 27.5) - 14 (6 – 26.4) 23.5 pH - 6.68 (0.68 – 9.57) 7.32 7.2 (6.36 – 8.51) 7.63 Alkalinity mg/L as CaCO3 - - 11.0 - Turbidity NTU 1.94 (0 – 14.8) 3.76 0.11 (0 – 1.58) 0.22 Total Dissolved Solids mg/L - - 195 (180 – 210) 209 Hardness mg/L as CaCO3 - - 27 (17 – 45) 45 Apparent Color PCU 130 (0 – 459) 264 1.77 (0 – 58.0) 8.0 True Color PCU 159 (88 – 324) - 1.6 - UVA cm-1 0.57 (0.05 – 2.82) 1.08 0.05 (0 – 0.75) 0.08 TOC mg/L 9.6 (4 – 16) 13 3.2 (1.5 – 5.7) 4.6 DOC mg/L - - 2.3 - Calcium mg/L - - 6.9 (3.6 – 13.5) 13.5 Iron mg/L 0.77 (ND – 2.56) 2.04 0.02 (ND – 1.00) 0.05 Copper mg/L - - 0.01 (ND – 0.021) - Potassium mg/L - - 0.6 (ND – 1.2) 1.14 Sodium mg/L 36.8 (10 – 79) 74.3 43.5 (21.2 – 108) 75 Magnesium mg/L - - 2.3 (1.97 – 2.83) 2.8 Manganese mg/L 0.24 (ND – 1.52) 0.96 0.07 (ND – 1.04) 0.16 Chloride mg/L 43 (30 – 60) - 83 (79 – 87) 86.6 Fluoride mg/L 0.09 (ND – 0.96) 0.15 0.71 (0.05 – 6.73) 0.97 Sulfate mg/L 9.5 (6.4 – 15.3) - 21.4 (5.9 – 38.9) 35.8 Aluminum mg/L 0.04 (ND – 0.28) 0.15 0.004 (ND – 0.04) 0.02 Nitrate - - 0.09 (0.05 – 0.23) 0.17 Phosphate mg/L PO4 - - 1.01 (ND – 2.42) 1.38 Odor TON - - 2.0 - Chlorine, Free mg/L - - 1.27 (0.12 – 2.95) 1.78 Chlorine, Total mg/L - - 1.50 (0.67 – 3.23) 2.06 Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 5 200-121837-20003 1. ND = Non-detect. Figure 2-1. Lily Pond WTP Raw and Finished Water TOC 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 2/17/2005 4/28/2007 7/6/2009 9/14/2011 11/22/2013 1/31/2016 4/10/2018 6/18/2020 8/27/2022Total Organic Carbon, TOC (mg/L)Lily Pond WTP Raw Lily Pond WTP Filter Effluent Average Reduction = 66% Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 6 200-121837-20003 Figure 2-2. Lily Pond WTP Raw and Finished Water Turbidity Figure 2-3. Lily Pond WTP Raw and Finished Water Manganese 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 1-Jun-1818-Jun-185-Jul-1822-Jul-188-Aug-1825-Aug-1811-Sep-1828-Sep-1815-Oct-181-Nov-1818-Nov-185-Dec-1822-Dec-188-Jan-1925-Jan-1911-Feb-1928-Feb-1917-Mar-193-Apr-1920-Apr-197-May-1924-May-1910-Jun-1927-Jun-1914-Jul-1931-Jul-1917-Aug-193-Sep-1920-Sep-197-Oct-1924-Oct-1910-Nov-1927-Nov-1914-Dec-1931-Dec-1917-Jan-203-Feb-2020-Feb-208-Mar-2025-Mar-2011-Apr-2028-Apr-2015-May-201-Jun-2018-Jun-20Turbidity, NTURaw Water Finished Water 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 10-Apr-18 19-Jul-18 27-Oct-18 4-Feb-19 15-May-19 23-Aug-19 1-Dec-19 10-Mar-20 18-Jun-20 26-Sep-20Manganese (mg/L)Raw Water Finished Water Average Reduction = 50% Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 7 200-121837-20003 Figure 2-4. Lily Pond WTP Raw and Finished Water Iron 2.2 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM DISINFECTION BYPRODUCTS REVIEW A review of historical TTHM and HAA5 data was performed based on data from the MassDEP Drinking Water Program’s Water Quality Database. The TTHM and HAA5 data was collected in accordance with the Stage 2 D/DBP Rule from November 2013 to August 2020 at the following system compliance locations: • 10202 – Deer Hill School, 208 Sohier Street, Cohasset, MA 02025 • 10204 – Police Station 62 Elm St., Cohasset, MA 02025 • 10205 – 2 Whitehead Road, Cohasset, MA 02025 • 10206 – 4 Beechwood Street, Cohasset, MA 02025 Times series representations of the TTHM and HAA5 results are provided in Figures 2-5 and 2-6, respectively. As illustrated by the TTHM data in Figure 2-5, the TTHM results at the compliance locations within the Cohasset distribution system have ranged from approximately 12 µg/L to 120 µg/L over the last seven years. Based on these historical TTHM levels, single sample TTHM levels have been found to rise above the regulated MCL at the four sampling locations during the summer and spring quarterly samplings. These TTHM results reveal an overall seasonal variation in TTHM formation, where peaks in TTHM levels are typically observed during the summer sampling events. As shown in Figure 2-6, the corresponding HAA5 at the compliance locations have fluctuated from approximately 2 µg/L to 82 µg/L over the last seven years. The highest and second highest HAA5 levels (82 and 48.5 µg/L, respectively) were measured at the 4 Beechwood Street location. The highest observed level fell above the 60 µg/L level and is uncharacteristic based on the seven years of historical data. The second highest level is approximately 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 10-Apr-18 19-Jul-18 27-Oct-18 4-Feb-19 15-May-19 23-Aug-19 1-Dec-19 10-Mar-20 18-Jun-20 26-Sep-20Iron (mg/L)Raw Water Finished Water Average Reduction = 95% Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 8 200-121837-20003 81% of the 60 µg/L MCL. Unlike the TTHMs, the HAA5 data does not appear to exhibit a distinct seasonal pattern, which suggest that the other mechanisms are influencing HAA5 levels in the distribution system. One of these mechanisms, could be chlorine residual management to maintain adequate but generally lower residuals and an accompanying biodegradation of HAAs within biofilms. Overall based on the full-scale data, the HAA5 formation does not appear to be typically near regulatory levels, and therefore, appears to be effectively controlled by the existing treatment and operation processes. A closer review of the locational TTHM and HAA5 data was performed to compare the locational running annual averages (LRAAs) to their respective MCLs. TTHM and HAA5 LRAA results for each compliance location are presented in Figures 2-7 through 2-14. In each figure, the TTHMs and HAA5s results are represented as columns and the corresponding LRAA is shown as a connected line. With the exception of the one Beechwood sample collected in August 2019, the HAA5 levels are generally maintained below 80% of the 60 µg/L MCL. On the other hand, individual TTHM results fell above the regulated MCL on two to seven occasions across the sampling locations. Although the corresponding LRAAs for each location have remained below the regulatory MCL due to the lower seasonal TTHM levels, the LRAAs are approaching the 80 µg/L. Consequently, the Town has been considering alternative DBP precursor treatment alternatives for further reducing and controlling DBP formation in the distribution system. As part of this effort, the Town with the assistance of Tetra Tech recently completed the pilot testing of granular activated carbon (GAC) downstream of filtration for to evaluate the treatment performance and operational requirements. Further discussion of the future implications of DBP control is discussed in the following Section 4.5.2 Future Water Quality Considerations. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 9 200-121837-20003 Figure 2-5. Cohasset Water Distribution System TTHMs Figure 2-6. Cohasset Water Distribution System HAA5 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 10/1/2013 2/13/2015 6/27/2016 11/9/2017 3/24/2019 8/5/2020Total Trihalomethanes (µg/L)10202-Deer Hill School 10204-Police Station 10205-2 Whitehead 10206-4 Beechwood TTHM MCL 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 10/1/2013 2/13/2015 6/27/2016 11/9/2017 3/24/2019 8/5/2020Haloacetic Acids, HAA5(µg/L)10202-Deer Hill School 10204-Police Station 10205-2 Whitehead 10206-4 Beechwood HAA5 MCL Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 10 200-121837-20003 Figure 2-7. Deer High School Location TTHMs Figure 2-8. Deer High School Location HAA5s 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 10/1/201312/1/20132/1/20144/1/20146/1/20148/1/201410/1/201412/1/20142/1/20154/1/20156/1/20158/1/201510/1/201512/1/20152/1/20164/1/20166/1/20168/1/201610/1/201612/1/20162/1/20174/1/20176/1/20178/1/201710/1/201712/1/20172/1/20184/1/20186/1/20188/1/201810/1/201812/1/20182/1/20194/1/20196/1/20198/1/201910/1/201912/1/20192/1/20204/1/20206/1/20208/1/202010/1/202012/1/2020Total Trihalomethanes (µg/L)10202-Deer Hill School LRAA MCL 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 10/1/201312/1/20132/1/20144/1/20146/1/20148/1/201410/1/201412/1/20142/1/20154/1/20156/1/20158/1/201510/1/201512/1/20152/1/20164/1/20166/1/20168/1/201610/1/201612/1/20162/1/20174/1/20176/1/20178/1/201710/1/201712/1/20172/1/20184/1/20186/1/20188/1/201810/1/201812/1/20182/1/20194/1/20196/1/20198/1/201910/1/201912/1/20192/1/20204/1/20206/1/20208/1/202010/1/202012/1/2020Total Trihalomethanes (µg/L)10202- Deer Hill School LRAA MCL Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 11 200-121837-20003 Figure 2-9. Police Station Location TTHMs Figure 2-10. Police Station Location HAA5s 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 10/1/201312/1/20132/1/20144/1/20146/1/20148/1/201410/1/201412/1/20142/1/20154/1/20156/1/20158/1/201510/1/201512/1/20152/1/20164/1/20166/1/20168/1/201610/1/201612/1/20162/1/20174/1/20176/1/20178/1/201710/1/201712/1/20172/1/20184/1/20186/1/20188/1/201810/1/201812/1/20182/1/20194/1/20196/1/20198/1/201910/1/201912/1/20192/1/20204/1/20206/1/20208/1/202010/1/202012/1/2020Total Trihalomethanes (µg/L)10204-Police Station LRAA MCL 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 10/1/201312/1/20132/1/20144/1/20146/1/20148/1/201410/1/201412/1/20142/1/20154/1/20156/1/20158/1/201510/1/201512/1/20152/1/20164/1/20166/1/20168/1/201610/1/201612/1/20162/1/20174/1/20176/1/20178/1/201710/1/201712/1/20172/1/20184/1/20186/1/20188/1/201810/1/201812/1/20182/1/20194/1/20196/1/20198/1/201910/1/201912/1/20192/1/20204/1/20206/1/20208/1/202010/1/202012/1/2020Total Trihalomethanes (µg/L)10204- Police Station LRAA MCL Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 12 200-121837-20003 Figure 2-11. 2 Whitehead Location TTHMs Figure 2-12. 2 Whitehead Location HAA5s 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 10/1/201312/1/20132/1/20144/1/20146/1/20148/1/201410/1/201412/1/20142/1/20154/1/20156/1/20158/1/201510/1/201512/1/20152/1/20164/1/20166/1/20168/1/201610/1/201612/1/20162/1/20174/1/20176/1/20178/1/201710/1/201712/1/20172/1/20184/1/20186/1/20188/1/201810/1/201812/1/20182/1/20194/1/20196/1/20198/1/201910/1/201912/1/20192/1/20204/1/20206/1/20208/1/202010/1/202012/1/2020Total Trihalomethanes (µg/L)10205-2 Whitehead LRAA MCL 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 10/1/201312/1/20132/1/20144/1/20146/1/20148/1/201410/1/201412/1/20142/1/20154/1/20156/1/20158/1/201510/1/201512/1/20152/1/20164/1/20166/1/20168/1/201610/1/201612/1/20162/1/20174/1/20176/1/20178/1/201710/1/201712/1/20172/1/20184/1/20186/1/20188/1/201810/1/201812/1/20182/1/20194/1/20196/1/20198/1/201910/1/201912/1/20192/1/20204/1/20206/1/20208/1/202010/1/202012/1/2020Total Trihalomethanes (µg/L)10205-2 Whitehead LRAA MCL Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 13 200-121837-20003 Figure 2-13. 4 Beechwood Location TTHMs Figure 2-14. 4 Beechwood Location HAA5s 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 10/1/201312/1/20132/1/20144/1/20146/1/20148/1/201410/1/201412/1/20142/1/20154/1/20156/1/20158/1/201510/1/201512/1/20152/1/20164/1/20166/1/20168/1/201610/1/201612/1/20162/1/20174/1/20176/1/20178/1/201710/1/201712/1/20172/1/20184/1/20186/1/20188/1/201810/1/201812/1/20182/1/20194/1/20196/1/20198/1/201910/1/201912/1/20192/1/20204/1/20206/1/20208/1/202010/1/202012/1/2020Total Trihalomethanes (µg/L)10206-4 Beechwood LRAA MCL 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 10/1/201312/1/20132/1/20144/1/20146/1/20148/1/201410/1/201412/1/20142/1/20154/1/20156/1/20158/1/201510/1/201512/1/20152/1/20164/1/20166/1/20168/1/201610/1/201612/1/20162/1/20174/1/20176/1/20178/1/201710/1/201712/1/20172/1/20184/1/20186/1/20188/1/201810/1/201812/1/20182/1/20194/1/20196/1/20198/1/201910/1/201912/1/20192/1/20204/1/20206/1/20208/1/202010/1/202012/1/2020Total Trihalomethanes (µg/L)10206-4 Beechwood LRAA MCL Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 14 200-121837-20003 2.3 ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATORY COMPLIANCE REVIEW 2.3.1 United States Environmental Protection Agency The Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) was passed by Congress in 1974 (Public Law 93-523) to protect public health by regulating the nation’s drinking water supply. The law was amended in 1986 and 1996 and requires many actions to protect drinking water and its sources including rivers, lakes, reservoirs and ground water wells. In 1996, Congress amended the SDWA to emphasize sound science and risk-based standard setting, small water supply system flexibility and technical assistance, community-empowered source water assessment and protection, public right-to-know, and water system infrastructure assistance through a multi-billion-dollar state revolving loan fund. The SDWA sets national health-based standards for drinking water for protection against both naturally occurring and man-made contaminants that may be found in drinking water. Under the SDWA, EPA sets legal limits on the levels of certain contaminants in drinking water. The legal limits reflect both the level that protects human health and the level that water systems can achieve using the best available technology. Besides prescribing these legal limits, EPA rules set water-testing schedules and methods that water systems must follow. The rules also list acceptable techniques for treating contaminated water. SDWA gives individual states the opportunity to set and enforce their own drinking water standards if the standards are at least as strong as EPA's national standards. Massachusetts, like most states directly oversees the water systems within the state. 2.3.1.1 Primary and Secondary Drinking Water Standards The SDWA requires EPA to establish National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWRs) for contaminants that may cause adverse public health effects. The regulations include both mandatory maximum contaminant levels and non-enforceable health goals for each contaminant. The non-enforceable health goals, based solely on possible health risks and exposure over a lifetime with an adequate margin of safety, are called maximum contaminant level goals (MCLG). Contaminants are any physical, chemical, biological or radiological substances or matter in water. Maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) are set as close to the health goals as possible, considering cost, benefits and the ability of public water systems to detect and remove contaminants using suitable treatment technologies. MCLs have additional significance because they can be used under the Superfund Law as "Applicable or Relevant and Appropriate Requirements" in cleanups of contaminated sites on the National Priorities List. EPA has also set secondary standards which are non-enforceable guidelines regulating contaminants that may cause cosmetic effects (such as skin or tooth discoloration) or aesthetic effects (such as taste, odor, or color) in drinking water. EPA recommends secondary standards to water systems but does not require systems to comply. However, states may choose to adopt them as enforceable standards. Future NPDWR standards will apply to non- transient non-community water systems because of concern for the long-term exposure of a stable population. In addition to the federal primary and secondary drinking water standards, the EPA has also promulgated several rules that set standards, water-testing schedules, and methods pertaining to chemical contaminants, microbial contaminants, and right-to-know procedures that water systems must follow. Of these, rules relevant to the Lily Pond WTP include the Arsenic Rule, Chemical Contaminant Rules, Lead and Copper Rule, Radionuclides Rule, Disinfectant/Disinfection Byproducts Rule, Surface Water Treatment Rules, Total Coliform Rule, Consumer Confidence Report Rule, and Public Notification Rule. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 15 200-121837-20003 2.3.1.1 Arsenic Rule On January 22, 2001 EPA adopted a lower standard for arsenic in drinking water at 10 parts per billion (ppb), replacing the old standard of 50 ppb. The rule became effective on February 22, 2002. The date by which systems must comply with the new 10 ppb standard was January 23, 2006. 2.3.1.2 Chemical Contaminant Rules The Chemical Contaminants were regulated in phases, which are collectively referred to as the Phase II/V Rules or the Chemical Contaminant Rules. These rules regulate over 65 contaminants in three contaminant groups: Inorganic Contaminants (IOCs) that include nitrate and arsenic, Volatile Organic Contaminants (VOCs), and Synthetic Organic Contaminants (SOCs). The rules apply to public water systems (PWS). PWS type, size, and water source determine which contaminants require monitoring for that system. 2.3.1.3 Lead and Copper Rule In older homes and buildings, lead and copper can leach from service lines, solder, and fixtures into tap water and become a significant source of lead and copper exposure. Exposure to lead and copper may cause health problems ranging from stomach distress to brain damage. In children, lead exposure in particular can cause irreversible and life-long health effects, including decreasing IQ, focus, and academic achievement. On December 22, 2020, EPA finalized the New Lead and Copper Rule (LCR). The new LCR is the first major update to the rule in nearly 30 years. The new LCR strengthens regulatory requirements to better protect children and communities from the risks of lead exposure. The new LCR maintains the lead and copper action levels (ALs) at 15 µg/L and 1.3 mg/L, respectively, for the 90th percentile of samples collected at customers’ taps. If lead concentrations exceed the action level of 15 ppb or copper concentrations exceed the action level of 1.3 ppm in more than 10% of customer taps sampled, the system must undertake a number of additional actions that have been expanded from the original rule. Additionally, the new rule sets a lead trigger level of greater than 10 and less than or equal to 15 µg/L for the 90th percentile of samples. 90th percentile lead results within the trigger level will trigger additional planning, monitoring, and treatment requirements. A summary of additional key updates to the rule is provided as follows: • Lead and Copper Tap Monitoring o Prioritizes collecting samples from sites served by lead service lines. o Requires new, improved tap sampling procedures. o Lead monitoring schedule is based on the 90th Percentile level  90th Percentile > 15 µg/L: Semi-annually at the standard number of sites  90th Percentile > 10 to 15 µg/L: Annually at the standard number of sites  90th Percentile ≤ 10 µg/L: Annually and triennially at reduced number of sites using same criteria of original rule o Copper follows the same criteria as current rule and samples can be analyzed for lead only when monitoring is conducted more frequently than copper. • Corrosion Control Treatment and Water Quality Parameters o Specifies corrosion control treatment for systems with 90th Percentile results > 10 to 15 µg/L. o Systems with 90th Percentile results > 15 µg/L must install or re-optimize corrosion control treatment. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 16 200-121837-20003 o Small systems (≤10,000 people) with 90th Percentile results > 10 µg/L can select approach to address lead with Primacy Agency approval, including corrosion control treatment, lead service line replacement, provision and maintenance of point-of-use devices, or replace all lead-bearing plumbing materials o Calcium hardness adjustment is no longer an acceptable corrosion control option. o Specifies that phosphate inhibitor must be orthophosphate. o Eliminates water quality parameters related to calcium hardness. o To qualify for reduced water quality parameter distribution monitoring, the 90th percentile for lead must be 10 µg/L or less and the system must meet its optimal water quality parameters. o Corrosion control treatment and water quality parameter data must be reviewed during sanitary surveys against the most recent treatment guidance issued by EPA. • Lead Service Line Inventory and Lead Service Line Replacement Plan o All systems must develop a lead service line inventory or demonstrate absence of lead service lines within first three (3) years of final rule publication. o Rule specifies lead service line replacement programs based on the 90th percentile level for systems serving greater than 3,300 people. • Source Water Monitoring and Treatment o Systems must obtain prior Primacy Agency approval before changing source or treatment. • Lead in Drinking Water at Schools and Child Care Facilities o Systems must conduct lead sampling at 20% of elementary schools and 20% of child care facilities per year and conduct sampling at secondary schools on request for 1 testing cycle (5 years) and conduct sampling on request of all schools and child care facilities thereafter. o Sample results and public education must be provided to each sampled school or child care facility. o Excludes facilities build or replaced all plumbing after January 1, 2014. 2.3.1.4 Radionuclides Rule In 2000, EPA revised the radionuclides regulation to reduce the exposure to radionuclides in drinking water. The new rule revisions set new monitoring requirements for community water systems for meeting the MCLs for radionuclides in drinking water. Additionally, EPA issued a standard for uranium. The current standards are: • Combined radium 226/228 of 5 pCi/L • Gross alpha standard of 15 pCi/L (not including radon and uranium) • Beta emitters combined standard of 4 mrem/year • Uranium standard of 30 µg/L 2.3.1.5 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule The Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule (Stage 1 DBPR) was finalized in December 1998 and strengthens control of chemical disinfectants and their potentially cancer-causing byproducts, in drinking water. The Stage 1 DBPR applied to systems of all sizes that use chemical disinfectant for primary or residual treatment. It was developed as part of a group of standards that address the risk trade-offs between microbiological Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 17 200-121837-20003 contaminants and disinfection byproducts. These rules, collectively called the microbial and disinfection byproducts rules, are the first to address the waterborne pathogen, Cryptosporidium, in drinking water. The Stage 1 DBPR applied to community water systems and non-transient non-community systems that add a disinfectant to the drinking water during any part of the treatment process, including those serving fewer than 10,000 people. For systems that serve more than 10,000 customers, the rule took effect on January 1, 2002. For systems that serve fewer than 10,000 customers, the rule took effect on January 1, 2004. The Stage 1 DBPR established seven new standards and a treatment technique of enhanced coagulation and enhanced softening to further reduce DBP exposure in systems using surface water or groundwater under the influence of surface water. The standard applies to all systems that add chlorine, chloramines, or chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant. The rule established maximum residual disinfectant levels (MRDLs) for chlorine (4 mg/L), chloramines (4 mg/L), and chlorine dioxide (0.8 mg/L). MRDLs are similar to MCLs but are applicable to disinfectants. The MRDLs keep disinfectant levels low enough to minimize disinfection byproduct (DBP) formation and limit adverse health effects. The rule specifies MCLs for four trihalomethanes (chloroform, bromodichloromethane, dibromochloromethane, and bromoform). MCLs for total trihalomethanes (the sum of the four listed above) cannot exceed 0.080 mg/L. The rule sets MCLs for haloacetic acids: dichloroacetic acid, and trichloroacetic acid. The sum of the above total haloacetic acids plus monochloroacetic acid, mono and dibromoacetic acids must fall below 0.060 mg/L. MCLs are also established for two inorganic disinfection byproducts: chlorite (1.0 mg/L) and bromate (0.010 mg/L) and the treatment technique of enhanced coagulation and lime softening for removal of natural organic matter is required. The Stage 1 rule required a monitoring plan that outlined schedules for collecting DBP samples and at which locations. Compliance was based on a running annual average (RAA) of samples from all locations across the system. The Stage 2 DBPR builds upon the Stage 1 DBPR to address higher risk public water systems for protection measures beyond those required for existing regulations. The Stage 2 DBPR and the Long Term 2 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (LT2) are the second phase of rules required by Congress. These rules strengthen protection against microbial contaminants, especially Cryptosporidium, and at the same time, reduce potential health risks of DBPs. The Stage 2 DBPR supplements the Stage 1 DBPR and requires water systems to meet disinfection MCLs at each monitoring site in the distribution system. The rule also seeks to better identify monitoring sites that include pockets where high concentration of DBPs are suspected. The Stage 2 DBP rule focuses on public health protection by limiting exposure to DBPs, specifically total trihalomethanes (TTHM) and five haloacetic acids (HAA5), which can form in water through disinfectants used to control microbial pathogens. This rule applies to all community water systems and non-transient non-community water systems that add a primary or residual disinfectant other than ultraviolet (UV) light or deliver water that has been disinfected by a primary or residual disinfectant other than UV. The Stage 2 DBPR requires that systems do a self-assessment and identify locations within a distribution system that have higher residence time of liquid sitting stagnant (pockets). Samples have to be taken at these sites. Under the Stage 2 DBPR, maximum contaminant levels of TTHM and HAA5s will be measured or calculated at each monitoring site. A locational running annual average (LRAA) or running yearly average of each sample collected at the specified location will be calculated. Compliance is based on a LRAA. Any LRAA that exceeds the MRDL is considered a violation. 2.3.1.6 Surface Water Treatment Rules The Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR) and its counterparts – the Interim, Long Term 1, and Long Term 2 Enhanced SWTRs – aim to control microbial contaminants. Surface water treatment facilities must remove a minimum of 99 percent (2-log) of Cryptosporidium, 99.9 percent (3-log) of Giardia lamblia cysts, and 99.99 percent (4-log) of viruses by filtration and disinfection. In addition, treatment facilities must maintain filtered water turbidities Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 18 200-121837-20003 within 0.3 NTU (1 NTU maximum) and disinfectant residual levels above at least 0.2 mg/L. Microbial control is also addressed by the Filter Backwash Recycling Rule (FBRR). The FBRR requires treatment systems that recycle filter backwash wastewater to return the recycle stream to the headworks of the existing treatment system. A summary of the suite of SWTRs is provided in Table 2-2. 2.3.1.7 Total Coliform Rule The Total Coliform Rule, which was published in 1989, set both health goals (Maximum Contaminant Level Goals) and legal limits (Maximum Contaminant Levels) for the presence of total coliforms in drinking water. The rule also details the type and frequency of testing that water systems must undertake. The rule applies to all public water systems. Table 2-2. Surface Water Treatment Rules Promulgation Date Regulation June 29, 1989 Surface Water Treatment Rule December 16, 1998 Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule June 8, 2001 Filter Backwash Recycling Rule January 4, 2002 Long Term 1 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule January 5, 2006 Long Term 2 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule EPA revised the 1989 Total Coliform Rule on February 13, 2013, to improve public health protection and the implementation of the rule by States and public water systems. Public water systems and primacy agencies must comply with the requirements of the Revised Total Coliform Rule (RTCR) by April 1, 2016. Until then, PWSs and primacy agencies must continue complying with the 1989 Total Coliform Rule. Revisions related to RTCR include establishment of an MCL for E. coli, violations of the rule are based on E. coli only, and assessment and corrective action is required based on the monitoring results. 2.3.1.8 Consumer Confidence Report Rule The Consumer Confidence Report (CCR) Rule was published in 1998 and establishes the minimum requirements for the content of annual reports that community water systems must deliver to their customers. These reports must contain information on the quality of the water delivered by the systems and characterize the risk (if any) from exposure to contaminants detected in the drinking water in an accurate and understandable manner. The CCR Rule was included in EPA’s Final Plan for Periodic Retrospective Reviews of Existing Regulations in 2011. The Retrospective Review was completed in 2012 and covered the following five areas: CCR understandability; Reporting MCLs in numbers greater than or equal to 1.0; Reporting period for including a Tier 3 Public Notice in the CCR: The certification of CCR delivery and content by the community water system to the primacy agency; and Electronic delivery of the CCR. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 19 200-121837-20003 2.3.1.9 Public Notification Rule The Public Notification Rule is part of the SDWA to ensure that consumers know if there is a problem with their drinking water. These notices alert consumers if there is a risk to public health and if: a. The water does not meet drinking water standards; b. The water system fails to test its water; c. The system has been granted a variance (use of less costly technology); or d. The system has been granted an exemption (more time to comply with a new regulation). 2.3.1.10 America’s Water Infrastructure Act of 2018 (AWIA) Title II As a response to September 11, 2001, the Bioterrorism Act of 2002 drove the need to implement Vulnerability Assessments and Emergency Response Plans in the early 2000s. Recently, On October 23, 2018, EPA enacted into law America’s Water Infrastructure Act (AWIA) of 2018 (S.3021; Law No. 115-270). Title II of the Act pertains to “Community Water System Risk and Resilience” and mandates that water systems identify “risk from malevolent and natural hazards, and the operation and maintenance of the system to include strategies and resources to improve the resilience of the system, including physical security and cybersecurity”. In summary, AWIA requires water systems serving more than 3,300 people to develop or update Risk and Resilience Assessments and emergency response plans (ERPs). The law specifies the components that the risk assessments and ERPs must address and establishes deadlines by which water systems must certify to EPA completion of the risk assessment and ERP. An overview of the components required for preparing the Risk and Resiliency Assessment and Emergency Response Plan is provided as follows: Risk and Resiliency Assessment • Asset characterization (physical, human, cyber) • Threat characterization (malevolent acts, natural hazards, dependency hazards) • Consequence, vulnerability, and threat analysis • Specifically address: o Source water o O&M practices o Chemical use, storage, and handling o Financial infrastructure • Submit certification letter to EPA Emergency Response Plan (ERP) • Prepare the ERP a. System overview b. Established roles and responsibilities c. Internal and external communications d. Mutual aid and partnership (NIMS ICS, WARN) e. Training f. Documentation practices g. Mitigation to address hazards Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 20 200-121837-20003 • Submit certification letter to EPA Community water systems will need to submit certification letters to the EPA based on population served. Both Risk and Resilience Assessment and ERP certifications must be re-certified every five (5) years. A summary of the compliance dates by utility size is presented in Table 3-3. Non-compliance can result in penalties of $25,000 per day. Additional information and resources for preparing the Risk and Resilience Assessment and Emergency Response Plan are available on EPA’s website: https://www.epa.gov/waterresilience/americas-water- infrastructure-act-risk-assessments-and-emergency-response-plans. Based on the Town’s current population of less than 10,000, compliance deadlines for submitting the Risk & Resiliency Assessment Compliance and ERP Compliance Letters are June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2021, respectively. Table 2-3. America’s Water Infrastructure Act (AWIA) of 2018 Compliance Summary Utility Size (Population Served) Risk & Resilience Assessment Compliance Letter Emergency Response Plan Compliance Letter >100,000 March 31, 2020 September 30, 2020 50,000 - 100,000 December 31, 2020 June 30, 2021 3,300 - 50,000 June 30, 2021 December 31, 2021 2.3.2 Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection 2.3.2.1 Drinking Water Standards and Guidelines Under the SDWA, a state may be granted primacy for implementing the provisions of the SDWA. The Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection (MassDEP) has primacy for implementation. As part of that primacy, Mass DEP is responsible for ensuring the quality of Massachusetts public drinking waters and enforcing the SDWA within the state. Generally, the state adopts the national primary and secondary drinking water standards of the federal government and creates additional rules to fulfill state requirements. MassDEP sets standards and guidance levels for various contaminants as listed in the drinking water regulations (310 CMR 22.00). In addition to the drinking water standards, MassDEP has derived Immediate Action Levels for routinely used water treatment chemicals, to enable water treatment plant operators to identify and address serious incidents of chemical overfeed or misuse. The following five primary types of guidance are available for assessing drinking water quality in Massachusetts: 1. Massachusetts Maximum Contaminant Levels (MMCLs) 2. MassDEP Office of Research and Standards (ORS) Guidelines 3. Secondary Maximum Contaminant Levels 4. US PEA Health Advisories 5. USEPA Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 21 200-121837-20003 The MMCLs are outlined in the drinking water regulations (310 CMR 22.00) and consist of promulgated EPA MCLs and additional MCLs set specifically by Massachusetts. A summary of the current MMCLs is included in Tables A-1, A-2, and A-3 of Appendix A. The standards are enforced by the Drinking Water Program. In addition to the MMCLs, MassDEP Office of Research and Standards (ORS) issues guidance for chemicals other than those included in the MMCLs based on EPA IRIS toxicity values, EPA Health Advisories, promulgated but not yet effective EPA standards, or review and evaluation of available data for the chemical of interest. These ORS guidance values are known as ORS Guidelines or ORSG and are usually developed for use by MassDEP programs in the absence of other federal standards or guidance. A list of the current ORS Guidelines is provided in Table A-4 of Appendix A. MassDEP also has guidance values for secondary maximum contaminant levels (SMCLs). These SMCLs are based on EPA secondary standards representing levels of chemicals or parameters above which the aesthetic properties of the water can be affected (taste, odor, color), or cosmetic effects may occur (skin or tooth discoloration). The SMCLs are summarized in Table A-5 of Appendix A. The EPA provides drinking water guidance in the form of Health Advisories for different durations of exposure (i.e., one-day, ten-day and lifetime). These are based upon non-cancer health effects. They are used by MassDEP when evaluating the potential health risks from chemicals in drinking water when no MMCL or ORSG is available. An overview of the key drinking water standard, guidelines, and requirements that are outlined in MassDEP’s 310 CMR 22.00 regulations is provided as follows: Section 22.00. “Drinking Water,” adopts EPA rules and regulates the water produced by public water systems and covers the following criteria: MCL applied to finished drinking water, monitoring requirements and frequencies, surveillance, record keeping, and reporting requirements. Section 22.03. “Compliance” defines the requirements that water suppliers must meet to provide safe drinking water. This section also describes the actions a water system must take when it is out of compliance with the established standards and defines the prohibited acts that are considered violations of the MassDEP regulations. Section 22.04. “Construction, Operation, and Maintenance of Public Water Systems,” establishes the requirements for construction and operation and maintenance of a public water system. Section 22.04 includes information required for permitting new construction and guidelines to modify existing treatment plants. Section 22.05. “Maximum Microbiological Contaminant Levels, Monitoring Requirements, and Analytical Methods”, establishes and describes the requirements for routine coliform monitoring, including sampling plan, monitoring frequency, monitoring requirements, E. coli requirements, treatment techniques, analytical methods, and MCLs. Section 22.06. “Inorganic Chemical Maximum Contaminant Levels, Monitoring Requirements, and Analytical Methods,” establishes and describes the requirements for inorganic chemicals, including monitoring sampling and frequency, and reporting, MCLs, sampling protocol, and analytical methods. Section 22.06B. “Control of Lead and Copper in Drinking Water,” describes treatment techniques, including corrosion control treatment and source water treatment, along with monitoring and reporting requirements. Section 22.07D. “Secondary Chemicals Standards,” describes the secondary contaminants and levels, monitoring requirements, exceeding levels, and analytical methods. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 22 200-121837-20003 Section 22.07E. “Disinfection Byproducts, Disinfection Residuals, and Disinfection Byproduct Precursors,” summarizes disinfection byproducts and disinfectant’s regulations in the distribution system, approved methods for compliance monitoring, and reporting and recordkeeping requirements. Section 22.07F. “Stage 2 Disinfection Byproducts Requirements (DBPR)”, establishes the monitoring and other requirements for identifying Stage 2 DBPR compliance monitoring locations for determining compliance with MCLs for total trihalomethanes (TTHMs) and haloacetic acids (five) (HAA5). Section 22.07G. “Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Monitoring and Analytical Requirements,” indicates the newly established maximum contaminant level of 20 nanograms per liter (ng/L) for the sum of six specific PFAS and the newly approved PFAS analyzing method. This section also specifies monitoring protocols and frequency, and PFAS detection and reporting requirements. Section 22.19. “Distribution System Requirements,” establishes and describes the requirements for protecting the distribution system of a public water system from contamination. This section includes requirements for water storage tanks, storage reservoirs, construction materials evaluation, identification and reporting of materials of construction, and record keeping. Section 22.20A-G. “Surface Water Treatment Rules,” establishes Treatment Technique, filtration, disinfection, sampling and monitoring, backwash recycle, and reporting requirements for public water systems supplied by surface water sources and groundwater under the direct influence of surface water. 2.3.2.2 Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) On October 2, 2020, MassDEP established an MCL of 20 ng/L for the sum of six PFAS compounds—PFOS, PFOA, PFHxS, PFNA, PFHpA, and PFDA, known collectively as PFAS6. The intent of this new amendment to the MassDEP drinking water regulations is to increase public health protection through the reduction of chemicals that have been linked to a variety of health risks, particularly for sensitive subgroups including pregnant women, nursing mothers, and infants. Small community systems serving 10,000 or fewer people will be required to begin regulatory compliance on October 1, 2021. The PFAS6 sampling requirements are summarized in Table 3-4. If there is a PFAS6 detection, and the average of detection and confirmatory sample exceeds the MCL, the PWS needs to provide public education materials regarding the exceedance within 30 days. Compliance is based on calculating the average of the monthly samples over a quarter. If any sample results from any one sampling location would cause the quarterly average to exceed the PFAS6 MCL, then the PWS is in violation. A violation requires a Tier 2 Public Notice. Any monitoring and testing procedure violations require Tier 3 Public Notice. In response to the new PFAS6 standard, the Town has proactively started sampling and monitoring for PFAS6 in their water supplies. A review of the preliminary PFAS6 results for the Lily Pond WTP is included in Section 4.4. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 23 200-121837-20003 Table 2-4. PFAS6 Sampling Requirements Summary Sampling Locations Initial Monitoring (First Year) Routine Monitoring Confirmatory Sampling Increased Monitoring 1. Every entry point to the distribution system 2. Four consecutive quarterly samples must be collected in the initial first year of sampling 3. If initial monitoring does not identify any PFAS6, a PWS may monitor during one year of each subsequent three-year Compliance Period 4. 2 quarterly samples required in that sampling year 5. Detection of PFAS during initial monitoring triggers confirmation sampling 6. PFAS6 detection > 10 ng/L triggers confirmation sampling 7. Confirmatory sampling is not required if MassDEP determines the location is Reliably and Consistently below the MCL 8. If the average PFAS6 > 10 ppt, the sampling location must be sampled monthly and continued until the source is consistently below the MCL 9. Quarterly monitoring is required where PFAS treatment is installed 10. Annual monitoring for PFAS6 < 10 ng/L or consistently below the MCL 2.3.2.3 Design, Permitting, and Construction Design and construction of water treatment facilities are regulated by the MassDEP in accordance with 310 CMR 22.00 and MassDEP’s Guidelines for Public Water Systems. Before construction or alteration, of any existing or future water plant, the Town would need to prepare and submit an application using MassDEP’s Form WS 24. The application will need to be executed in full and submitted to the MassDEP with the following: • Cover letter explaining the request. • Comprehensive report describing the project, basis of the design, and requirements of MassDEP’s Guidelines for Public Water Systems. • One hard copy and one electronic copy of the detailed plans and specifications for the project. • Transmittal Form for Permit Application and Payment. • The non-refundable fee required by the application. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 24 200-121837-20003 The following provides a general overview of the MassDEP design requirements for permitting the water treatment facilities: Water Treatment Plant Facilities The FDEP mandates several requirements as to the location and general design of water treatment plant facilities, which in this case includes chlorination, fluoridation, ground storage, high service pumping, flow metering, coatings, materials of construction, and color coding/pipe identification. Disinfection The Surface Water Treatment Rules require utility providers that utilize surface water as their source of potable water supply to provide 4-log virus treatment, 3-log Giardia Lamblia treatment, and 2-log Cryptosporidium. Public water systems must also maintain a disinfectant residual in the distribution system which must be monitored continuously. 2.3.2.4 Staffing Community water systems are required by the MassDEP to have licensed operators. The staffing requirements for drinking water facilities are described in 310 CMR 22.11B and are based on treatment facilities and distribution system classification. The overall system, from raw water source to finished water distribution, is rated according to MassDEP’s specified treatment unit rating values. The increasing numerical class indicates an increasing complexity of operation and a higher level of training, knowledge, and experience required for operation. MassDEP requires water facilities and their distribution systems to be operated at all times by a Primary Operator and a Secondary Operator. A Primary Operator is a certified operator who has a grade certificate equal to the class of the treatment facility and a Secondary Operator is a certified operator who has a grade certificate not less than one grade lower than the classification of the treatment facility. The classification of treatment facilities is established by adding together the rating values reflecting the complexity of operation of the facility’s treatment units as outlined in 310 CMR 22.11B’s Treatment Unit Rating Values Table. There are four (4) treatment facility classes based on the following points system: 1. Class I-T 30 Points and less 2. Class II-T 31 to 55 Points 3. Class III-T 56 to 75 Points 4. Class IV-T 76 Points and greater The Lily Pond WTP is classified as Class IV-T. Based on the plant capacity, the plant requires staffing by at least a Class IV-T primary operator and at least a Class III-T secondary operator. The primary operator is required to be present at the plant at least one (1) seven-hour working shift each day for five days during each work week (7 consecutive days) and needs to be available to respond in person to emergencies within one hour at times not present at the facility. The secondary operator is required to be present at the plant on working shifts when the primary operator is not required to be present and when the primary operator is absent. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 25 200-121837-20003 2.3.2.5 Monitoring Requirements Table 2-5 presents the monitoring required by MassDEP for compliance with permits. Table 2-5. Monitoring Requirements Monitoring & Report Due Comments Microbiological (Bacteria) Monthly Eight (8) samples per month for population served between 6,701 and 7.600. Disinfectant Residual Reports Monthly Eight (8) samples per month. Inorganic Compounds (including Nitrate and Nitrite) 2021 Sample at POE* at least once (1) per year. Fluoride Monthly Sample at POE monthly. Volatile Organic Contaminants 2020 Sample at POE every 3 years. Synthetic Organic Contaminants 2 Quarters 2020 Non-vulnerable source may be granted a waiver. Turbidity Monthly Sample filtered water daily. Secondaries 2021 Sample at POE yearly (recommended). Radionuclides 2022 Sample every 3 years which can be reduced to once every six or nine years (310 CMR 22.09A 2C) Stage 2 Disinfection Byproducts and Disinfection Byproduct Reports Quarterly Quarterly testing at 4 sites for both TTHMs/HAA5 (dual samples). Lead and Copper (Tap Sampling) 2022 At least 20 samples every 3 years. Monthly Operation Reports (MORs) Monthly Include information and reports for Filtered Systems, CT calculations, Turbidity, Chemical Addition, DBPR Treatment Technique, Total Organic Carbon, Chlorine, and maintenance and/or abnormal occurrences. Consumer Confidence Report & CCR Certification of Delivery July 1 of each year *POE = Point of entry to the distribution system. Sample at each POE that is representative of source after treatment. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 26 200-121837-20003 2.4 FUTURE REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS 2.4.1 Contaminant Candidate List The SDWA amendments of 1996 set forth a cyclical process for EPA to identify "candidate" contaminants for possible regulation and then determine whether any meet SDWA requirements for being regulated. Collectively, this is referred to as the CCL/Regulatory Determination process. The Contaminant Candidate List is the starting point for EPA’s regulatory development process for new contaminants. The Safe Drinking Water Act requires the EPA to develop a list of potential contaminants to consider for regulation on every five years. EPA has published four (4) CCLs: CCL1 in 1998 – 60 contaminants; CCL2 in 2005 – 51 contaminants; CCL3 in 2009 – 116 contaminants, and CCL4 in 2016 – 109 contaminants. The CCLs are lists of contaminants that are currently not subject to any proposed or promulgated national primary drinking water regulations but are known or anticipated to occur in public water systems. Contaminants listed on the CCLs may require future regulation under the SDWA. On January 2021, EPA announced final regulatory determinations for contaminants on the CCL4. EPA is making final determinations to regulate two contaminants—PFOS and PFOA, in drinking water and to not regulate six contaminants—1,1-dichloroethane, acetochlor, methyl bromide (bromomethane), metolachlor, nitrobenzene, and RDX. EPA will initiate the process to develop a National Primary Drinking Water Regulation for PFOS and PFOA, which will include further analyses, scientific review, and opportunity for public comment. As reviewed previously, MassDEP has recently regulated these PFAS substances ahead of national regulations because of their severe potential health effects, particularly for vulnerable populations. EPA is beginning the development of the CCL5. The public was able to nominate contaminants by December 4, 2018. EPA is currently evaluating nominations and other contaminant data and information to publish a CCL5 for public review and comment. The SDWA requires the EPA to publish the CCL every five years; therefore, CCL5 is expected to be published in 2021. 2.4.2 Six-Year Review EPA reviews existing regulations every six years to determine whether they still adequately protect public health, given any new health effects information that may have become available. If revisions to a standard are warranted, they can be made provided that no existing standard is revised in a way that reduces protection of public health. In the first Six-Year Review of 2003, EPA reviewed 69 standards and decided to revise the Total Coliform Rule. Compliance with the revised Total Coliform Rule is not required until 2016. In the second Six-Year Review of 2010, EPA reviewed 71 standards and decided to revise four standards: trichloroethylene (TCE), tetrachloroethylene (PCE), epichlorohydrin and acrylamide. The revised standards for TCE and PCE were incorporated into the carcinogenic volatile organic chemicals group rule scheduled to be proposed. The timeframe for revising the epichlorohydrin and acrylamide standards is unclear at this time. In December 2016, the Third Six-Year Review was published which concluded that eight National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWRs) are candidates for regulatory revision. These included: Chlorite, Cryptosporidium, Haloacetic acids, Heterotrophic Bacteria, Giardia lamblia, Legionella, Total Trihalomethanes, and Viruses. The eight NPDWRs are included in the following rules: • Stage 1 and Stage 2 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rules, • Surface Water Treatment Rule, • Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, and • Long Term 1 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule. EPA is currently requesting public comment on the eight NPDWRs identified as candidates for revision. EPA will consider comments received in determining whether regulatory actions are necessary. There are no set revision dates to the eight NPDWRs. EPA has begun the fourth Six-Year Review process by conducting the initial step for Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 27 200-121837-20003 obtaining the necessary information to do a comprehensive review of the NPDWRs. On October 5, 2018, EPA published the Federal Register Notice announcing the proposed information collection request for contaminant occurrence data in support of the fourth Six-Year Review. The deadline for public comment was December 4, 2018. On October 31, 2019, the information collection request was submitted for review and additional public comment period and deadline of December 2, 2019 was announced. On June 3, 2020, EPA sent a request to primary agencies for the voluntary submission of contaminant occurrence data and treatment technique information collected from 2012 to 2019. The fourth Six-Year Review results are anticipated to be completed in early 2023. 2.4.3 Revised Aluminum Criteria in NPDES Permits The EPA first released freshwater criteria for aluminum in 1988 to protect aquatic life from harmful effects of aluminum toxicity. The existing criteria sets fixed values for aluminum of 750 μg/L acute and 87 μg/L chronic. Recently in 2018, EPA released the final report updating the aquatic life criteria for aluminum in freshwater that reflects the latest science on aluminum toxicity, which shows that pH, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and hardness can affect the bioavailability of aluminum in surface water (“2018 Final Aquatic Life Criteria for Aluminum in Freshwater”). As a result, EPA is proposing revised aluminum criteria based on the Aluminum Criteria Calculator that allows users to adjust the aluminum criteria to local conditions by entering site-specific values for pH, total hardness, and DOC to calculate the appropriate recommended freshwater acute and chronic criteria magnitudes using a multiple linear regression modelling approach (EPA, 2018). The calculator models the relationships between water chemistry (pH, DOC, and harness) and aluminum toxicity to calculate the criteria as illustrated conceptually in Figure 3-15. Figure 2-15. EPA Aluminum Criteria Calculator Schematic Based on EPA’s revised criteria, MassDEP is proposing the adoption of revised aluminum criteria into their 314 CMR 4.00: The Massachusetts Surface Water Quality Standards. The proposed rule revision adoption will be implemented by setting new aluminum permit limits within National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES)/Surface Water Discharge Permits. The revised criteria will require the use of either the Aluminum Criteria Calculator or watershed default criteria for determining permit limits. The requirements will depend on the availability of chemistry data for the waterbody as summarized below: • If appropriate chemistry data are available for the waterbody, the Aluminum Criteria Calculator will be used to calculate site-dependent criteria using water chemistry inputs (pH, DOC, and hardness) and to determine permit limits. • If appropriate chemistry data are not available for the waterbody, watershed default criteria will be used for determining permit limits. Along with these revisions to the Surface Water Quality Standards, MassDEP will be publishing an aluminum implementation guidance for the revised freshwater aluminum criteria in Spring/Summer 2021. The implementation guideline will provide useful information on the scientific premise of the revised criteria, data requirements, and the methodology used to calculate site-dependent criteria values. MassDEP recommends that facilities intending to undertake monitoring for the revised criteria contact the department early for input and guidance throughout the process. MassDEP will review and approve the procedures associated with monitoring, review reports to ensure required information is provided, and calculate final site-dependent criteria values based on information provided in Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 28 200-121837-20003 final reports. Only these final site-dependent aluminum criteria values will be used to determine permit effluent limits for aluminum, if required. In anticipation of these revisions, MassDEP partnered with the USGS in an Aluminum Monitoring Project. The objectives of the project were to collect water quality data at 12 freshwater sites in Massachusetts; and use the collected data to demonstrate a process for calculating aluminum criteria based on a site’s water chemistry using the EPA Aluminum Criteria Calculator. The Town’s Lily Pond water supply was included in the aluminum sampling and monitoring program. Preliminary results for Lily Pond from the monitoring project are presented in Table 2-6. Table 2-6. USGS-MassDEP Aluminum Study (2018-2019) Preliminary Results Facility Receiving Water Body Existing Aluminum Criteria (µg/L) Proposed Watershed Default Criteria Values (µg/L) Estimated Site- Dependent Criteria Values (µg/L)1 Chronic/Acute Chronic Acute Chronic Acute Chronic Acute Cohasset PWA Lily Pond 87 750 460 1,200 74 120 1. More data points needed to finalize calculations of site dependent criteria values for use in permits. Criteria values do not equal NPDES permit limits, as additional steps are taken to determine the permit limit. The Town met with MassDEP on February 24, 2021 to discuss the revised aluminum water quality criteria, review results of the USGS-MassDEP aluminum study, review the planed implementation of the revised aluminum criteria in NPDES permits, review treatment plant operations relevant to aluminum, and offer technical assistance. Based on the meeting discussions, the first individual NPDES/Surface Water Discharge permits may be issued to facilities in the next 1 to 2 years (possibly later). MassDEP anticipates that these permits will have aluminum limits based on watershed default criteria due to insufficient data available for site-dependent criteria. The permits will also include monitoring to support future calculations of site-dependent criteria. The next NPDES/Surface Water Discharge permit cycle is estimated to occur at least 6 to 7 years from 2021; and would likely have aluminum limits based on site-dependent criteria. Considering the historical Lily Pond WTP aluminum data presented in Table 2-7, the Lily Pond WTP is anticipated to meet future discharge permit limits based on the watershed default criteria for Lily Pond. However, if the preliminary results from the MassDEP-USGS study are representative of the potential site-dependent criteria value, mitigation action will likely be required in the future to meet the permit limits based on the site-dependent criteria value. Table 2-7. Cohasset Lily Pond WTP Historical Aluminum Data (January 2016 – January 2021) Total Recoverable Aluminum (µg/L) Minimum 0 Average 100 Maximum 362 Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 29 200-121837-20003 2.5 CURRENT AND FUTURE COMPLIANCE REVIEW 2.5.1 Current Water Quality and Compliance A summary of the Town’s compliance summary data from the 2019 Water Quality Report is provided in Tables 2-8 through 2-14. The data demonstrates that the Town is in compliance with drinking water standards. The treatment processes achieve good microbial inactivation, particulate control, adequate organic removal and DBP management, and an effective corrosion control strategy. While the new lead and coper rule was not in effect during sampling, the 2019 sampling results (11 µg/L lead) if observed in future samplings could impact action needs based on the new LCR as discussed in the following future considerations section. Additionally, while the Town is in compliance with regulated disinfection byproducts, the seasonal variability in raw and finished water TOC can cause the potential to produce varying levels of TTHMs and individual samples approaching or exceeding the TTHM limit. Due to the potential for DBP formation of the organic laden Lily Pond water supply, the Town conducted a GAC pilot study from August 2020 through January 2021. Further discussion regarding regulated DBP management and next steps is provided in the following future considerations section. Table 2-8. 2019 Microbial Compliance Sampling Results Microbial Contaminants Date Sampled MCL MCLG Highest Level Detected Range of Detection Violation? (Y/N) Coliform Bacteria Monthly 2019 One positive monthly sample for systems that collect less than 40 samples 0 0 0 N Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 30 200-121837-20003 Table 2-9. 2019 Inorganic Compliance Sampling Results Inorganic Contaminants Date Sampled MCL MCLG Highest Level Detected Range of Detection Violation? (Y/N) Fluoride (ppm) Monthly 2019 4(1) 4 0.9 0.5-0.9 N Nitrate (ppm) 2019 10 0 2.42 0.16-2.42 N Barium (ppm) 2019 2 2 0.021 0.018-0.021 N Chromium (ppb) 2019 100 6 ND-6 N Perchlorate (ppb) 2019 2 N/A 0.21 ND-.21 N Note: Fluoride also has an optimal level of 0.7 ppm and a secondary MCL of 2 ppm. Table 2-10. 2019 Disinfectant/Disinfectant Byproducts Compliance Sampling Results Disinfectant and Disinfection Byproducts Date Sampled Highest Running Average Range Detected MCL or MRDL MCLG or MRDLG Violation? (Y/N) Total Trihalomethanes (TTHMs) (ppb) Quarterly, 2019 75 18-120 80 N Haloacetic Acids (HAA5) (ppb) Quarterly, 2019 43 1.7-82 60 N Chlorine (ppm) (free) 8 times per Month 0.42(1) 0.03-1.38 4 4 N Note: Highest monthly average. Table 2-11. 2019 Radioactive Contaminants Compliance Sampling Results Radioactive Contaminants Date Sampled Highest Level Detected Range Detected MCL or MRDL MCLG or MRDLG Violation? (Y/N) Gross Alpha (pCi/l) 9/12/16 ND 15 0 N Radium 226 & 228 (pCi/l) 9/12/16 0.76 ND-0.76 5 0 N Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 31 200-121837-20003 Table 2-12. 2019 Lead and Copper Compliance Sampling Results Lead & Copper(1) Date Sampled 90th Percentile Action Level MCLG # sites above AL # sites sampled Lead (ppb) Jul – Sep 2019 11 15 0 0 24 Copper (ppm) Jul – Sep 2019 0.216 1.3 1.3 0 24 Note: 1. Reduction in frequency for Lead & Copper sampling to every 3 years. Table 2-13. 2019 Filter Performance Compliance Sampling Results Turbidity TT Lowest Monthly % of Samples Highest Monthly Value Violation? (Y/N) Monthly Maximum (NTU) 1.0 NTU(1) -- 0.50 No Monthly Compliance (NTU) 0.3 NTU(2) 97% -- No Notes: • Maximum turbidity limit that the system may not exceed at any time during the month. • Monthly turbidity compliance is related to a specific treatment technique (TT). The system filters the water so that at least 95% of our samples each month must be less than or equal to 0.3 NTU. Table 2-14. 2019 Secondary and ORSG Contaminant Sampling Results Contaminants Date Sampled Highest Level Detected Range of Detection Average Detected SMCL Health Advisory ORSG Sodium (ppm) 2019 75 37-75 56 -- -- 20 Nickel (ppb) 2019 76 54-76 65 -- -- 100 Cyanotoxins 2018-2019 ND -- -- -- -- -- Manganese (ppb) 2017 82 ND-82 -- 50 300 -- Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 32 200-121837-20003 2.5.2 Future Water Quality Considerations 2.5.1.1 Disinfection Byproducts The Town with the assistance of Tetra Tech conducted a GAC pilot study from August 2020 through January 2021 to collect the data necessary to assess the treatment performance and operational requirements of integrating GAC treatment downstream of the existing filtration process at the Lily Pond WTP. The GAC treatment is intended to perform as a polishing process to remove additional dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from the treated, filtered water to reduce formation of DBPs in the distribution system and remove trace organic compounds, such as PFAS. The purpose of the pilot test is to obtain information to investigate the removal efficiency of the GAC contactors, develop design criteria for the full scale design and determine the required carbon change out frequency to maintain the removal of TOC to control the level of disinfection byproduct (DBP) formation. The GAC pilot system consisted of four (4) columns arranged as two (2) separate and parallel trains—Train A and Train B. Each of the GAC pilot trains were arranged in two (2) GAC contactor columns in series for a total of four (4) GAC columns mounted on a pilot skid. The two Trains A and B were operated at two different empty bed contact times (EBCTs) of 12-15 minutes and 20 minutes, respectively. Over the course of the pilot, the team conducted weekly water quality sample collection and operational monitoring to gauge treatment performance. The data was then analyzed to determine the organic removal efficiency for DBP control and develop recommendations relative to the design of a full-scale system in terms of the DOC removal required, EBCT, bed depth, and carbon change- out frequency. The recommendations for a full-scale system will be included into the Lily Pond WTP Capital Improvements Plan (Section 9.0). A summary of the GAC pilot testing methods, results, conclusions, and recommendations are being compiled into a GAC Pilot Testing Report. The report will be submitted to MassDEP as part of the WS 21: Approval to Conduct Pilot study and WS 22: Approval of Pilot Study Report requirements. 2.5.2.2 Lead and Copper The lead result for the 2019 sampling round of 11 µg/L was slightly above the new lead trigger level of greater than 10 µg/L and less than or equal to 15 µg/L for the 90th percentile of samples. If the 90th percentile results fall within the new lead trigger level range in future sampling rounds, the Town will need to coordinate with MassDEP to determine whether further action is needed. According to the new rule requirements for small systems (≤10,000 people), the following actions may be needed with 90th Percentile results > 10 µg/L: • Town can coordinate with MassDEP for selecting approach to address lead, including corrosion control treatment, lead service line replacement, provision and maintenance of point-of-use devices, or replace all lead-bearing plumbing materials. • Sampling frequency may be increased to yearly. Based on the 2016 EPA Optimal Corrosion Control Treatment Evaluation Technical Recommendations, the technical recommendation for corrosion control treatment (CCT) is to add orthophosphate. Current corrosion control treatment at the Lily Pond WTP consists adding a blended phosphate that includes poly and orthophosphate. This strategy, which includes an orthophosphate component, generally satisfies the EPA treatment recommendations. Based on this, it is not anticipated that a change in corrosion control treatment would be required. Relative to the distribution system, the new rule will require that the Town develop a lead service line inventory or demonstrate absence of lead service lines within the first three (3) years of final rule publication. The new rule may also require the Town to re-evaluate the lead sampling locations and also conduct additional lead sampling from elementary schools and childcare facilities. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 33 200-121837-20003 2.5.2.3 PFAS The Town conducted preliminary PFAS sampling from their distribution system entry points prior to the PFAS regulations taking effect to examine if PFAS would be detected in the water system. Table 2-15 summarizes the results for the regulated PFAS6 compounds collected from the Lily Pond WTP, Ellms Meadow, and Hingham interconnect points of entry. The PFAS6 results from the Lily Pond WTP and Hingham point of entries were below half of the newly adopted 20 ng/L MCL. The PFAS6 levels for the Lily Pond WTP treated water were also found to remain below half of the MCL during the GAC pilot water quality monitoring for PFAS6. While providing future GAC treatment at the Lily Pond WTP will help further lower PFAS6 levels, the current PFAS6 levels are below the 10 ng/L MassDEP goal. On the other hand, the PFAS6 results from the Ellms Meadow point of entry were found to be greater than 10 ng/L in three of the samples and greater than the 20 ng/L MCL in one of the samples. Although the PFAS6 results from the Lily Pond WTP and Hingham interconnect demonstrate that finished water blended in the distribution system could be below 10 ng/L, reducing the PFAS6 levels at Ellms Meadow would allow a consistent supply of higher quality water throughout the entire service area. In response, the Town applied for and was granted financial assistance from MassDEP to perform a rapid small scale column test (RSSCT) investigation and prepare design plans and specifications for additional treatment to reduce the levels of PFAS6 at the Ellms Meadow wellfield prior to distribution. Table 2-15. PFAS6 Results Parameter Lily Pond WTP Point of Entry Ellms Meadow Point of Entry Whitney Crossing / Hingham Interconnect Point of Entry Sample Date 6/30/2020 9/2/2020 6/30/2020 9/2/2020 1/08/2021 6/30/2020 9/2/2020 PFHpA 1.6 (J) 1.36 (J) 1.4 (J) 1.68 (J) 2.12 1.5 (J) 1.56 (J) PFHxS 0.92 (J) 0.733 (J) 3.5 3.79 3.65 1.1(J) 0.728 (J) PFOA 4.3 3.74 5.6 6.75 7.68 4.4 4.18 PFNA 0.72 (J) 0.733 (J) 1 (J) 0.572 (J) 2.24 0.72 (J) 0.8 (J) PFOS 3.5 3.7 8.9 8.4 10.1 4 3.06 PFDA ND ND ND ND ND ND ND PFAS6 7.8 7.44 18.0 18.9 25.8 8.4 7.24 Notes: 1. ND = Not detected. 2. Italics (J) represent qualifier estimated results that are below the method the reporting limit but above the method detection limit. 3. Sum of PFOS, PFOA, PFHxS, PFNA, PFHpA and PFDA includes results at or above the MRL; and does not include estimated results as described by a qualifier. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 34 200-121837-20003 3.0 CAPACITY ANALYSIS 3.1 OVERVIEW To set the stage for necessary improvements to the Lily Pond WTP, it is important to first evaluate the existing capacity of the supply and treatment facilities. Water systems have both general and specific requirements for the design of water supply, treatment, disinfection, high service pumping, chemical feed, and sludge management facilities as required by MassDEP, engineering sources, and industry standards. These design criteria, described in the sections below, form the basis for evaluating the capacity of the water supply and treatment components. The capacity of the water supply, treatment, disinfection, high service pumping, chemical feed, and sludge management was evaluated by comparing the existing installed capacity to the capacity required to meet the demand-based water system average, maximum day, and peak flows. 3.2 EXISTING CONDITIONS The Town of Cohasset Water Department provides potable water service to 7,523 service area residents and “wheeled” water to the Linden Ponds senior living community in nearby Hingham through the Hingham/Hull distribution system from a combination of treated surface water and groundwater sources. The single surface water source is treated by a conventional coagulation-clarification-filtration treatment process with free chlorine disinfection at the Lily Pond Water Treatment Plant (WTP). The single groundwater source is supplied from the Ellms Meadow Wellfield. The wellfield pumps groundwater from a shallow glacial valley aquifer located along James Brook, which runs through the most heavily developed portion of the Town. To manage both water quality and demands, the Town targets an approximate 85% to 15% combination from the Lily Pond and Ellms Meadow sources, respectively. However, in light of recently uncovered PFAS levels above the MassDEP regulatory limits, the Ellms Meadow Wellfield source has been temporarily placed offline. In response, the Town applied for and was granted financial assistance from MassDEP to perform a rapid small scale column test (RSSCT) investigation and prepare design plans and specifications for additional treatment to reduce the levels of PFAS6 at the Ellms Meadow wellfield prior to distribution. The Town’s allowable maximum water withdrawal from the individual water sources is regulated by the Final Renewed Water Management Act Permit (#9P4-4-21-065.01) issued by MassDEP on July 19, 2016. As summarized in Table 4-1. The maximum authorized daily withdrawal rates for the Ellms Meadow Wellfield and Lily Pond are 0.17 MGD and 3.0 MGD, respectively. Additionally, the permit sets the current permitted maximum annual average withdrawal rate to 0.95 MGD over five year increments through 2030 as listed in Table 4-2. The Town will need to apply for a new permit if annual withdrawals exceed 0.95 MGD. Based on the original “Cohasset Water Supply Improvements Program” dated 1978 – 1979, the Lily Pond WTP was designed to treat an average flow of 1.2 MGD and a peak flow of 3.0 MGD. The current average day demand is approximately 0.8 MGD; and current summer-time maximum day and peak flows are approximately 1.6 MGD and 2.4 MGD, respectively. A summary of these existing conditions is summarized in Table 4-3. To treat and supply the flows needed to meet these water demands, the Lily Pond WTP relies on the following major water supply, treatment, and sludge management processes and facilities: • Lily Pond Raw Water Intake Structure with Bar Screening Pretreatment • Raw Water Transfer Pumping • Iron and Manganese Chemical Pretreatment • Coagulation (Rapid Mix) Basins with Mechanical Mixing • Flocculation (Slow Mix) Basins with Paddle Mixing Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 35 200-121837-20003 • Sedimentation Basins with Tube Settlers • Dual-Media Rapid Filtration • Disinfection within Clearwell • Finished Water/High Service Pumping • Filter Backwash Pumping • Process Wastewater Sludge Pumping • Sludge Lagoons • Chemical Feed Systems o Sodium Permanganate for Iron, Manganese and colorremoval o Pre-Sodium Hydroxide for Pretreatment pH Adjustment o Ferric Chloride Coagulant o Polyaluminum Chloride o Polymer Flocculant Aid o Solution Feed Gas Chlorination for Primary and Secondary Disinfection o Post-Sodium Hydroxide for Posttreatment pH Adjustment o Blended Phosphate Corrosion Control o Fluoride Addition for Tooth Decay Prevention Descriptions of these existing water supply, treatment, sludge management, and chemical feed facilities are presented in Tables 3-4, 3-5, and 3-6. Table 3-1. Permitted Maximum Authorized Daily Withdrawal Rates Source PWS Source ID Approved Maximum Daily Rate (MGD) Ellms Meadow Wellfield 4065000-02G 0.17 Lily Pond 4065000-02S 3.0 Note: • Source: Final WMA Permit 9P4-4-21-065.01 (July 19, 2016). Table 3-2. Permitted Existing Authorized Rate Permit Period Existing Authorized Rates (MGD)1 2015 - 2020 0.95 2020 - 2025 0.95 2025 - 2030 0.95 Note: 1. Source: Final WMA Permit 9P4-4-21-065.01 (July 19, 2016). Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 36 200-121837-20003 Table 3-3. Current Demands and Installed Facility Capacities Scenario Current Value Total Installed Average Day Demand 0.80 MGD 1.2 MGD Maximum Day Capacity 1.6 MGD 2.4 MGD Peak Demand 2.4 MGD 3.0 MGD Note: • Sources: “Cohasset Water Supply Improvements Program” 1978 – 1979 (Consulting Engineers SEA Consultants Inc. Engineers/Planners Boston, Ma.) and Historical Water Demands further presented in Section 5.3.) Table 3-4. Surface Water Supply Parameter Existing Value or Description Raw Water Intake Number of Raw Water Intake Compartments Two (2) Intake Cross-Section Area, Each 40 ft2 Intake Cross-Section Area, Total 80 ft2 Intake Structure Volume, Firm 5,610 gallons Intake Structure Volume, Total 8,303 gallons Screening Quantity and Type Two (2) Coarse Bar-screens Sluice Gates Quantity and Size Two (2) 36” x 36” Draining Sump Pumps Two (2) 15 HP Pumps Raw Water Transfer Pumping Number of Pumps 2 + 1 Standby Unit Pump Capacity 1.728 MGD Firm Pumping Capacity (2 pumps in service) 3.46 MGD Total Pumping Capacity (3 pumps in service) 5.18 MGD Note: • Firm indicates capacity with the largest unit out of service. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 37 200-121837-20003 Table 3-5. Treatment Facilities Unit Operation/Process Existing Value or Description Pretreatment – Sodium Permanganate Purpose Iron, Manganese and color removal. Also odor an taste. Chemical 20% Sodium Permanganate Chemical Specific Gravity 1.16 Typical Dose Range 0.5 to 3.5 mg/L Typical Average Dose 1.5 mg/L Chemical Feed Pumps 1 + 1 Standby Chemical Feed Pump Unit Capacity 2.5 gph Bulk Storage Type Polyethylene Vertical Cylinder Bulk Storage Volume 300 gallons Day Tank Type Polyethylene Day Tank, Vertical Cylinder Day Tank Volume 75 gallons Storage Time, Average 58 days Pretreatment – Sodium Hydroxide Purpose pH Adjustment for Iron and Manganese Oxidation Chemical 25% Sodium Hydroxide Chemical Specific Gravity 1.28 Typical Dose Range 5 to 16 mg/L Typical Average Dose 9.8 mg/L Chemical Feed Pumps 1 + 1 Standby Chemical Feed Pump Unit Capacity 10 gph Day Tank Transfer Pump (for pre & post) One (1) 28 gpm and 27.2 ft maximum head Bulk Storage Type Polyethylene Vertical Cylinder Bulk Storage Volume 1,900 gallons (shared with post-sodium hydroxide feed) Day Tank Type Polyethylene Day Tank, Vertical Cylinder Day Tank Volume 200 gallons (dedicated) Storage Time, Average 44.7 days (including post-sodium hydroxide feed) Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 38 200-121837-20003 Table 3-5. Treatment Facilities (Cont’d) Unit Operation/Process Existing Value or Description Coagulation – Rapid Mix Number of Rapid Mix Basins 2 Basin Volume, Each 530 gallons Basin Volume, Total 1,060 gallons Rapid Mixer Type Mechanical Mixer – Philadelphia Mixing Solutions Number of Rapid Mixers 2 Rapid Mixer Horsepower 3 HP Velocity Gradient, G 2,003 1/s Firm Rapid Mix Detention Time 57 seconds Total Rapid Mix Detention Time 29 seconds Flocculation – Slow Mix Number of Flocculation Basins 2 Basin Volume, Each 20,735 gallons Basin Volume, Total 41,469 gallons Rapid Mixer Type Horizontal Flocculator Paddles Number of Flocculator Paddle Sections 2 Flocculation Mixer Horsepower 1 HP Firm Flocculation Detention Time 37 minutes Total Flocculation Mix Detention Time 19 minutes Sedimentation Number of Sedimentation Basins 2 Basin Surface Area, Each 492 ft2 Basin Surface Area, Total 984 ft2 Basin Volume, Each 38,642 gallons Basin Volume, Total 77,283 gallons Sedimentation Type Rectangular Upflow with Tube Settlers (2 ft height) Sedimentation Basin Surface Loading Rate, Firm (gpm/ft2) 2.3 gpm/ft2 Sedimentation Basin Surface Loading Rate, Total (gpm/ft2) 1.1 gpm/ft2 Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 39 200-121837-20003 Table 3-5. Treatment Facilities (Cont’d) Unit Operation/Process Existing Value or Description Filtration Number of Filters 3 Basin Surface Area, Each 169 ft2 Filter Surface Area, Firm 338 ft2 Filter Surface Area, Total 507 ft2 Filter Type Dual Media Anthracite/Sand Rapid Filtration Filter Loading Rate, Firm 3.3 gpm/ft2 Filter Loading Rate, Total 2.2 gpm/ft2 Number of Backwash Pumps 2 Unit Backwash Pump Capacity, Each 3,400 gpm Total Backwash Pump Capacity 6,800 gpm Total Dynamic Head 30 ft Motor Horsepower 30 HP Backwash Rate Per Filter with One Pump 20 gpm/ft2 Disinfection Type Baffled Clearwell Clearwell Volume 130,000 gallons Clearwell Baffling Factor 0.73 Inlet and Outlet Pipe Volume 8,477 gallons Pipe Baffling Factor (assume plug flow) 1.0 Design Free Chlorine Residual 0.6 mg/L Design Minimum Temperature 5 deg-C Design pH 7.0 Calculated CT @ Peak Hour Demand 28.5 mg/L-min 310 CMR 22.20A CT Required (Typical) 24 mg/L-min High Service Pumping Number of High Service Pumps 2 + 1 Jockey Pump Unit High Service Pump Capacity, Each 2,100 gpm High Service Pump Motor Horsepower 150 HP Jockey Pump Capacity 500 gpm Jockey Pump Motor Horsepower 40 HP High Service Pumping Capacity, Firm 2,600 gpm High Service Pumping Capacity, Total 4,700 gpm Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 40 200-121837-20003 Table 3-5. Treatment Facilities (Cont’d) Unit Operation/Process Existing Value or Description Process Wastewater/Backwash Water Pump Station Number of Wastewater Pumps 2 Unit Wastewater Pump Capacity, Each 3,403 gpm (4.9 MGD) Wastewater Pump TDH 30 feet Wastewater Pump Motor Horsepower 30 HP Wastewater Wetwell Volume 9,166 gallons Sludge Management – Sludge Removal Number of Sludge Removal Systems 2 Sludge Removal System Type Chain & Flight Sludge Removal Mechanisms Mud Valve at Bottom of Sloped Hopper & Pedestal Valve Above Sludge Management – Sludge Lagoons Number of Sludge Lagoons 2 Size of Lagoons, Each 99-ft L x 53-ft W x 6-ft D Effective Lagoon Area, Each 5,247 ft2 Lagoon Capacity, Each 236,115 gallons Lagoon Capacity, Total 472,230 gallons Unit Wastewater Pump Capacity, Each 3,403 gpm (4.9 MGD) Estimated Sludge Quantity, Average 365 lbs/day Sludge Collection/Removal Type Sludge Pumping into Water Permeable Geo-Bag Sludge Disposal Type Periodic Pick-up and Disposal of Sludge Collected in Geo-Bag by Third Party Contractor Note: 1. Firm indicates capacity with the largest unit out of service. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 41 200-121837-20003 Table 3-6. Additional Chemical Feed Systems Unit Operation/Process Existing Value or Description Coagulation – Ferric Chloride Purpose Coagulation Chemical 40% Ferric Chloride Chemical Specific Gravity 1.27 Typical Dose Range 1 to 6 mg/L Typical Average Dose 3.3 mg/L Chemical Feed Pumps 1 + 1 (high and low range capacity) Chemical Feed Pump #1 Unit Capacity 1.0 gph Chemical Feed Pump #2 Unit Capacity 4.0 gph Storage Type Polyethylene Vertical Cylinder Storage Volume 80 gallons Storage Time, Average 15 days Delivery Ferric Chloride Solution Drums Coagulation – Polyaluminum Chloride Purpose Coagulation Chemical 100% Polyaluminum Chloride Chemical Specific Gravity 1.27 Typical Dose Range 90 to 220 mg/L Typical Average Dose 146.2 mg/L Chemical Feed Pumps 3 (2 + 1 Standby) Chemical Feed Pump Unit Capacity 14.4 gph Day Tank Transfer Pump One (1) End-suction pump Bulk Storage Type Horizontal Fiberglass Bulk Storage Volume 6,000 gallons Day Tank Type Polyethylene Day Tank, Vertical Cylinder Day Tank Volume 200 gallons (dedicated) Storage Time, Average 65 days Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 42 200-121837-20003 Table 3-6. Additional Chemical Feed Systems (Cont’d) Unit Operation/Process Existing Value or Description Flocculation – Polymer Purpose Flocculation Enhancement System Type Excell Feeders Model 6014PC-18031 Chemical 100% Polydyne CLARIFLOC® N-6310 Chemical Specific Gravity 1.00 Dilution Factor 0.5% (0.005) Typical Dose Range 0.2 to 1.5 mg/L Typical Average Dose 1.0 mg/L Chemical Feed Pumps 3 (2 + 1 Standby) Chemical Feed Pump #1 Unit Capacity 10 gph Chemical Feed Pump #2 & 3 Capacity 8.2 gph Transfer Pump One (1) Magnetic drive pump Neat Polymer Storage Tank Capacity 5 gallons Diluted Polymer Storage Tank Type Polyethylene Tank, Vertical Cylinder Diluted Polymer Storage Tank Capacity 50 gallons Disinfection – Pre-Chlorine Upstream of Clearwell Purpose Primary Disinfection Chemical 100% Chlorine Gas Typical Dose Range 1 to 3 mg/L Typical Average Dose 1.6 mg/L Chlorine Feed Type Capital Controls Gas Feeder with Solution Feed Injector Chlorine Feeder Quantity 1 + 1 Standby (Shared with Post-Cl2) Chlorine Feeder Capacity 60 – 90 lbs/day Chlorine Solution Delivery Solenoid Valve with Flow Pacing Storage Type Chlorine Gas Cylinders Online Storage Capacity Four (4) 150 lbs (600 lbs) Max Allowable Spare Cylinders (Total) Four (4) 150 lbs (600 lbs) Storage Time, Average 56 days (online cylinders) Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 43 200-121837-20003 Table 3-6. Additional Chemical Feed Systems (Cont’d) Unit Operation/Process Existing Value or Description Disinfection – Post-Chlorine Downstream of Finished Water Pumps Purpose Secondary Disinfection Chemical 100% Chlorine Gas Typical Dose Range 0.5 to 2.5 mg/L Typical Average Dose 1.5 mg/L Chlorine Feed Type Capital Controls Gas Feeder with Solution Feed Injector Chlorine Feeder Quantity 1 + 1 Standby (Shared with Pre-Cl2) Chlorine Feeder Capacity 60 – 90 lbs/day Chlorine Solution Delivery Two (2) Booster Pumps at 140 psi Storage Type Chlorine Gas Cylinders Online Storage Capacity Two (2) 150 lbs (300 lbs) Max Allowable Spare Cylinders (Total) Four (4) 150 lbs (600 lbs) Storage Time, Average 30 days (online cylinders) Post-treatment – Sodium Hydroxide (downstream of finished water pumps) Purpose pH Adjustment and Stabilization Chemical 25% Sodium Hydroxide Chemical Specific Gravity 1.28 Typical Dose Range 6 to 9 mg/L Typical Average Dose 7.2 mg/L Chemical Feed Pumps 1 + 1 Standby Chemical Feed Pump Unit Capacity 6.6 gph Day Tank Transfer Pump (for pre & post) One (1) 28 gpm and 27.2 ft maximum head Bulk Storage Type Polyethylene Vertical Cylinder Bulk Storage Volume 1,900 gallons (shared with post-sodium hydroxide feed) Day Tank Type Polyethylene Day Tank, Vertical Cylinder Day Tank Volume 200 gallons (dedicated) Storage Time, Average 44.7 days (including post-sodium hydroxide feed) Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 44 200-121837-20003 Table 3-6. Additional Chemical Feed Systems (Cont’d) Unit Operation/Process Existing Value or Description Post-treatment – Blended Phosphate Post Filtration prior to Chlorine Purpose Corrosion Control Chemical 34% Blended Phosphate Aquadene TM SK-7641 Chemical Specific Gravity 1.36 Typical Dose Range 0.9 to 3.0 mg/L Typical Average Dose 2.5 mg/L Chemical Feed Pumps Two (2) Chemical Feed Pump #1 Unit Capacity 0.58 gph Chemical Feed Pump #2 Unit Capacity 0.42 gph Storage Type Polyethylene Vertical Cylinder Storage Volume 80 gallons Storage Time, Average 18.5 days Post-Treatment – Fluoride Addition Downstream of Finished Water Pumps Purpose Tooth decay prevention System Type Fluoride Saturator Chemical 95% Sodium Fluoride Saturator Pounds of Active Fluoride per Gallon of Saturator Make-up Water 0.07 lb/day Typical Dose Range 0.1 to 0.7 mg/L Typical Average Dose 0.5 mg/L Chemical Feed Pumps 1 + 1 Standby Chemical Feed Pump Unit Capacity 10 gph Saturator Storage Tank Type Polyethylene Vertical Cylinder Saturator Storage Tank Capacity 50 gallons Note: • Firm indicates capacity with the largest unit out of service. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 45 200-121837-20003 3.3 HISTORICAL WATER DEMANDS A summary of the potable water demands for the Cohasset water system were collected from historical water production data for the period of 2016 through 2020. Table 3-7 presents the historical total average daily demand (ADD), maximum day demand (MDD), and minimum month demand (MMD) for the Cohasset water system. A corresponding time series graph showing these historical water demands is presented in Figure 3-1. As demonstrated in Figure 3-1, the Cohasset water system exhibits seasonal variation in water demands. Maximum day and peak demands occur during the high-demand summer months; and lower demands occur during the winter months. To manage both water quality and demands (particularly during the summer), the Town typically targets an approximate 85% to 15% combination from the Lily Pond and Ellms Meadow sources, respectively. The maximum to average demand (MDD:ADD) and minimum month demand (MMD:ADD) factors for the system are also included in Table 3-7. As shown in Table 3-7, the highest average water demand for the Cohasset water system occurred in 2020. Increases in water demand during 2020 can be attributed to the COVID-19 pandemic as stay at home orders and a shift to working from home have increased home water usage. Prior to the ongoing pandemic however, the potable water demand from the Cohasset water system has historically remained relatively constant, averaging around 0.78 MGD. These relatively constant historical water demands are due to a steady, slowly growing service area population and conservation efforts to reduce water consumption in the area. Including the 2020 flows, the average day demand over the past five years is approximately 0.8 MGD. The historical MDD:ADD ratio for the Cohasset water system has ranged from 1.9 to 2.3 with an average factor of about 2.0. The minimum month to average demand (MMD:ADD) ratio was observed as 0.6 to 0.7, on average. The current maximum hourly rate from the Lily Pond WTP is approximately 2.4 MGD, which corresponds to a current peak hour factor of 3.0 times the average day demand. The design peak hour factor based on the original basis of design for the facility is 2.5. A summary of the system demand factors is Table 3-8. Table 3-7. Cohasset Water System Historical Demand Summary Demand 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Average (2016 – 2019) Average (2016 – 2020) Average Day Demand (ADD) 778,328 756,182 809,592 785,783 895,272 782,471 805,031 Maximum Day Demand (MDD) 1,700,817 1,461,400 1,601,125 1,525,466 2,072,941 1,572,202 1,672,350 Minimum Month Demand (MMD) 514,442 474,278 517,194 534,680 397,132 510,148 487,545 MDD:ADD Factor 2.2 1.9 2.0 1.9 2.3 2.0 2.1 MMD:ADD Factor 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.4 0.7 0.6 Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 46 200-121837-20003 Figure 3-1. Cohasset Water System Historical Flows Table 3-8. Assumed Peaking Factors for Water System Planning Peaking Factor Planning Value Minimum Month 0.7 Maximum Day 2.0 Current Peak Hour 3.0 Design Peak Hour 2.51 Note: • Design peak hour flow factor based on original basis of design of facility of 3.0 MGD maximum rate and 1.2 MGD average rate. 3.4 FUTURE WATER PROJECTIONS With the renewal of the Water Management Act Permit (No. 9P4-4-21-064.01), the MassDEP regulated Cohasset’s water production to limit nonessential water use, thus lowering the residential gallons per capita day (RGPCD) standard from 80 gallons per capita-day to 65 gallons or less. Additionally, the performance standard for unaccounted-for-water (UAW) was reduced from 15% to 10%. Compliance with the RGPCD and UAW requirements were required by December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2019, respectively. 0 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 2,000,000 2,500,000 3,000,000 Jul-15 Jan-16 Aug-16 Mar-17 Sep-17 Apr-18 Oct-18 May-19 Dec-19 Jun-20 Jan-21 Jul-21Flow (GPD)Date ADD MDD Peak Hour Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 47 200-121837-20003 The MassDEP Department of Conservation and Recreation, Office of Water Resources (DCR) developed future water needs forecasts for Cohasset based on the regulated 65 RGPCD and assuming a 10 percent unaccounted- for water, which is representative of possible leaks in the distribution system. The water predictions developed by the DRC are summarized in Table 3-9. A combined summary of historical and forecasted water needs are presented in Figure 3-2. The corresponding permitted maximum and average rates are also shown in Figure 3-2. Overall, the 3.0 MGD maximum permitted withdrawal rate is sufficient to meet peak flows throughout the 2030 forecast. Based on the water need projections, the Town may need to consider applying for an increase in the authorized annual average withdrawal rate of 0.95 MGD for projected high demands around 2022. Since current average demands are approximately 0.8 MGD, it is recommended that the Town continue to monitor average daily demands to determine if or when a modification of the authorized annual average withdrawal rate may be necessary. The water forecast was developed for the needs of the Cohasset population and for the Linden Ponds retirement community in Hingham, MA with which Cohasset is under contract to supply up to 0.306 MGD of water via an interconnect with the Aquarion Water Company. Additionally, there were considerations in the demand projections to include a portion of the Aquarion/Hingham distribution system located in North Cohasset. Consequently, these potential customers that would exert an additional water demand of approximately 0.065 MGD were added to the projections for the Cohasset water system. Water use predictions from 2021 to 2025 for existing customers (the Cohasset system and the Linden Ponds retirement community) is 0.98 MGD. If including the potential takeover of North Cohasset, the total water demand is approximately 1.041 MGD. The predicted water demand reduces from 1.041 to 1.031 MGD for the 2026 to 2030 period, representing an assumed 1 percent decrease in estimated water needs. For the following 2026 to 2013 period, the demands are projected as 1.064 MGD and include a 5 percent safety factor to account for increases in the Town’s service area population. Table 3-9. DCR Water Needs Forecast for Cohasset Description1,2 2021-2025 (MGD) 2026-2030 (MGD) 2026-2030 + 5% Buffer for Town (MGD) Flow Scenario ADD MDD3 Peak Hour4 ADD MDD3 Peak Hour4 ADD MDD3 Peak Hour4 DCR Projection for Cohasset System 0.670 1.34 2.01 0.660 1.32 1.98 0.693 1.386 2.079 Sales to Linden Ponds via Aquarion 0.306 0.306 0.306 0.306 0.306 0.306 0.306 0.306 0.306 Potential Takeover of North Cohasset 0.065 0.13 0.195 0.065 0.13 0.195 0.065 0.13 0.195 Total Forecast 1.041 1.776 2.32 1.031 1.756 2.51 1.064 1.822 2.58 Notes: 1. Demand projections/forecast retrieved from the Town’s Water Management Act Permit (No. 9P4-4-21-064.01). 2. Demand projections/forecast assume a 65 RGPCD and 10% unaccounted-for water. 3. MDD based on 2.0 peaking factor. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 48 200-121837-20003 4. Peak hour based on 3.0 peaking factor. Figure 3-2. Historical and Forecasted Water Needs 3.5 CAPACITY AND PROCESS REVIEW A capacity and process evaluation was performed to determine the effective capacities of the existing major unit processes, facilities, and chemical feed systems. The effective capacities were determined using standard engineering design values, equipment data, design data, basin dimensions, and information gathered through discussions with the WTP operations and maintenance team. The analysis considered both total and firm (largest unit out of service) capacities. The total and firm effective capacities were analyzed to assess the ability of the unit processes to meet current demands and the rated capacity of the WTP based on the following scale: a. Adequate: Actual capacity is 100% or greater than the rated capacity. b. Marginal: Actual capacity is 90% to <100% of the rated capacity. c. Not Adequate: Actual capacity is <90% of the rated capacity. The capacity and process evaluation encompassed the following processes and unit operations: 1. Intake Structure 2. Raw Water Pumps 3. Rapid Mix Basins 4. Flocculation Tanks 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024 2026 2028 2030 2032Water Flow (MGD)Year Lily Pond Approved Maximum Daily Rate (MGD)Existing Authorized Rate, Average (MGD) Lily Pond Summer Maximum Hourly Rate (MGD)Maximum Day Demand (MGD) Average Day Demand (MGD) MDD ADD Approved Max Day Withdrawal Authorized Average Rate Peak Hour Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 49 200-121837-20003 5. Sedimentation Basins 6. Filters 7. Filter Backwash Pumps 8. Process Wastewater Pumps 9. Clearwell (mixing and CT) 10. Finished Water Pumps 11. Sludge Holding 12. Sodium Permanganate Feed System 13. Sodium Hydroxide Feed System 14. Ferric Chloride Feed System 15. Polyaluminum Chloride Feed System 16. Polymer Feed System 17. Chlorine Feed System 18. Blended Phosphate Feed System 19. Fluoride Feed System The results of the capacity and process evaluation for the major supply, treatment, sludge management, and chemical feed systems are provided in Tables 3-10 and 3-11. Graphical representations of the effective capacities as compared to the current and projected demands are included in Figures 3-3 through 3-9. A summary of the findings is provided as follows: 1. Raw Water Supply a. Raw water intake structure and raw water transfer pumps have adequate firm and total capacity to meet current and 3.0 MGD rated maximum capacity. 2. Iron and Manganese Pretreatment a. In warmer summer months, the existing mixing contact time is sufficient to adequately meet average and maximum day demands; and marginally meet current 2.4 MGD peak flows. The existing contact time is not sufficient to meet the 3.0 MGD rated maximum capacity. b. In cold winter months, the existing mixing contact time is sufficient to adequately meet average and maximum day demands; but is not sufficient to meet 2.4 MGD or 3.0 MGD peak maximum flows. c. It is recommended that the point of permanganate injection be re-located upstream within the raw water intake structure to allow a longer mixing contact time. 3. Coagulation (Rapid Mix) a. The coagulation basins and mixer horsepower have adequate firm and total capacity to meet current and 3.0 MGD rated maximum capacity. 4. Flocculation (Slow Mix) a. Evaluation at 30-minute Optimum Detention Time i. The firm flocculation basin capacity is limited to only meeting current average day flows. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 50 200-121837-20003 ii. The total flocculation basin capacity is adequate to meet current average and maximum day flows; is marginally adequate to meet 2.4 MGD peak flows; and not adequate to meet the 3.0 MGD rated maximum flow. b. Evaluation at 20-minute Detention Time (Potential Diminishing of Performance) i. The firm flocculation basin capacity is limited to meeting current average day flows and marginally meeting current maximum day flows. ii. The total flocculation basin capacity is adequate to meet current and 3.0 MGD rated maximum capacity, but could experience a diminishing in treatment performance. c. MassDEP guidelines require two (2) basins, but do not require meeting capacities with one basin offline. 5. Sedimentation a. The firm sedimentation basin capacity is limited to only meeting current average day flows. b. The total sedimentation basin capacity is adequate to meet current average, maximum, and peak flows; and is marginally adequate to meet the 3.0 MGD rated maximum flow. c. MassDEP guidelines require two (2) basins, but do not require meeting capacities with one basin offline. 6. Filtration a. The firm filtration capacity (with one filter out of service) is adequate to meet current average, maximum, and peak flows; and is not adequate to meet the 3.0 MGD rated maximum flow. b. The total filtration capacity is adequate to meet current and 3.0 MGD rated maximum capacity. c. The filter backwash pumping with one pump out of service has adequate capacity to backwash one (1) filter at a time. d. Surface water treatment rule requires that the rated capacity be met with one filter out of service. 7. Disinfection Clearwell a. Disinfection clearwell has adequate effective contact time (CT) capacity to meet current and 3.0 MGD rated maximum capacity. 8. High Service Pumping a. The firm and total capacity of the finished water pumps is adequate to meet current and 3.0 MGD rated maximum capacity. 9. Process Wastewater Pumps a. The existing process wastewater pumps have adequate capacity to pump to waste the filter backwash flow rate. 10. Sludge Management a. The existing sludge lagoons can support an average flow of 0.64 MGD based on a solids loading of 8.2 lb/ft2 (for a wet region). At this effective capacity, the sludge lagoons appear to be not adequate for current and 3.0 MGD rated maximum capacity. 11. Chemical Feed Systems a. Overall, existing chemical storage and feed systems have adequate capacities to meet current and 3.0 MGD rated maximum capacity. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 51 200-121837-20003 b. The sodium hydroxide bulk storage capacity is marginally adequate to meet the 3.0 MGD rated maximum capacity. c. The ferric chloride storage capacity is marginally adequate to meet the 3.0 MGD rated maximum capacity. d. The polymer feed pumps with one pump out of service are capable of delivering a 1.5 mg/L maximum dose at current average flows and marginally at maximum day flows. The feed pumps with one pump out of service are not adequate for delivering a 1.5 mg/L maximum dose at 2.4 MGD peak and 3.0 MGD maximum rate flows. At the typical dose of 1.0 mg/L, the polymer feed pumps with one pump out of service are capable of marginally meeting a 2.4 MGD peak flow and are not capable of meeting the 3.0 MGD maximum rate. If needed, increasing the strength of the polymer feed could be investigated. e. With the largest feed pump out of service, the blended phosphate feed system can adequately deliver the maximum phosphate dose at current average and maximum day flows; but cannot adequately meet 2.4 MGD and 3.0 MGD. The total feed pump capacity can adequately meet the 3.0 MGD maximum rate. The existing storage capacity is not adequate for providing at least 15 days of storage at the 3.0 MGD maximum rate capacity. f. The firm feed capacity of the fluoride pumps can marginally the maximum dose at the 3.0 MGD maximum rate. The Lily Pond WTP was originally designed for a total rated capacity of 3.0 MGD. However, our capacity evaluation reveals that the total rated capacity is limited to 2.8 MGD by the existing effective capacity of the sedimentation basins. This total 2.8 MGD rated capacity is based on not exceeding a maximum 2.0 gpm/ft2 across both sedimentation basins. The firm capacity of the facility with one (1) filter basin out of service was found to be 2.43 MGD at a maximum 5.0 gpm/ft2 loading rate. Although the existing flocculation basins have sufficient volume to provide 20 minutes of detention time at a total 3.0 MGD flow, some diminishing of the overall plant flocculation and organic removal performance can be experienced for flows greater than 2.0 MGD. Additionally, the sludge lagoons are currently operating near their theoretical maximum capacities. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 52 200-121837-20003 Table 3-10. Capacity and Process Evaluation Results – Supply, Treatment & Sludge Management Process Quantity Basis of Design Industry Standard or MassDEP Value Firm vs Total Effective Capacity Acutal Value @ 2.4 MGD Actual Value @ 3.0 MGD Ability to Meet 0.8 MGD Avg Day Demand Ability to Meet 1.6 MGD Max Day Demand Ability to Meet 2.4 MGD Peak Demand Ability to Meet 3.0 MGD Rated Max Capacity Raw Water Supply and Pretreatment Raw Water Intake Structure 2 Sections Intake Velocity 0.5 fps Firm 12.9 MGD 0.09 fps 0.12 fps Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Total 25.9 MGD 0.05 fps 0.06 fps Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Raw Water Transfer Pumps 3 Pumps Meet Maximum Rated Capacity 3.0 MGD Firm 3.45 MGD 3.45 MGD 3.45 MGD Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Total 5.18 MGD 5.18 MGD 5.18 MGD Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Fe & Mn Pretreatment 1 Wetwell Contact Time - Summer 5 min @ 20 oC Firm -- -- -- -- -- -- Total 2.2 MGD 4.6 min 3.7 min Adequate Adequate Marginal Not Adequate Contact Time - Winter 10 min@ 1 oC Firm -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Total 1.1 MGD 4.6 min 3.7 min Adequate (Winter Average) Adequate (Winter Max) Not Adequate Not Adequate Coagulation & Flocculation Treatment Coagulation – Rapid Mix 2 Basins & Mechanical Mixers Detention Time 15 - 30 seconds Firm 3.05 MGD (at 15 sec) 19 15 Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Total 3.05 MGD (at 30 sec) 38 31 Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Flocculation – Slow Mix 2 Basins & Paddle Mixers Detention Time (optimum/ideal) 30 minutes Firm 1.0 MGD 12 10 Adequate Not Adequate Not Adequate Not Adequate Total 2.0 MGD 25 20 Adequate Adequate Marginal/Not Adequate Not Adequate Detention Time (marginal- potential diminished performance) 20 minutes Firm 1.5 MGD 12 10 Adequate Marginal Not Adequate Not Adequate Total 3.0 MGD 25 20 Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 53 200-121837-20003 Table 3-10. Capacity and Process Evaluation Results – Supply, Treatment & Sludge Management (Cont’d) Process Quantity Basis of Design Industry Standard or MassDEP Value Firm vs Total Effective Capacity Actual Value @ 2.4 MGD Actual Value @ 3.0 MGD Ability to Meet 0.8 MGD Avg Day Demand Ability to Meet 1.6 MGD Max Day Demand Ability to Meet 2.4 MGD Peak Demand Ability to Meet 3.0 MGD Rated Max Capacity Sedimentation Treatment Sedimentation 2 Basins Surface Loading Rate – Total Area 2.0 gpm/ft2 Firm 1.4 MGD 3.4 gpm/ft2 4.2 gpm/ft2 Adequate Not Adequate Not Adequate Not Adequate Total 2.8 MGD 1.7 gpm/ft2 2.1 gpm/ft2 Adequate Adequate Adequate Marginal Surface Loading Rate – Tube Settlers 2.7 gpm/ft2 Firm 1.4 MGD 4.6 gpm/ft2 5.8 gpm/ft2 Adequate Not Adequate Not Adequate Not Adequate Total 2.8 MGD 2.3 gpm/ft2 2.9 gpm/ft2 Adequate Adequate Adequate Marginal Filtration Treatment Filtration 3 Filters Surface Loading Rate 5.0 gpm/ft2 Firm 2.43 MGD 4.9 gpm/ft2 6.2 gpm/ft2 Adequate Adequate Adequate Not Adequate Total 3.65 MGD 3.3 gpm/ft2 4.1 gpm/ft2 Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Filter Backwash Pumps 2 Pumps Backwash Rate 15 gpm/ft2 Firm 3,400 gpm 20 gpm/ft2 (1 filter) 20 gpm/ft2 (1 filter) Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Total 6,800 gpm 20 gpm/ft2 (2 filters) 20 gpm/ft2 (2 filters) Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Disinfection Disinfection Clearwell 1 Clearwell 0.5-log Giardia CT @ 0.6 mg/L Cl2 24 mg/L-min Firm -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Total 3.8 MGD 38 mg/L-min 30 mg/L-min Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate High Service Pumping Finished Water Pumps 2 Pumps + 1 Jockey Pump Meet Maximum Rated Capacity 3.0 MGD Firm 3.7 MGD1 3.7 MGD 3.7 MGD Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Total 6.8 MGD1 6.8 MGD 6.8 MGD Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Sludge Management Process Wastewater Pumps 2 Pumps Filter Backwash Capacity 3,400 gpm Firm 3,400 gpm 3,400 gpm 3,400 gpm Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Total 6,700 gpm 6,700 gpm 6,700 gpm Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Sludge Lagoons 2 Lagoons Sludge Loading Rage – Wet Region 8.2 lb/ft2 Firm 0.32 MGD 20.6 lb/ft2 38.6 lb/ft2 Not Adequate Not Adequate Not Adequate Not Adequate Total 0.64 MGD 10.3 lb/ft2 19.3 lb/ft2 Not Adequate Not Adequate Not Adequate Not Adequate Notes: • Firm finished water pump capacity includes jockey pump at an estimated capacity of 500 gpm based on 40 HP motor. • Solids loading is based on average flows; therefore, total sludge lagoon area meets current average water production. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 54 200-121837-20003 Table 3-11. Capacity and Process Evaluation Results – Chemical Feed Systems Process Quantity Basis of Design Industry Standard or MassDEP Value Firm vs Total Existing Value Required @ 2.4 MGD Required @ 3.0 MGD Ability to Meet 0.8 MGD Avg Day Demand Ability to Meet 1.6 MGD Max Day Demand Ability to Meet 2.4 MGD Peak Demand Ability to Meet 3.0 MGD Rated Max Capacity Pretreatment Sodium Permanganate 2 Pumps Supply Maximum Dose Rate @ Maximum Rated Capacity 1.88 gph @ 3.5 mg/L & 3.0 MGD Firm 2.5 gph 1.51 gph 1.88 gph Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Total 5.0 gph 1.51 gph 1.88 gph Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate 1 Day Tank Storage Time & Volume @ Average Rated Capacity 1 day; 10 gal Total 15 days; 75 gal 15 days; 75 gal 7.5 days; 75 gal Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate 1 Bulk Tank Storage Time @ Average Rated Capacity 30 days; 300 gal Total 60 days; 300 gal 60 days; 300 gal 30 days; 300 gal Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Pre & Post pH Adjustment Sodium Hydroxide - Pre 2 Pumps Supply Maximum Dose Rate @ Maximum Rated Capacity 6.3 gph @ 16 mg/L & 3.0 MGD Firm 10 gph 5.0 gph 6.3 gph Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Total 20 gph 5.0 gph 6.3 gph Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate 1 Day Tank Storage Time & Volume @ Average Rated Capacity 1 day; 50 gal Total 8.2 days; 200 gal 8.2 days; 200 gal 4.4 days; 200 gal Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Sodium Hydroxide - Post 2 Pumps Supply Maximum Dose Rate @ Maximum Rated Capacity 3.5 gph @ 9 mg/L & 3.0 MGD Firm 6.6 gph 2.8 gph 3.5 gph Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Total 13.2 gph 2.8 gph 3.5 gph Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate 1 Day Tank Storage Time & Volume @ Average Rated Capacity 1 day; 35 gal Total 11 days; 200 gal 11 days; 200 gal 5.9 days; 200 gal Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Sodium Hydroxide Bulk Storage (Pre & Post) 1 Bulk Tank Storage Time @ Average Rated Capacity 30 days; 2,400 gal Total 44.7 days; 1,900 gal 44.7 days; 1,900 gal 23.9 days; 1,900 gal Adequate Adequate Adequate Marginal Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 55 200-121837-20003 Table 3-11. Capacity and Process Evaluation Results – Chemical Feed Systems (Cont’d) Process Quantity Basis of Design Industry Standard or MassDEP Value Firm vs Total Existing Value Required @ 2.4 MGD Required @ 3.0 MGD Ability to Meet 0.8 MGD Avg Day Demand Ability to Meet 1.6 MGD Max Day Demand Ability to Meet 2.4 MGD Peak Demand Ability to Meet 3.0 MGD Rated Max Capacity Coagulation Ferric Chloride 2 Pumps (high & low range) Supply Maximum Dose Rate @ Maximum Rated Capacity 1.5 gph @ 6 mg/L & 3.0 MGD Firm 1.0 gph / 4.0 gph 1.2 gph 1.5 gph Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Total 5.0 gph 1.2 gph 1.5 gph Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate 1 Storage Tank & 2 Drums Storage Time @ Average Rated Capacity 15 to 30 days; Total 15 days; 80 gal (28 days with 2 drums; 140 gal) 15 days; 80 gal (28 days with drums; 140 gal) 8 days; 80 gal (14 days with 2 drums; 140 gal) Adequate Adequate Adequate Marginal Polyaluminum Chloride 3 Pumps Supply Maximum Dose Rate @ Maximum Rated Capacity 21.6 gph @ 220 mg/L & 3.0 MGD Firm 28.8 gph 17.3 gph 21.6 gph Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Total 43.2 gph 17.3 gph 21.6 gph Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate 1 Day Tank Storage Time & Volume @ Average Rated Capacity 1 day; 175 gal Total 2.2 days; 200 gal 2.2 days; 200 gal 1.2 days; 200 gal Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate 1 Bulk Tank Storage Time @ Average Rated Capacity 30 days; 5,200 gal Total 65 days; 6,000 gal 65 days; 6,000 gal 34.7 days; 6,000 gal Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Flocculation Polymer 3 Pumps Supply Maximum Dose Rate @ Maximum Rated Capacity 37.5 gph @ 1.5 mg/L & 3.0 MGD Firm 18.2 gph 30 gph 37.5 gph Adequate Marginal Not Adequate Not Adequate Total 26.4 gph 30 gph 37.5 gph Adequate Adequate Marginal Not Adequate Supply Maximum Dose Rate @ Maximum Rated Capacity 37.5 gph @ 1.0 mg/L & 3.0 MGD Firm 18.2 gph 20 gph 25 gph Adequate Adequate Marginal Not Adequate Total 26.4 gph 30 gph 37.5 gph Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 56 200-121837-20003 Table 3-11. Capacity and Process Evaluation Results – Chemical Feed Systems (Cont’d) Process Quantity Basis of Design Industry Standard or MassDEP Value Firm vs Total Existing Value Required @ 2.4 MGD Required @ 3.0 MGD Ability to Meet 0.8 MGD Avg Day Demand Ability to Meet 1.6 MGD Max Day Demand Ability to Meet 2.4 MGD Peak Demand Ability to Meet 3.0 MGD Rated Max Capacity Disinfection Primary Chlorination 2 Gas Feeders with Solution Feed Injectors (Standby shared with post/ secondary) Supply Maximum Dose Rate @ Maximum Rated Capacity 75 lb/day @ 3.0 mg/L & 3.0 MGD Firm 60 – 90 lb/day 60 lb/day 75 lb/day Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Total 120 – 180 lb/day 60 lb/day 75 lb/day Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate 4-150 lb Gas cylinders Storage Time @ Average Rated Capacity 15 days; 300 lbs Total 56 days; 600 lbs 56 days; 600 lbs 30 days; 600 lbs Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Secondary Chlorination 2 Gas Feeders with Solution Feed Injectors (Standby shared with pre/primary) Supply Maximum Dose Rate @ Maximum Rated Capacity 63 lb/day @ 2.5 mg/L & 3.0 MGD Firm 60 – 90 lb/day 50 lb/day 63 lb/day Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Total 120 – 180 lb/day 50 lb/day 63 lb/day Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate 2-150 lb Gas cylinders Storage Time @ Average Rated Capacity 15 days; 280 lbs Total 30 days; 300 lbs 30 days; 300 lbs 16 days; 300 lbs Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Post-Treatment Blended Phosphate 2 Pumps Supply Maximum Dose Rate @ Maximum Rated Capacity 0.81 gph @ 3 mg/L & 3.0 MGD Firm 0.42 gph 0.68 gph 0.81 gph Adequate Adequate Not Adequate Not Adequate Total 1.0 gph 0.68 gph 0.81 gph Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate 1 Storage Tank Storage Time @ Average Rated Capacity 15 days; 125 gal Total 18.5 days; 80 gal 18.5 days; 80 gal 10 days; 80 gal Adequate Adequate Adequate Not Adequate Fluoride Saturator 2 Feed Pumps Supply Maximum Dose Rate @ Maximum Rated Capacity 10.62 gph @ 0.7 mg/L & 3.0 MGD Firm 10 gph 8.5 gph 10.62 gph Adequate Adequate Adequate Marginal Total 20 gph 8.5 gph 10.62 gph Adequate Adequate Adequate Adequate Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 57 200-121837-20003 Figure 3-3. Lily Pond WTP Raw Water Supply Pumping Capacity vs Demand Figure 3-4. Manganese Pretreatment Contact Capacity vs Demand 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024 2026 2028 2030 2032Water Flow (MGD)Year Lily Pond Approved Maximum Daily Rate (MGD)Existing Total Capacity Existing Firm Capacity Lily Pond Summer Maximum Hourly Rate (MGD) Maximum Day Demand (MGD)Average Day Demand (MGD) MDD ADD Approved Max Day Withdrawal Firm Raw Water Capacity Total Raw Water Capacity Peak Hour 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024 2026 2028 2030 2032Water Flow (MGD)Year Lily Pond Approved Maximum Daily Rate (MGD)Existing Summer Capacity Existing Winter Capacity Lily Pond Summer Maximum Hourly Rate (MGD) Maximum Day Demand (MGD)Average Day Demand (MGD) MDD ADD Approved Max Day Withdrawal Winter Capacity Peak Hour Summer Capacity Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 58 200-121837-20003 Figure 3-5. Flocculation Capacity vs Demand Figure 3-6. Sedimentation Capacity vs Demand 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024 2026 2028 2030 2032Water Flow (MGD)Year Lily Pond Approved Maximum Daily Rate (MGD)Existing Total Capacity Existing Firm Capacity Lily Pond Summer Maximum Hourly Rate (MGD) Maximum Day Demand (MGD)Average Day Demand (MGD) MDD ADD Approved Max Day Withdrawal Existing Firm Existing Total Peak Hour 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024 2026 2028 2030 2032Water Flow (MGD)Year Lily Pond Approved Maximum Daily Rate (MGD)Existing Total Capacity Existing Firm Capacity Lily Pond Summer Maximum Hourly Rate (MGD) Maximum Day Demand (MGD)Average Day Demand (MGD) MDD ADD Approved Max Day Withdrawal Existing Firm Existing Total Peak Hour Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 59 200-121837-20003 Figure 3-7. Filtration Capacity vs Demand Figure 3-8. Disinfection Clearwell Capacity vs Demand 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024 2026 2028 2030 2032Water Flow (MGD)Year Lily Pond Approved Maximum Daily Rate (MGD)Existing Total Capacity Existing Firm Capacity Lily Pond Summer Maximum Hourly Rate (MGD) Maximum Day Demand (MGD)Average Day Demand (MGD) MDD ADD Approved Max Day Withdrawal Existing Firm Existing Total Peak Hour 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024 2026 2028 2030 2032Water Flow (MGD)Year Lily Pond Approved Maximum Daily Rate (MGD)Existing Total Capacity Lily Pond Summer Maximum Hourly Rate (MGD)Maximum Day Demand (MGD) Average Day Demand (MGD) MDD ADD Approved Max Day Withdrawal Clearwell Capacity @ 24 CT Peak Hour Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 60 200-121837-20003 Figure 3-9. Finished Water/High Service Pumping Capacity vs Demand 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024 2026 2028 2030 2032Water Flow (MGD)Year Lily Pond Approved Maximum Daily Rate (MGD)Existing Total Capacity Existing Firm Capacity Lily Pond Summer Maximum Hourly Rate (MGD) Maximum Day Demand (MGD)Average Day Demand (MGD) MDD ADD Approved Max Day Withdrawal Existing Firm Existing Total Peak Hour Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 61 200-121837-20003 4.0 PROJECT PRIORITIZATION METHODOLOGY 4.1 OVERVIEW The existing assets at the Lily Pond WTP were evaluated based on the current condition in order to determine the need for necessary improvements. The condition coupled with average service lifes defines in general when the necessary improvements should occur. Mechanical process equipment was further evaluated using a business risk evaluation (BRE) that uses criticality in addition to condition to prioritize improvements The BRE looks at an asset’s condition and its criticality to establish the priority for actions on the Mechanical Process assets. Assets whose condition is poor and whose failure would have a lager impact on the facility overall will receive priority action. While assets that have a lower criticality and better condition will receive a lower priority. The BRE process used follows the five steps shown in Figure 4-1 below. Figure 4-1. Business Risk Evaluation • Step1: Determine and identify the condition and criticality factors that are used to evaluate the system. • Step 2: Collect the data that is used to evaluate the condition and criticality factors. • Step 3: Assign levels to each condition and criticality factor. The purpose of assigning levels is to differentiate assets based on their condition and criticality. • Step 4: Calculate a condition and criticality rating for each asset. These ratings are calculated by using the level assigned to each factor and the relative importance of each factor. • Step 5: Use the ratings to prioritize the system and determine short-term and long-term action. The factors and scales for both condition and criticality were developed through discussions and a workshop with Town of Cohasset personnel and the Lily Pond WTP operations staff. A copy of the minutes and results of the Prioritization Workshop is provided in Appendix B. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 62 200-121837-20003 4.2 CONDITION SCALE AND FACTORS The condition of the assets was determined through a number of means including on-site visual inspections, review of available data and reports, and interviews with on-site operating personnel. A detailed description of the on-site review is presented in Section 5.0. The condition scale that was developed is shown in Table 4-1. Table 4-1. Condition Scale Score Condition Expected Remaining Service Life Expected Remaining Service Life (Prioritization) 1 New, very good condition 100% – 90% 95% 2 Good condition, no improvements recommended to maintain function. 90% - 60% 75% 3 Fair condition, some improvements may be required to maintain function 40% - 60% 50% 4 Poor condition, some improvements may be required to maintain function 40% - 20% 30% 5 Imminent failure, rehabilitation or replacement required to maintain function 20% - 0% 10% The condition scale was used to represent the condition of the asset of all disciplines included in the review. For all disciplines except mechanical process assets the condition score is used to prioritize renewal and replacement activities based on the estimated remaining service life. A schedule of the service lives used in the analysis is shown in Table 4-2 below. Projects determined by condition assessment are prioritized based on remaining service life using the following formula: Asset Remaining Useful Life (yrs) = Average Service Life (yrs) x Remaining Service Life (%) Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 63 200-121837-20003 Table 4-2. Average Service Life of Assets Discipline Asset Type Design Life (Years) Process Mechanical General Water Pumps Piping Gates Rapid Mix/Flocculation/Sedimentation t Filter Underdrains and Troughs Chemical Storage Tanks and Pumps 25 30 50 20 30 30 20 Electrical General Distribution Panels MCCs Grounding Transformers VFDs Generator and Automatic Transfer Switch Control Panels Disconnects 25 20 25 25 20 20 20 20 20 SCADA/Instrumentation General SCADA Servers Actuators PLCs Level/Pressure Sensors Meters 15 10 5 15 15 20 20 Structural General Concrete Steel Miscellaneous Metals 30 50 50 25 Architectural/Workplace Safety General Windows and Doors Door Hardware Roofing and Roof Drainage System Louvers Floors 50 40 40 20 25 50 HVAC Air Handling Units Self-Contained AC Units Hydronic Unit and Cabinet Hydronic Heaters Electric Unit Heaters Water Heater Exhaust Fans Ductwork Plumbing Fixtures General Piping (Hydronic, Refrigerant, etc.) 20 15 20 15 15 20 30 15 20 Site Civil/Security General 50 Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 64 200-121837-20003 4.3 CRITICALITY SCALE AND FACTORS The criticality criteria define the expected consequence of failure in terms of the unique attributes of the asset. Generally speaking, the process mechanical assets lend themselves the best to a criticality evaluation and is used in this analysis Through discussions and workshops four criticality criteria were developed to capture the range of potential impact on the facility. These include: • Capacity Affected – How much of the facility’s capacity is lost due to the asset failure. • Water Quality/System Impact – To what extent is the water quality or overall operations of the facility affected due to the asset failure. • Redundancy – To what extent are there supporting assets that can provide the same service in the event of an asset failure. • Outage Duration – How long is the asset or the asset’s function out of service in the event of a failure. A rating scale was developed to define the varying levels of severity for each of the criteria as shown in Table 4-3 below. Table 4-3. Criticality Scale Score Capacity Affected Water Quality/ System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Weighting 50% 25% 15% 10% 1 5% or less lost capacity Mild Impact on Operations Full Backup 1 day or less 2 5% to 10% lost capacity Operational Hindrance/ Loss of efficiency Partial Backup 2 to 3 days 4 10% to 20% lost capacity Major Impact on operations Shared asset; Not redundant 3 to 4 days 5 Greater than 20% lost capacity Missed water quality goals Dependent/No backup More than five days The score for each criticality criterion is weighted by the factor shown in Table 4-3 to develop a single criticality score from 1 (low impact) to 5 (high impact). Once the condition and criticality scores have been determined they are multiplied together to determine the Business Risk Evaluation (BRE) score. The BRE scores range from 1 to 25 with a score of one representing a low probability and consequence of failure (a 1 on both scales) and a score of 25 representing a high probability and consequence of failure (a 5 on both scales). Prioritization using the BRE scores follows the criteria in Table 4-4. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 65 200-121837-20003 Table 4-4. BRE Prioritization Criteria BRE Score Action 20.0- 25.0 High Priority (within two years) 15.0 – 19.9 Priority (within five years) 0.0 – 14.9 Re-evaluate Condition in 5 years Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 66 200-121837-20003 5.0 CONDITION ASSESSMENTS 5.1 ASSETS Condition assessments were performed for the Lily Pond WTP assets based on visual inspections, discussions with staff as well as available information on preventative and corrective maintenance activities. The on-site review included a video log and photographs were taken to document existing conditions and operation. The condition assessment forms are provided in Appendix C. Asset discipline areas in the evaluation include: 1. Process Mechanical 2. Electrical 3. SCADA / Instrumentation 4. Structural 5. Architectural/Workplace Safety 6. HVAC 7. Site Civil / Security Limitations for the on-site condition assessments included the following: • A non-intrusive approach through visual inspection was used to assess the equipment. Tetra Tech did not open or inspect operating equipment or that which was deemed unsafe. • The condition assessments for Electrical/SCADA components did not include the following: o Software licenses or hardware. o PLC programs. o Physical security or access control systems • Visual inspection of confined spaces was limited to the following areas: o Clearwell o Sedimentation Basin 2 (Video of Sedimentation Basin 1 was reviewed) o Flocculation Basins 1 and 2 o Mixing Basins 1 and 2 5.2 PROCESS MECHANICAL Overall most components of the WTP are in good to average condition. There has been a history of maintaining critical pieces of equipment, including replacing aging motors and gear boxes, actuators and routinely taking pumps down in the low demand season for refurbishing. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 67 200-121837-20003 5.2.1 Intake Structure Assets reviewed for the intake structure are shown in Table 5-1. Table 5-1. Intake Structure Assets Asset Condition Score Criticality Score Risk Coarse Barscreen 1 (Left facing lake) 2 1.6 3.1 Coarse Barscreen 2 (Right facing lake) 2 1.6 3.1 Sluice Gate Inlet (Left) 2 1.0 2.0 Sluice Gate Outlet (Left) 2 1.0 2.0 Sluice Gate Inlet (Right) 2 1.0 2.0 Sluice Gate Outlet (Right) 3 1.0 3.0 Air Compressor 1 1.6 1.6 Overall the assets are in good condition with almost all assets scoring a 1 or 2. A sump pump is installed in each channel for draining but could not be observed. Major recommendations include: • Repair of sluice gate which was observed to be leaking. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 68 200-121837-20003 5.2.2 Raw Water Pumps The assessment for the raw water pumps are shown in Table 5-2. Table 5-2. Raw Water Pumps Asset Condition Score Criticality Score Risk Raw Water Pump 1 3 4.3 12.9 Raw Water Pump 2 1 4.3 4.3 Raw Water Pump 3 5 4.3 21.5 With all pumps operational there is sufficient capacity to meet 3.0 MGD with one pump out of service. Raw Water Pump 2 was installed in 2018 and is in good condition. Pumps 1 and 3 were rebuilt and variable frequency drives were installed on all pumps in 2012. Pumps 1 and 2 are in routine operation and 3 is not used or exercised and may not be operable. Check valves on the discharge line for all pumps were replaced in 2020. Major recommendations include: • Conduct an operational test on raw water pump 3 and performing corrective maintenance to bring it into the operational rotation. 5.2.3 Rapid Mixers The assessment for the rapid mixers are shown in Table 5-3. Table 5-3. Rapid Mixers Asset Condition Score Criticality Score Risk Rapid mix baffles 5 3.6 17.8 Rapid mixer 1 3 4.1 12.2 Rapid mixer 2 3 4.1 12.2 Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 69 200-121837-20003 There is sufficient capacity in the mixing basins to meet the 3.0 MGD capacity of the WTP with one unit out of service. Rapid mixer 1 was observed from floor level and appeared to be in average condition. Rapid mixer 2 was in operation and submerged during the site review. The motors for both mixers were replaced in 2021 and the gear boxes were inspected and found to be in good condition. The supporting bolts and connections for the mixers are in poor condition. The baffles in the mixing basins are in poor condition with significant corrosion observed on the connection bolts and plates. Major recommendations include: • Replace supports for both mixer units. • Replace basin baffles. 5.2.4 Flocculators The assessment for the flocculators are shown in Table 5-4. Table 5-4. Flocculators Asset Condition Score Criticality Score Risk Paddle Assembly and Shaft 1 3 4.8 14.3 Paddle Assembly and Shaft 2 3 4.8 14.3 Flocculator Paddle Drive 1 1 4.7 4.7 Flocculator Paddle Drive 2 1 4.7 4.7 From the capacity analysis in Section 5 the flocculator process can only marginally meet 3.0 MGD with both units in service which increases its criticality score. The flocculators were last maintained in 2013 and the motor and gear boxes for both flocculators were replaced in 2019. The baffles are in good condition and the basin drain valves and stems were replaced in 2019. Major recommendations include: • Continued monitoring of the flocculator units to minimize the likelihood of an unexpected failure. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 70 200-121837-20003 5.2.5 Sedimentation Basin Equipment The assessment for the sedimentation basin equipment is shown in Table 5-5. Table 5-5. Sedimentation Basin Equipment Asset Condition Score Criticality Score Risk Chain/Flight 1 4 5.0 20.0 Chain/Flight 2 4 5.0 20.0 Baffles, Troughs, and Weirs 1 2 3.8 7.5 Baffles, Troughs, and Weirs 2 2 3.8 7.5 Tube Settler Basin 1 1 5.0 5.0 Tube Settler Basin 2 1 5.0 5.0 The sedimentation process is the limiting component of the WTP. With both basins in service the effective capacity of the basins is 2.8 MGD. There has been no reported maintenance on the chain and flight sludge scrapers since at least 2013 and due to the presence of the tube settlers they were not visible during the site review. The tube settlers were replaced in 2018 and are in good condition and the baffles troughs and weirs are in good condition. Major recommendations include: • Replace the chain and flight sludge scrapers. • Replace the mid-level sludge valves Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 71 200-121837-20003 5.2.6 Filters The assessment for the filters is shown in Table 5-6. Table 5-6. Filters Asset Condition Score Criticality Score Risk Surface Agitators, All Cells 3 2.0 5.9 Filter Media, All Cells 1 4.3 4.3 Underdrain System, All Cells 3 4.6 13.7 Troughs and Weirs, All Cells 3 1.5 4.5 Filter Backwash Pump 1 5 4.3 21.5 Filter Backwash Pump 2 2 4.3 8.6 Filter Valve Actuators 3 3.8 11.4 Blower (for Surface Agitators) 2 2.0 3.9 The filter media for all cell was replaced in 2020 and during the replacement the filter underdrain was inspected and damaged tiles replaced. The blower and surface agitator system was installed around 2010. During the site review filter backwash pump 2 was pulled for maintenance and was found to be in poor condition. The assumption by the team is the Pump 1 is in a similar condition. WTP staff has been systematically replacing the motor actuators on the filter backwash and discharge piping. To date eight of the twelve actuators have been replaced in the last five years. Major recommendations include: • Filter backwash pump 2 should be refurbished. • The remaining valve actuators should be replaced in the short term starting with the actuator on the filter discharge line which staff reports is likely 20 years old. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 72 200-121837-20003 5.2.7 Wastewater Pumps The assessment for the filters is shown in Table 5-7. Table 5-7. Wastewater Pumps Asset Condition Score Criticality Score Risk Wastewater/Sludge Pump 1 4 4.3 17.2 Wastewater/Sludge Pump 2 4 4.3 17.2 Grinder Pump Station 3 1.1 3.3 The wastewater/sludge pumps have no record of being maintained, although it is recognized they operate under light duty, mostly just for spent backwash water. WTP staff indicate that these pumps are scheduled for major rehabilitation in 2021. The in-plant grinder station pumps to a pump station located on-site external to the building.Major recommendations include: • Rehabilitate both wastewater sludge pumps • Coordinate improvements to the in-plant grinder pumps to coincide with removal of the yard pump station. 5.2.8 Finished Water Pumps The assessment for the finished water is shown in Table 5-8. Table 5-8. Finished Water Pumps Asset Condition Score Criticality Score Risk Finished Water Pump 1 3 4.3 12.9 Finished Water Pump 2 3 4.3 12.9 Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 73 200-121837-20003 The finished water pumps are serviced annually and are old but in good condition. VFDs were installed on the pumps in 2012 and since that time the third jockey pump is no longer used. The surge valve on the discharge manifold was replaced in 2020. Major recommendations include: • Continued monitoring and maintenance of the finished water pumps. 5.2.9 Sludge Lagoon The assessment for the sludge lagoon is shown in Table 5-9. Table 5-9. Sludge Lagoon Asset Condition Score Criticality Score Risk Sludge Lagoon 3 4.3 12.9 Recirculation Pump 3 4.0 12.0 Polymer System 2 2.3 4.5 Slide Gates 4 1.7 6.8 The sludge lagoon system in in overall average condition and while it functions adequately to meet the current needs of the WTP it is an expensive and inefficient means of processing solids. The lagoons contained either sludge or a geobag and could not be reviewed in detail. Major recommendations include: • Improvements are recommended to move to a different sludge handling system (drying beds) to improve system efficiency. This could be done in conjunction with modifications to the sludge decant water discharge to Lily Pond in response to upcoming regulatory requirements. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 74 200-121837-20003 5.2.10 Plant Piping The assessment for the plant piing is shown in Table 5-10. Table 5-10. Plant Piping Asset Condition Score Criticality Score Risk 24” Raw Water Line 3 4.9 14.7 Raw Water Pump Discharge 3 4.7 14.1 6” Rapid Mix and Flocculation Drain 3 2.3 6.8 6” and 8” Sed, Basin Sludge Piping 3 4.8 14.3 Surface Agitator Supply (Filter) 2 2.0 3.9 12” Filter Backwash Piping 3 4.9 14.7 16” Filter Discharge to Clearwell 3 5.0 15.0 12” Filer Drain Pipe 3 2.3 6.8 14” Finished Water Discharge 3 4.9 14.7 16” Wastewater Discharge 3 4.7 14.0 Grinder Station Discharge 3 2.5 7.4 A detailed review of the WTP piping is beyond the scope of this study. It appears, from external review the pipe in general is in average condition, however, the bulk of the pipe is original with the plant and therefore, well into its expected service life. The major process pipe throughout the facility represents single points of failure with no redundancy as shown by the high criticality scores. Major recommendations include: • Conduct wall thickness testing on all critical process piping • Replace the exposed corroded pipe at the chemical injection point between the filter and the clearwell. • In conjunction with improvements to the in-plant grinder station, reroute the discharge piping so that it does not run over the clearwell and finished water pumps. 5.2.11 Chemical Feed Systems In general the chemical feed systems are in good condition with redundant pumps and storage. Table 5-11 presents a summary of the evaluation. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 75 200-121837-20003 Table 5-11. Finished Water Pumps System Asset Condition Score Criticality Score Risk Chlorine System (Pre and Post) Storage 2 1.8 3.5 Piping 2 4.6 9.2 Pump 1 1 4.1 4.1 Pump 2 3 4.1 12.3 Regulator 1 1 4.1 4.1 Regulator 2 1 4.1 4.1 Regulator 3 2 4.1 8.2 Ejectors 2 4.1 8.2 Scales 2 1.6 3.1 Ferric Chloride Pumps 2 3.8 7.5 Transfer Pump 3 1.9 5.6 Tanks 3 1.3 3.8 Piping 3 3.9 11.6 Sodium Hydroxide (Pre and Post) Pumps Tank 1 1 4.0 4.0 Pumps Tank 1 1 4.0 4.0 Transfer Pump 2 2.4 4.7 Pumps Tank 2 1 4.0 4.0 Pumps Tank 2 1 4.0 4.0 Day Tank 1 1 3.8 3.8 Day Tank 2 1 3.8 3.8 Bulk Tank 2 2.4 4.7 Piping 2 4.4 8.7 Polyaluminum Chloride Pump 1 2 4.0 8.0 Pump 2 2 4.0 8.0 Pump 3 2 4.0 8.0 Transfer Pump 2 2.4 4.7 Bulk Tank 2 2.2 4.4 Day Tank 2 3.2 6.4 Piping 2 4.4 8.7 Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 76 200-121837-20003 Table 5-11. Finished Water Pumps (Cont’d) System Asset Condition Score Criticality Score Risk Sodium Permanganate Pump 1 2 4.0 8.0 Pump 2 2 4.0 8.0 75 Gallon Day Tank 3 4.4 13.1 250 gallon bulk tank 3 2.4 7.1 Piping 3 4.4 13.1 Polyacrylamide Polymer Feed Pumps 1 3.3 3.3 Transfer Pump 2 3.9 7.7 Storage 2 3.4 6.7 Piping 1 3.9 3.9 Ortho/Poly-phosphate/ Hexametaphosphate Feed Pumps 2 4.0 8.0 Transfer Pump 3 4.4 13.1 Storage 2 1.3 2.5 Piping 2 4.4 8.7 Fluoride Bulk Tank 2 1.9 3.7 Piping 2 1.9 3.7 Pumps 2 1.3 2.5 In general, no major issues were found with the chemical feed systems. There is space where the old lime feed system was located that could be used for the ferric chloride system. Major recommendations include: • Move the ferric chloride feed system from the area by the door to the space previously occupied by the lime system. • Replace the chlorine system with a hypochlorite system per the Town’s current plan. 5.2.12 Prioritization and Service Life As mentioned in Section 5, the BRE score is the primary means of prioritizing the mechanical process projects. Table 5-12 presents assets with the highest ranking BRE scores indicating a need for replacement within the next 5 years and the expected remaining service life based on the condition assessment. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 77 200-121837-20003 Table 5-12. Assets with Highest Ranking BRE Scores Asset Condition Score BRE Score Average Service Life Remaining Service Life Raw Water Pump 3 5 21.5 30 3 Filter Backwash Pump 1 5 21.5 30 3 Sedimentation Basin Chain/Flight (all) 4 20.0 30 9 Rapid Mix Baffles 5 17.8 30 3 Wastewater/Sludge Pumps (all) 4 17.2 30 9 Piping and Appurtenances 3 13.95-15.0 50 25 5.3 ELECTRICAL 5.3.1 Main Switchgear and Motor Control Center In general, the overall condition of the main switchgear and MCC compartments are in good shape. A maintenance sticker on the main circuit breaker of switchgear indicates that periodic maintenance/testing is being performed on the critical components of the electrical system. But similar maintenance tags or records are not found for other MCC buckets for the rest of the power system. Since the plant was in operation, it was not possible to open any of the cubicles and perform a visual inspection. The cubicles are installed in the administrative area inside the operator's daytime office room. This placement restricted airflow above and behind the switchgear and MCC compartments. Regulatory compliance does not specifically ask for the clearance behind the panels, but it is customary practice to keep sufficient space around electrical panels to maintain air flow around them. In case of Air conditioning system failure in the office building space, the Switchgear and MCC panels will get warm very quickly. Major recommendations include: • The power distribution system for the overall plant needs to be redesigned within the next 10 years. The control room housing the Main switchgear and Motor control centers need to be away from the office area and beside machinery spaces, with adequate ventilation system in the room. Ideally a dedicated Rooftop Thermal Unit (RTU) should be used for the Electrical room. • Load Flow study and Arc Flash study are recommended for the plant electrical system. This is a precautionary measure to take new electrical loads into account that were added to the plant over the years. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 78 200-121837-20003 5.3.2 Distribution Panels In general, the condition of auxiliary power distribution panels and lighting distribution panels (mostly Eaton panels) are in good condition shape. 5.3.3 Electrical and Instrumentation Cable Routing, Raceways In general, the condition of Cable raceways including conduits, cable trays and other bracket supports in the process areas are in good condition. In vehicle storage area in the outbuilding, some of the conduits for receptacles are corroded near floor crossing. In the security server room all communication cables as well as power cables to servers, modems, routers, UPS, and Fire alarm control panels are in bad shape. Major recommendations include: • Wiring in the security server room need to be completely rearranged. Communication and power cables need to be segregated and streamlined to various devices in that room, so it is easier to do troubleshooting when necessary. • All auxiliary power conduits crossing floor levels need to be examined for corrosion. Corroded conduits either need to be repaired or replaced within the next 5-year timeframe. 5.3.4 Transformers Main Utility step down transformer for the plant located near the main entrance and front parking lot needs periodic maintenance. Currently the front access to the transformer is blocked by trees/shrubs. Transformer for lighting and auxiliary power is in decent shape. Major recommendations include: • Access area to the utility transformer need to be maintained as obstacle free for emergency access. 5.3.5 Grounding, Receptacles at Code Required Locations In general grounding system in the plant is in good condition, where visible. Electrical power centers in the control room could not be verified since the plant was in operation and parts were live at the time of site visit. Majority of the receptacles are in undamaged shape. Some receptacles are worn out due to age, especially in the intake structure and tank areas upstairs. Major recommendations include: • Replace worn out receptacles from various locations in the plant. Use Ground Fault Interrupter (GFI) type where applicable and Weatherproof type for outdoor locations. 5.3.6 Lighting, Emergency Lighting Lighting fixtures including emergency lights and exit lights in the plant are in good condition, with no observable issues. Process areas have sufficient brightness for the operation. Emergency lights at random locations are tested out and found operational. Major recommendations include: • Compressor room emergency light need to be replaced. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 79 200-121837-20003 5.3.7 Pump Motors, Variable Frequency Drives, Starters, Disconnects Electric Motors for various pumps at the process area are in good condition. Tags on the motors indicate that regular maintenance work are being performed on them. Motors in the Flocculation tank area are corroded. Variable frequency drives for Raw water pumps and High lift pumps are new and in good condition. Some starters and disconnect switch assemblies in the plant are in various stages of corrosion. Push button stations for start/stop operation of heater fans in the tank area and disconnect switch for sewer pump are examples of such corroded areas. Major recommendations include: • Corroded motors in tank areas, starter switches for unit heater fans and disconnect switch for sewer pump should be replaced within the next 5 years. 5.3.8 Pump Run Relays, Solenoid Valve Relays VFD Run relays and Normal solenoid valve relays for High Lift pumps in the pump room are aged and worn out. Major recommendations include: • Replace the Run relays and Solenoid valve relays for High lift pumps in the pump room within the next 5 years. 5.3.9 Unit Heaters, HVAC Fan Motors, Aerator Fan HVAC system units at various locations in the plant are corroded. Other Electrical equipment and devices are generally in good condition. 5.3.10 Generator, Automatic Transfer Switch for Generator The existing automatic transfer switch needs an upgrade as the unit is old and replacement parts are difficult to obtain. Major recommendations include: • A new Smart Transfer switch will ensure efficient power transfer and improve the availability of the plant in case of a power outage. The Switch should be rated to handle interrupting current for the system. • An updated short circuit study for the plant electrical system is also recommended. This will help verify the Generator ratings and decide the rating for new components including the ATS that will be added. 5.3.11 Overhead Motorized Door Operators at Storage Areas in Outbuilding Motorized door operators in the storage areas of outbuilding are in good condition, with no observable issues. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 80 200-121837-20003 5.3.12 Fire Alarm, CCTV, Security System System maintenance schedule or test record for the Fire alarm, CCTV and security system control panels could not be verified. CCTV cameras on light posts outside and in the premises are functional. 5.4 SCADA/INSTRUMENTATION 5.4.1 Factors Affecting Automation In the control room PLC panel, there is an insufficient amount of spare I/O slots available for additional signals in the future. Ideally there should be at least 20% spare slots to be made available. Existing Allen Bradley SLC 500 PLCs are 20-year-old models which are becoming obsolete in terms of response times, communication protocols and compatibility with newer instruments and devices. Major recommendations include: • Additional Input/Output modules need to be installed and the PLC program updated as soon as possible, to provide 20% spare capacity of the PLC system. • SLC 500 controllers are becoming obsolete and being replaced by new upgraded versions. The improvement in processing times with the new version of controllers will eliminate latency issues and vastly improve the plant performance. 5.4.2 SCADA Network Devices Currently the water treatment plant communicates with remote sites including 2 reservoirs, 2 storage tanks and 2 pumping distribution system locations. The feedback of data from these sites is processed through a SCADA system that uses Comcast service connections and the internet. This is very impractical from a security point of view since it opens the water system up to cyber-attacks. The Auto Dialer in the PLC panel, Sensaphone does not give accurate readings for certain I/O’s according to the operator’s feedback. Wiring inside the control panel should be streamlined according to the type of signal. Current conditions are not helpful for troubleshooting any specific machinery, equipment, or instrument. These devices should be placed in a clean, well ventilated location. Major recommendations include: • Switch the data transmission system from a broadband internet access system to a closed licensed frequency radio to reduce vulnerability. • Remote access to the plant systems should be upgraded to a secure network and the user connection must be via an encrypted VPN tunnel. • Alarm settings for the Auto dialer need to be verified or the dialer needs to be replaced. • A more reliable remote alarm system needs to be developed and installed to improve the reliability of operation. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 81 200-121837-20003 5.4.3 Instrumentation The Process Mechanical section above gives a detailed description of condition by systems. In general, instrumentation at the plant is in fair condition. Some of the actuators, for example on raw water line and in the filter gallery, are old and need to be upgraded. These actuators are currently being replaced with newer models. Major recommendations include: • Instrumentation in several of the processes need to be replaced in the next 5 years. 5.5 STRUCTURAL 5.5.1 Water Treatment Plant Building Interior All concrete walls and CMU walls were observed to be in good condition at time of assessment. No cracks were observed in the CMU walls; however, some isolated cases of peeling paint were observed on the exterior walls in the tank room. Two crack repairs were observed in the pump room: one crack was located at the southwest corner of flocculation tank 1, while the second was located at the southwest corner of sedimentation tank 1. It appeared that both cracks had been previously repaired using polyurethane grout. The crack repair at the sedimentation basin was observed to be dry at time of observations, while the crack repair at the flocculation tank was observed to be damp. Additionally, a small concrete spall was identified at the north side of the man door located within the storage/garage room. Concrete floor slabs were observed to be in good condition at time of assessment. Supporting concrete beams and columns were also observed to be in good condition. Additionally, aluminum grating over trenches was observed to be in good condition. Likewise, the guard railing around the tanks in the tank room was observed to be in good condition however it was noticed that some guard railing included a toe plate, and some did not. Toe plates were specifically observed around the three filters. The monorail system located within the pump room was also observed. No issues were identified with the monorail beam and hoist. The precast double tees making up the roof framing were observed to be in good condition at time of assessment. Supporting concrete beams and columns were also observed to be in good condition. Some staining due to water intrusion was observed in the tank room; however it is understood that the roof has been recently replaced and that all active leaks should have been addressed as this time. Refer to the Architectural section for additional details. Major recommendations include: • Recommend monitoring the crack injections repair located at the southwest corner of Flocculation Tank 1 for changes. If the repair happens to develop active/noticeable leakage into the pump room space, then additional injections may be required to re-seal the crack. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 82 200-121837-20003 • Recommend monitoring the crack injections repair located at the southwest corner of Sedimentation Basin 1 for changes. If the repair happens to develop active/noticeable leakage into the pump room space, then additional injections may be required to re-seal the crack. • Recommend that the concrete spall identified at the north side of the man door, located within the storage/garage room, be repaired. Concrete spalls should be repaired using a polymer-modified repair mortar. 5.5.2 Water Treatment Plant Building Exterior Overall, the building exterior was observed to be in fair-to-good condition at time of assessment. Observations were made from the ground surface only. No cracks were observed in the 4" veneer block; however, the veneer mortar joints were observed to be in poor condition at multiple locations around the building due to deterioration caused by weather exposure. Previous tuck-pointing repairs could be observed on several wall elevations. Additionally, multiple precast concrete sills located below windows were observed to be in poor condition due to deterioration caused by weather exposure. Dark brown staining was observed on the unloading dock slab, as well as a portion of the block veneer, on the west side of the building. It is believed that the discoloration is due to permanganate chemical leaking onto the building and slab during delivery and transfer of the chemicals. Additionally, concrete spalls were identified on multiple concrete steps leading up to the unloading dock. Lastly, a short crack in the unloading dock slab was observed at a guardrail post connection. It is speculated that the crack was cause by either load impact to the guardrail post or freeze-thaw of water around the post connection. Refer to the Architectural section for additional details. Major recommendations include: • All mortar joints in the CMU veneer showing signs of deterioration should be inspected for soft or loose mortar. If soft or loose mortar is identified, it is recommended that the joints be repaired via routing and tuck-pointing with fresh mortar. The mortar joints should also be inspected for holes and tuck-pointed as appropriate. • It is recommended that all deteriorated precast window sills be replaced or flashed to prevent potential water intrusion into the building. • Recommend repairing all concrete spalls identified on the unloading dock stairs located at the west side of the building. Spall repairs are recommended to prevent further deterioration of the concrete and should be executed using a polymer- modified repair mortar. The existing metal nosing on the stairs may have to be removed and replaced to allow for the proper concrete repairs to be made. • Recommend repairing the cracked concrete observed at a guardrail post connection to the unloading dock slab. It is recommend that the concrete be repaired to prevent future spalling of the slab edge as well as to secure the guardrail post connection. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 83 200-121837-20003 5.5.3 Water-tight Retaining Wall The water-tight retaining wall is believed to be an underground concrete seepage wall located approximately 85 to 90 feet north of the main water treatment building. It is believed that this concrete wall was installed to act as a barrier between the septic system for the building and the adjacent forest. According to plant maintenance, the septic system is no longer used and the treatment building now utilizes city sewer. The concrete wall is believed to be approximately 100 feet long and protrudes above the ground approximately 1 to 3 feet. The wall was observed to be in good condition at time of assessment. Sporadic cracks and spalls were identified along the length of the wall. All cracks and spalls were observed to be minor. Previous concrete spall repairs could be observed at random points along the length of the wall. Major recommendations include: • Recommend repairing all concrete spalls in efforts to restore the original construction as well as increase the service life of the wall. Concrete spalls should be repaired using a polymer-modified repair mortar. 5.5.4 Intake Structure The interior of the intake building appeared to be in good condition at time of assessment. No cracks were identified in the CMU walls. The wood roof framing could be observed within the intake chamber room only. No signs of water infiltration or discoloring of the wood framing could be identified. Additionally, the concrete floor and aluminum coverings all appeared to be in good condition. No visible cracks or spalls were observed in the concrete. Defer to Architectural for additional details. The exterior of the intake building appeared to be in good condition at time of assessment. No discontinuities or damages in the siding, roofing, or flashing could be observed. Additionally, the concrete wing walls located at the pond side of the structure appeared to be in good condition. No visible cracks or spalls were observed in the concrete. Defer to Architectural for additional details. The (3) intake chambers were not entered, and observations were made from the floor level only. The concrete making up the intake chambers was observed to be in good condition at time of assessment. No visible cracks or spalls could be identified. Additionally, the aluminum access hatches and ladder rungs for the east and west intake chambers appeared to be in good condition. The coarse bar screens located at the pond side of the intake structure were observed to be in good condition at time of assessment. No visible corrosion or any other deteriorations could be identified. Per the as-built drawings for the intake structure, the (2) coarse bar screens are fabricated from aluminum. There are no major structural recommendations for the intake structure at this time. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 84 200-121837-20003 5.5.5 Raw Water Well The raw water well contained approximately 12" of water in the bottom at the time of assessment. The concrete making up the well was observed to be in good condition. The concrete divider walls located between the pump suction heads were also observed to be in good condition. (1) crack was identified in the roof slab near the access opening. The crack appeared to hairline. No spalls were identified in the Raw Water Well. Additionally, multiple aluminum ladder rungs were observed to be missing near the bottom of the well. Major recommendations include: • Recommend monitoring the crack observed in the Raw Water Well roof slab near the access opening for fluctuations in length or width. If the crack becomes severe, a Structural Engineer should be notified so that proper recommendations for repair can be made. • The absence of several aluminum ladder rungs suggest that the rungs have reached or exceeded their service life. It is recommended that the rungs be removed and replaced with an OSHA complaint fixed ladder. The ladder should be fabricated from stainless steel material for corrosion resistance. Additionally, the ladder should be equipped with a telescoping grab bar to assist with safe entry into the Raw Water Well. 5.5.6 Rapid Mix Basins Rapid Mix Basin 1 (South): This rapid mix basin was observed from the floor level only. The concrete making up the basin was observed to be in good condition at time of assessment. No visible crack or spalls could be identified. The protective paint coating on the inside of the tank was observed to be bubbling and peeling away from the concrete surface. Multiple bolts for the mixer support structure were observed to be in poor condition due to corrosion. Additionally, the baffle structure located with the basin was observed to be in poor condition. Rapid Mix Basin 2 (North): This rapid mix basin was observed from the floor level only. The concrete making up the basin was observed to be in good condition at time of assessment. No visible crack or spalls could be identified. The protective paint coating on the inside of the tank was observed to be bubbling and peeling away from the concrete surface. Multiple bolts for the mixer support structure were observed to be in poor condition due to corrosion. Additionally, the baffle structure located with the basin was observed to be in poor condition. Major recommendations include: • For both Rapid Mix Basins, it is recommended that all deteriorated bolts and anchors be removed and replaced with new hardware. All new bolts and anchor should be stainless steel for corrosion resistance. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 85 200-121837-20003 • For both Rapid Mix Basins, it is recommended that the wood baffle and corresponding clip angles and bolts be removed and replaced. All new clip angles, bolts, and anchor bolts should be stainless steel for corrosion resistance. • For both Rapid Mixing Bains, it is recommended that all remnants of the existing paint coating system covering the walls and floor be removed. The walls and floors should be re-painted with a coating system selected by an Engineer and/or coatings specialist. It is recommended that the coating system within the basins be maintained so that the concrete is properly protected against chemical attack. The new protective coating system should be properly selected based on the chemicals that are present within the basins. 5.5.7 Flocculation Tanks Flocculation Tank Influent Channel: The floor grating was not removed to view inside the channel. The concrete is assumed to be in good condition based on the observations made in the rapid mix basins as well as the flocculation tanks. Flocculation Tank 1 (South): The concrete making up this flocculation tank was observed be in good condition at time of assessment. The concrete pier supporting the mixing equipment was also observed to be in good condition. No visible cracks or spalls were identified with the concrete. The protective paint coating on the inside of the tank was observed to be bubbling and peeling away from the concrete surface. Additionally, the aluminum baffle wall located within the tank was observed to be in good condition. No issues with the baffle wall were identified. Flocculation Tank 2 (North): The concrete making up this flocculation tank was observed be in good condition at time of assessment. The concrete pier supporting the mixing equipment was also observed to be in good condition. No visible cracks or spalls were identified with the concrete. The protective paint coating on the inside of the tank was observed to be bubbling and peeling away from the concrete surface. Additionally, the aluminum baffle wall located within the tank was observed to be in good condition. No issues with the baffle wall were identified. Major recommendations include: • For both Flocculation Tanks, it is recommended that all remnants of the existing paint coating system covering the walls and floor be removed. The walls and floors should be re-painted with a coating system selected by an Engineer and/or a coatings specialist. It is recommended that the coating system within the tanks be maintained so that the concrete is properly protected against chemical attack. The new protective coating system should be properly selected based on the chemicals that are present within the tanks. Additionally, the Flocculation Tank Influent Channel should be cleaned and re-painted with a protective coating system. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 86 200-121837-20003 5.5.8 Sedimentation Basins Sedimentation Basin Influent Channel: The floor grating was not removed to view inside the channel. The concrete is assumed to be in good condition based on the observations made in the flocculation tanks as well as sedimentation basin 2. Sedimentation Basin Effluent Boxes: The sludge effluent boxes were observed from the floor level only. The concrete making up the boxes was observed to be in good condition at time of assessment. No visible cracks or spalls were identified. The steel wall bracket supporting the motor operator and floor stand at sedimentation basin 1 was observed to be in poor condition due to corrosion. The anchors mounting the steel wall bracket at both sedimentation basins 1 and 2 were observed to be in poor condition due to corrosion. Sedimentation Basin 1 (South): This sedimentation basin was not entered due to the proper equipment not being on site and allowing safe access into the basin. However, a video recording was provided of the basin following the site visit. The basin concrete was observed to be in good condition. No visible cracks or spalls in the walls or floor were observed. Sedimentation Basin 2 (North): The sludge hopper located at the west end of the basin was not entered. The concrete making up this sedimentation basin was observed to be in good condition at time of observations. No visible cracks or spalls were identified. Additionally, the metal framing supporting the tube settler system was observed to be in good condition. No issues with the support framing was identified. Major recommendations include: • For both Sedimentation Basin Effluent Boxes, it is recommended that that existing steel bracket supporting the motor operator and floor stand be replaced. It is recommended that the new bracket be fabricated of stainless steel material for corrosion resistance. The anchors for mounting the bracket to the wall should also be replaced with new stainless steel anchor bolts. The new bracket and anchor bolts should be designed by a Structural Engineer to support the motor operator and floor stand loads. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 87 200-121837-20003 5.5.9 Filters Filter Influent Channel: The concrete making up the filter influent channel was observed be in good condition at time of assessment. No visible cracks or spalls were identified. Filter 1 (West): This filter was filled with water and filter media at time of observations. Observations were made from the floor level only. The concrete that was visible appeared to be in good condition. (1) crack was observed in the east wall of the filter tank, just below the CMU wall. The crack appeared to have been previously repaired. Filter 2 (Middle): This filter was filled with water and filter media at time of observations. Observations were made from the floor level only. The concrete that was visible appeared to be in good condition. No cracks or spalls were identified. Filter 3 (East): This filter was filled with water and filter media at time of observations. Observations were made from the floor level only. The concrete that was visible appeared to be in good condition. (1) crack was observed in the west wall of the filter tank, just below the CMU wall. The crack appeared to have been previously repaired. Major recommendations include: • Recommend monitoring the crack repairs identified in the concrete walls at Filters 1 and 3 for changes. 5.5.10 Clearwell The clearwell sump area contained approximately 2 feet of water at time of assessment. The concrete making up the clearwell was observed to be in good condition. The concrete divider walls located between the pump suction heads were also observed to be in good condition. Sporadic cracks were observed throughout the clearwell and were primarily identified in the perimeter walls, roof beams, and roof slab. All cracks appeared to be hairline. No concrete spalls were identified in the Clearwell. Additionally, multiple aluminum ladder rungs were observed to be missing near the bottom of the clearwell sump. Multiple threaded rod anchors attaching the fabric baffle walls to the concrete framing were observed to be compromised due to corrosion. Major recommendations include: • Recommend monitoring the cracks observed in the Clearwell walls, roof slab, and roof beams for fluctuations in length or width. If the cracks become severe, a Structural Engineer should be notified so that proper recommendations for repair can be made. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 88 200-121837-20003 • The absence of several aluminum ladder rungs suggest that the rungs have reached or exceeded their service life. It is recommended that the rungs be removed and replaced with an OSHA complaint fixed ladder. The ladder should be fabricated from stainless steel material for corrosion resistance. Additionally, the ladder should be equipped with a telescoping grab bar to assist with safe entry into the Clearwell. • It is recommended that all missing or deteriorate anchor bolts attaching the fabric baffle walls to the concrete framing be replaced with new anchor bolts. All new anchor bolts should be stainless steel for corrosion resistance. 5.5.11 Wastewater Sump The lower sump area contained approximately 1 to 2 feet of water and sediment at the time of assessment. The lower sump area was not entered. The concrete making up the wastewater sump appeared to be in good condition. Sporadic cracks were observed at the bottom face of the roof slab. All cracks in the slab appeared to be hairline. No spalls were identified in the Wastewater Sump. Additionally, a substantial amount of "chemical" build-up was observed at the northwest corner of the sump, just below the top slab. Plant maintenance clarified that lime was originally discharged into the sump at this location and that the process is no longer used. Major recommendations include: • Recommend monitoring the cracks observed in the Wastewater Sump roof slab for fluctuations in length or width. If the cracks become severe, a Structural Engineer should be notified so that proper recommendations for repair can be made. 5.5.12 Vehicle Storage and Generator Building Interior Walls: No cracks were observed in the CMU walls. Water staining was observed along the back/west wall of the vehicle storage building. Paint was also observed to be peeling from this wall, especially where water staining was visible. Additionally, efflorescence was observed on the interior face of the CMU block where paint was peeling away. Similar conditions were also observed at the CMU jambs located between garage doors. In addition to the peeling paint and efflorescence, the mortar joints at the door jamb locations showed signs of deterioration. The water staining, peeling paint, efflorescence, and deteriorated mortar joints all suggest that moisture is seeping through the CMU block wall. Floor: The concrete floor slab was observed to be in good condition at time of assessment. A few minor shrinkage cracks were visible in the slab. No major spalling was identified. Roof Framing: The roof framing was observed to be in good condition at time of assessment. Corrosion was identified along a joist bearing angle, located at the top of the back/west wall, near the northwest corner of the building. The corrosion in this area suggest that water is leaking in from the roof level. Additionally, it should be noted that the interior CMU partition wall separating the original generator room from the garage was removed at some point and the generator room no longer exist. Refer to the architectural for additional details Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 89 200-121837-20003 Major recommendations include: • It is recommended that the roof leakage identified at the back/west wall of the building be investigated and repaired as appropriate to prevent further water infiltration into the building. The corrosion observed on the joist bearing angle at this location should be properly removed and the steel cleaned and re-painted. • The deteriorated mortar joints observed at the garage door jambs should be inspected for soft or loosed mortar. If soft or loose mortar is identified, it is recommended that the joints be repaired via routing and tuck-pointing with fresh mortar. 5.5.13 Vehicle Storage and Generator Building Exterior Overall the building exterior was observed to be in fair condition at time of assessment. Observations were made from the ground surface only. No cracks were observed in the 4" veneer block. Water staining was visible on all wall elevations, suggesting water leakage from the roof level. Efflorescence was also observed in a majority of the veneer mortar joints along the west and south wall elevations. The efflorescence suggest that water is infiltrating the wall and moisture is getting trapped within cavities. The mortar joints were observed to be in poor condition at multiple locations around the building due to deterioration caused by weather exposure. Previous tuck-pointing repairs could be observed on several wall elevations. Additionally, concrete spalling was identified on the foundation wall, at the southwest corner of the building, near ground level. Defer to Architectural for additional details. Major recommendations include: • It is recommended that any water leakage onto the building veneer from the roof level be addressed in efforts to slow deterioration of the veneer mortar joints as well as to prevent further water infiltrating into the building. • All mortar joints in the CMU veneer showing signs of deterioration should be inspected for soft or loose mortar. If soft or loose mortar is identified, it is recommended that the joints be repaired via routing and tuck-pointing with fresh mortar. The mortar joints should also be inspected for holes and tuck-pointed as appropriate. • After the appropriate tuck-pointing repairs have been made to the veneer mortar joints, it is recommended that the CMU veneer be coated with a water repellant system in efforts to prevent moisture intrusion through the building veneer and walls. The water repellant coating system should be selected by an Engineer and/or a coatings specialist. It should be noted that the water repellant coating will need to be maintained over the life of the structure if moisture intrusion is to be controlled. • Recommend repairing the concrete spall identified on the foundation wall at the southwest corner of the building. Concrete spalls should be repaired using a polymer-modified repair mortar. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 90 200-121837-20003 5.5.14 Lagoon Structures Lagoon Inlet Structure: The lagoon inlet structure was filled with water at time of assessment. The existing grating at the top of the structure was not removed to view inside the chambers. Externally the concrete and grating cover appeared to be in good condition at time of observations. No visible cracks or spalls were identified. Lagoon Outlet Structures: The existing grating at the top of the outlet structures was not removed to view inside the chamber. Externally the concrete, grating cover, and guard railing appeared to be in good condition at time of observations. No visible cracks or spalls were identified. Lagoon Bypass Channel: The lagoon bypass channel was filled with water at time of assessment. The existing grating along the top of the structure was not removed to view inside the channel. The concrete and grating cover appeared to be in good condition at time of observations. No visible cracks or spalls we identified. Lagoon Concrete Lining: Visible cracks were observed in the concrete lining around the perimeter of the lagoons. Multiple cracks appeared to have been repaired at some point during the life of the lining. Cracks appeared to have been repaired via routing and sealing with polyurethane sealant. Some sealant was observed to be deteriorated. New cracks appeared to have formed since repairs were last made. Major recommendations include: • Recommend draining both lagoons and routing and sealing all cracks in the concrete lining. Any visible concrete spalls should be repaired at this time as well. Such repairs will help slow the deterioration of the concrete and improve watertightness of the lagoons. Cracks should be sealed using an exterior grade polyurethane sealant. Concrete spalls should be repaired using a polymer-modified repair mortar. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 91 200-121837-20003 5.6 ARCHITECTURAL/WORKPLACE SAFETY 5.6.1 WTP Building Exterior The main roof of the Water Treatment Building was completed in 2020. The lower level roof was completed a few years ago. The main roof has a new white EPDM roof with walking pads. There is some minor patching but in good condition. The 12” CMU split face exterior walls (two wythe) with no air space or insulation are in good condition, although the wall system is not an efficient thermal envelope. This type of wall assembly would not be permitted in Massachusetts under today’s energy code requirements. There are some random water stains along the exterior which might be due to failure in the coping system. Windows are single pane construction and should be replaced in the future to a double pane system to improve the building’s thermal efficiency. Some of the windows have been replaced but remained single pane windows. About 10-20% of the exterior caulking is cracked and broken down. Several windows on the first and second floor are rusted, peeling and have some water infiltration damage. Effective weatherstripping should be evaluated at all door types. Installed hardware functioning does not meet current code requirements but there is not an immediate need to replace the hardware. Recommend as hardware fails, replacement should meet ADA compliance. The exterior radiator and mechanical louvers show visible signs of damage, including peeling paint and discoloration. Exterior sealants are in fair condition. Control joints are functioning properly. Not immediately necessary, but additional lighting should provide exterior illumination of the doors and accessways. On the interior, main entrance hallways, control room and hallways of the second floor have 9” x 9” VCT tile that most likely contain asbestos. The concrete floor treatment of some processing areas are peeling or completely removed in locations. The CMU interior walls on the first and second floor are generally in good condition. The Lab area on the second floor has countertops and cabinets that are in working condition and do not need to be replaced. The countertops are particularly durable and look good, except for the around the sinks. Throughout the building, installed hardware functioning does not meet current code requirements but there is not an immediate need to replace the hardware. The ceiling stains are caused by a leak in the storm water system. The damage to the ceilings in the building should be evaluated and could have been resolved with the new roof installation. The lighting throughout the interior of the Water Treatment Plant facility is in good condition. Major recommendations include: • It is suggested that all the existing windows be re-sealed to maintain their thermal integrity. • Door weatherstripping should be evaluated and replaced. • Evaluate sinks (2) and pipe corrosion of the Lab area. • It should be investigated if the ceiling damage is recent and continual. Demolition and installation of new acoustical ceiling tile. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 92 200-121837-20003 5.6.2 Life Safety In regard to life safety compliance, the Water Treatment Plant, does not have a fire suppression system. Fire extinguishers were visibly noticed at the main entrance, office and pump room areas of the first floor, as well as the Chemical Room and Chlorine Rooms on the second floor. Other process areas should provide a fire extinguisher. Based on code, there should be a fire extinguisher at each egress door of the facility. On the exterior, the second floor entrance into the building on the East elevation has an unleveled asphalt walkway and broken handrail that needs to be addressed. According to ANSI (American National Standards Institute) and the ADA (American disabilities Act) guidelines there are some concerns with accessible route/entrance, parking and signage. The main entrance to the building has a step to the entranceway and does not provide handicap access. A ramp would also need to be provided. Within the vestibule, the length of the space would have to be extended to 7 feet to accommodate the length of a wheelchair and the length of an inward door swing. Exterior grading to the entry should also be evaluated. A handicap parking space is provided and marked with a handicap sign, but the ground is not properly designated as a handicap space according to code. In addition, if the parking lot accommodates 26-50 spaces, two handicap spaces should be provided. The number increases for every 25 spaces. On the interior of the building at the entry, the office transaction window does not have a portion at the ADA maximum required height of 34 inches. Handicap access is not a requirement in the other spaces of the building, other than the main entrance, offices, conference room and restrooms. The Men’s and Women’s restrooms are not handicap accessible. The rooms would need to be reconfigured to accommodate wheelchair access and maneuverability. If the facility undergoes a major renovation, the non-compliant ADA issues will need to be addressed. The main egress doors of the WTP building are equipped with a closer and panic hardware. The door threshold should maintain a ¼” height. Major recommendations include: • Based on code, there should be a fire extinguisher at each egress door of the facility. • The exterior second floor entrance into the building on the East elevation has an unleveled asphalt walkway and broken handrail that needs to be addressed. Railing replacement. • There should be an emergency alarm system at each floor. • Chemical rooms should be investigated to check for eyewash station locations and availability. New eyewash stations should be installed throughout the facility. • Additional lighting should be installed at the vehicle storage and generator room as well as the raw water intake building. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 93 200-121837-20003 5.6.3 Vehicle Storage and Generator Room The interior concrete floor of the Vehicle Storage and Generator Room shows removal of the protective coating in random areas. It should be considered that the floor be re-sealed, but it does not affect the function of the building. The CMU walls have some light peeling but not a major concern. It was mentioned during the site assessment that ventilation in the building is limited. It is recommend that as hardware fails, replacement should meet ADA compliance. Exposed ceiling joists and metal roof show some minor paint peeling caused from heat, moisture or a combination of both. Lighting throughout the interior of the building is untarnished and efficient. The exterior of the building is 12” split face CMU block. There is efflorescence showing on the exterior meaning moisture is present in the wall system. There are no windows or glazing conditions in the building. The louvers on the exterior show slight wear and tear and visible signs of water dripping onto the exterior from the lower portion of the louvers. Sealants around the doors and louvers are in fair condition and should be evaluated for efficiency. Exterior lighting is minimal. Major recommendations include: • The roof coping should be evaluated for intermittent cracks allowing water to access the exterior of the building. • The weatherproofing of the overhead doors should be checked, similar to the main building. ($500.00) • The louvers on the exterior show slight wear and tear and visible signs of water dripping onto the exterior from the lower portion of the louvers. ($1,000.00) 5.6.4 Raw Water Intake Building The Raw Water Intake building was more recently constructed. The concrete floors are in good condition. The CMU walls do not need repair or resurfacing. Door hardware is upgraded, including lever handles. No issues that need to be resolved at this time. The function of this building does not require handicap accessibility. The windows and window sealant are functioning properly. Exposed wood ceiling structure is in good condition. Wood construction can show future effects of heat, moisture or a combination of both. The amount of artificial light is minimal and could be increased. Wood siding has slight cracking damage, but overall in good condition. No water damage. Wood siding does require future maintenance. The roof is in good condition. During the site assessment, it was noted that the roof is new and well documented. The louvers are fairly new and do not show deterioration. Major recommendations include: • There are no major recommendations for the raw water intake building, except for the installation of lighting. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 94 200-121837-20003 5.7 HVAC 5.7.1 WTP Building In general, the majority of the HVAC systems were observed to be in fair to poor condition purely due to the age of the equipment. The existing self- contained units serving the administration space are old and past the anticipated service life and should be upgraded with a system that provides better air distribution to the zones. The hydronic system is operational however is past the service life of the equipment and the distribution system itself is showing signs of failure. Ventilation and dehumidification systems serving the process area are old and past the service life. Air distribution systems including ductwork and registers are showing signs of failure including tears in insulation, rusted supports, and damage, and should be replaced. Major recommendations include: • It is recommended that the HVAC system be replaced in its entirety as soon as possible due to the imminent failure of equipment. This includes all-new air conditioning equipment, ventilation/ dehumidification systems for the process area, restroom ventilation systems, and hydronic systems. For the occupied conditioned spaces, the revised HVAC system should include better air distribution to the zones including upgrading the ventilation airflow to the latest code requirements. 5.7.2 Plumbing The water heater serving the building is 14 years old and is likely approaching the end of its useful life. The water distribution systems, cold and hot, are original and were observed with wear, torn insulation, and rusted supports. It did appear that leaks had developed in the ceiling tiles of the building indicating possible leaks. The water distribution system and generation system should be replaced. Major recommendations include: • All aboveground plumbing systems should be replaced in their entirety due to the age of the equipment. • Fire Protection: No sprinkler system was provided in the building. When alterations are performed, an analysis should be conducted on whether or not a sprinkler system is required. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 95 200-121837-20003 5.7.3 Intake Structure In general, the majority of the HVAC systems were observed to be in fair to poor condition purely due to the age of the equipment. The existing split system serving the electrical equipment is 14 years old and due to the continuous operation of the unit due to heat from electrical gear, these units should be replaced. The exhaust fans and unit heaters serving the space are original and should be replaced as well. Major recommendations include: • It is recommended that the HVAC system be replaced in its entirety over the next 5 years or as-needed based upon equipment failure. This includes new air conditioning equipment for the electrical room as well as ventilation and heating systems for the process area. • Plumbing: No plumbing in this building. • Fire Protection: No sprinkler system in this building. 5.7.4 Vehicle Storage and Generator Room The existing gas-fired unit heater serving the storage area is is past its median service life of 13 years and should be replaced. No ventilation system was provided for the vehicle storage which should be upgraded to meet the latest mechanical codes. Major recommendations include: • It is recommended that an all-new ventilation system be provided following the latest mechanical codes include a ventilation system while the building is occupied and new heating systems. Currently, no ventilation system is provided in this building. When the generator is replaced, it is recommended that a new vent silencer and exhaust piping be provided due to the age of the existing equipment. • Plumbing: No plumbing in this building. • Fire Protection: No sprinkler system in this building. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 96 200-121837-20003 5.8 SITE CIVIL/SECURITY 5.8.1 Site Paving Site paving is in poor condition and well past the expected service life. Significant pavement cracking was evident throughout the facility pavement. Minor potholes were observed, but no wide spread evidence of base or sub-base failure was noted. A condition score of 5 would be assigned but the existing pavement is still operable to the mission of the site. Major recommendations include: • Pavement should be replaced (milled and overlayed) with new pavement structure. Based on the pavement condition of the overall pavement, it does not appear that the base and sub-base will need to be replaced but a geotechnical analysis should be conceded in each access area to verify the depth of the base and stability of the sub- base to determine whether they are acceptable for continued use. The wearing surface of the pavement is well past the normal service life a simple pavement rehab would not provide a significant improvement to the roadway conditions. 5.8.2 Site Security Very minor site security exists at the plant site. One manual gate with a non-functional card reader was noted, but based on information provided and site visit observations, the site is open to the public for parking and dog walking. Fencing for the public source surface water is not consistent or has been bypassed around the pond. The site seems to share the parking at this site with the adjacent walking trail, and dog walkers are normally walking the site near the intake of the facility. Major recommendations include: • A full fence should be constructed around the water facility, with chain-link fencing around the plant and barbed wire (at a minimum should be installed where existing breaches exist). Access control to the site should be limited to operators and approved Town departments. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 97 200-121837-20003 5.8.3 Site Grading The site grading was in good condition. Minor erosion occurs in area where the pavement discharges to the lake and some minor erosion was noted near the inlets. Vegetation and trees have not been maintained at the outfall, in one case a 6” tree blocks the 12” outfall pipe. Major recommendations include: • Site maintenance should be conducted on a yearly basis to correct minor erosion areas and replace or augment riprap areas. Maintenance should also include the removal of woody vegetation at each outfall and re-establish any grass around the discharge points. Some site flumes should be installed in areas where stormwater is concentrated in flow. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 98 200-121837-20003 6.0 CAPITAL IMPROVEMENTS PLAN 6.1 DESCRIPTION OF PROJECTS AND COSTS The recommended improvement projects for the Lily Pond WTP were organized based on the following disciplines: process mechanical, electrical, SCADA/instrumentation, structural, architectural/workplace safety, HVAC, and site civil upgrades and are recommended to occur within a twenty-year planning period. The improvements plan further breaks the projects into 5 year increments, based on the criticality and condition assessment of the assets. An estimate of probable cost was prepared for the recommended capital improvements. The estimate of probable cost (EOPC) was prepared for the recommended capital improvements in five-year intervals over the twenty-year planning period. The cost estimates were prepared in 2021 dollars and represent planning-level estimates developed using cost curves, vendor-based estimates, and local and regional cost estimate and schedules of values for similar type work and experience with analogous systems. Unit costs developed include the cost of labor and materials, demolition, restoration, general requirements, contractor overhead and profit, and any other such costs that are relevant to each specific proposed project. All costs include a factor of 15% of the project cost for preliminary design, engineering, and permitting. In addition, all costs have a 30% contingency factor to account for the level of project definition, variability in the contracting bid market, and other unforeseen costs. For the process mechanical asset recommended improvements, a total of 19 projects were identified which are presented in Table 6-1.Out of the 19 projects identified, 6 are recommended to occur within the next 5 years, with 4 projects recommended within the next two years. The most critical improvements recommended within a 2 year time frame include replacement of rapid mix baffles, replacement of the chain and flight collection system in the sedimentation basin, and repair/refurbishment of filter backwash pump no. 2 and the raw water pump no. 3. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 99 200-121837-20003 Table 6-1. Process Mechanical Recommended Improvements, Timelines, and EOPC Location Project ID Project Description Project Timeline EOPC ($2021) Rapid Mix Basin P-1 Replace rapid mix baffles Within 2 Years $55,000 Sedimentation Basin P-2 Replace Chain & Flight Collection System, Sludge Valves Within 2 Years $839,000 Filters P-3 Refurbish filter backwash pump no. 2 Within 2 Years $50,000 Raw Water P-4 Repair raw water pump no. 3 Within 2 Years $30,000 Wastewater P-5 Refurbish wastewater sludge pumps Within 5 Years $61,000 Plant Piping P-6 Replace filter water piping to clearwell (chemical injection point) Within 5 Years $35,000 Filters P-7 Replace filter valve actuators Years 6-10 $40,000 Wastewater P-8 Replace grinder pumps and discharge piping Years 6-10 $37,000 Sludge Lagoon P-9 Replace sluice gates between lagoons Years 6-10 $38,000 Chemical Feed Systems P-10 • Replace ferric chloride storage tank, transfer pump, and piping • Replace sodium permanganate day tank, bulk storage tank, and piping • Replace ortho/polyphosphate/ mexametaphosphate transfer pump Years 6-10 $115,000 Intake Structure P-11 Replace both sluice gates at inlet, right sluice gate at outlet, and air compressor Years 11-15 $233,000 Raw Water P-12 Replace raw water pump no. 1 Years 11-15 $140,000 Rapid Mix Basin P-13 Replace both rapid mix basin mixers Years 11-15 $161,000 Flocculation P-14 Replace paddle assembly and shaft Years 11-15 $109,000 Filters P-15 Replace filter surface agitator, underdrain system, and launders & weirs Years 11-15 $1,018,000 Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 100 200-121837-20003 Table 6-1. Process Mechanical Recommended Improvements and Timelines (Cont’d) Location Project ID Project Description Project Timeline EOPC ($2021) Finished Water P-16 Replace high service pumps Years 11-15 $361,000 Sludge Lagoon P-17 Replace sludge recirculation pump and polymer system Years 11-15 $165,000(1) Chemical Feed Systems P-18 • Replace ferric chloride feed pump • Replace sodium hydroxide transfer pump, bulk storage tank, and piping • Replace polyaluminum chloride system • Replace sodium permanganate feed pump • Replace polyacrylamide polymer storage and transfer pump • Replace ortho/polyphosphate/mexametaphosphate storage, chemical feed pump, and piping • Replace fluoride storage tank, pump, and piping Years 11-15 $393,000 Chemical Feed Systems P-19 • Replace sodium hydroxide day tank and tank pump • Replace polyacrylamide polymer chemical feed pump and piping Years 16-20 $108,000 Notes: (1) Improvements to the solids handling facilities mentioned in Section 6.2 may eliminate this project. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 101 200-121837-20003 For the electrical and SCADA/instrumentation recommended improvements, a total of 9 projects were identified which are presented in Table 6-2. Out of the 9 projects identified, 6 are recommended to occur within the next 5 years. All electrical and SCADA/instrumentation improvements are recommended to take place within the next 10 years. Table 6-2. Recommended Electrical and SCADA/Instrumentation Improvements, Timelines, and EOPC Location Project ID Project Description Project Timeline EOPC ($2021) WTP Building E-1 Update single line diagram, perform load flow study and arc flash study. Within 5 Years $100,000 Emergency Generator E-2 Replace automatic transfer switch. Within 5 Years $28,000 WTP Building E-3 Replace grounding and receptacles, disconnects/safety switches, pump run relays, and solenoid valve relays. Within 5 Years $80,000 WTP Building E-4 Replace natural gas unit heaters. Within 5 Years $39,000 WTP Building E-5 Perform control system design, replace PLC processor and accessories, replace I/O modules and HMI panel Within 5 Years $357,000 WTP Building E-6 Perform SCADA system design including cybersecurity and install new network devices Within 5 Years $443,000 WTP Building E-7 Redesign electrical room, install new switchgear and new MCC. Years 6-10 $732,000 WTP Building E-8 Install new cable routing and raceways. Replace lighting. Years 6-10 $34,000 WTP Building E-9 Provide new rooftop HVAC unit and aerator fan. Years 6-10 $67,000 Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 102 200-121837-20003 The structural improvements identified are recommended to take place within the next 10 years. A total of 10 projects were identified which are presented in Table 6-3. .Out of the 10 projects identified, 7 are recommended to occur within the next 5 years totaling approximately $133,000. Table 6-3. Recommended Structural Improvements,Timelines, and EOPC Location Project ID Project Description Project Timeline EOPC ($2021) WTP Building S-1 Crack injection and concrete spall repair, window sill replacement, and guardrail connection repair. Within 5 Years $50,000 Raw Water Well S-2 Installation of new stainless steel ladder and safety post in raw water well. Within 5 Years $6,000 Rapid Mix Basin S-3 New structural bolts and chemical/epoxy anchors. Remove existing paint coating and apply new protective coating system. Within 5 Years $16,000 Flocculation Tanks S-4 Apply new protective coating system Within 5 Years $28,000 Sedimentation Basin S-5 Remove and replace existing bracket for motor operator & floor stand Within 5 Years $7,000 Clearwell S-6 Replace existing aluminum ladder Within 5 Years $6,000 Vehicle Storage Building S-7 Repair steel framing and mortar and perform concrete spall repairs. Apply water repellant coating. Within 5 Years $20,000 Water-Tight Retaining Wall S-8 Concrete spall repair of the water-tight retaining wall Year 6-10 $5,000 Clearwell S-9 Repair chemical/epoxy anchors Year 6-10 $7,000 Lagoon Structures S-10 Grout cracks in concrete lining and perform shallow-depth spall repairs Year 6-10 $91,000(1) Notes: (1) Improvements to the solids handling facilities mentioned in Section 6.2 may eliminate this project. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 103 200-121837-20003 The architectural and workplace safety improvements identified are presented in Table 6-4. A total of 11 projects are recommended to occur within a 20 year time frame. Out of the 11 projects identified, 3 are recommended to occur within the next 5 years totaling approximately $303,000. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 104 200-121837-20003 Table 6-4. Recommended Architectural/Workplace Safety Improvements, Timelines, and EOPC Location Project ID Project Description Project Timeline EOPC ($2021) WTP Building A-1 Reseal windows, replace door weatherstripping, install new ceiling tiles, and replace sinks in lab area. Install fire extinguishers, emergency alarm system on each floor, and new eyewash stations. Repair unleveled asphalt walkway on the east elevation. Reseal block exterior. Within 5 Years $236,000 Vehicle Storage and Generator Room A-2 Repair roof coping, weatherstripping of overhead doors, and repair exterior louvers. Within 5 Years $57,000 Raw Water Intake Building A-3 Add LED upgraded interior and exterior lighting Within 5 Years $10,000 WTP Building A-4 Replace roof coping system, windows, exterior radiator and louvers. Repaint flocculation and settling area and refinish floor areas currently peeling. Provide adequate lighting throughout WTP along the path of egress on the 1st and 2nd floors. Year 6-10 $206,000 Vehicle Storage and Generator Room A-5 Reseal all doors and louvers Year 6-10 $3,000 WTP Building A-6 Replace ADA compliant laboratory cabinet system, countertops in laboratory, door hardware, and upgrade lighting Years 11-15 $204,000 Vehicle Storage and Generator Room A-7 Repaint interior walls and upgrade lighting Years 11-15 $23,000 Raw Water Intake Building A-8 Replace exterior louvers Years 11-15 $1,000 WTP Building A-9 Repair and replacement of main and lower roof systems. Reseal doors, windows, and louvers. Repaint building interior. Years 16-20 $325,000 Vehicle Storage and Generator Room A-10 Replace door hardware and root system Year 16-20 $37,000 Raw Water Intake Building A-11 Reseal concrete floors, repaint interior walls, replace door hardware, and repair wood siding Year 16-20 $57,000 Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 105 200-121837-20003 The HVAC improvements identified are recommended to take place within the next 10 years. A total of 4 projects were identified which are presented in Table 6-5. Out of the 4 projects identified, 3 are recommended to occur within the next 5 years totaling approximately $311,000. Table 6-5. Recommended HVAC Improvements, Timelines, and EOPC Location Project ID Project Description Project Timeline EOPC ($2021) WTP Building H-1 • Replace air handling units (3-5 ton) • Replace hydronic boilers, cabinet hydronic heaters, hydronic pumps, and hydronic unit heaters • Replace condensing unit and piping • Replace split system dehumidifier • Replace exhaust fans, concealed and visible • Replace 100 gallon expansion tank • Replace self-contained AC units • Replace HVAC piping and insulation, and perform duct work • Replace water heater and upgrade general plumbing piping • Replace emergency showers Within 5 Years $252,000 Intake Structure H-2 • Replace split system unit (5 ton) • Replace fans and dampers • Replace electric unit heaters Within 5 Years $19,000 Vehicle Storage Building H-3 • Replace gas fired unit heaters • Install new ventilation system Within 5 Years $40,000 Intake Structure/Vehicle Storage Building H-4 General HVAC piping replacement and insulation Years 6-10 $2,000 Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 106 200-121837-20003 The site civil/security recommended improvements identified are presented in Table 6-6. Three site civil projects are recommended to occur within a 15 year time frame. Out of the 3 projects identified, 2 are recommended to occur within the next 5 years totaling approximately $248,000. Table 6-6. Recommended Site Civil/Security Improvements, Timelines, and EOPC Location Project ID Project Description Project Timeline EOPC ($2021) WTP Site C-1 Repave WTP site Within 5 Years $91,000 WTP Site C-2 Install security system with two gates Within 5 Years $157,000 WTP Pond C-3 Install security at ponds with four gates Years 11-15 $239,000 6.2 ADDITIONAL PROJECTS The project identified in this report cover the necessary requirements to systematically replace aging facility components to continue operations. Through the course of this analysis and parallel studies on the Lily Pond WTP additional potential projects have been identified that either improve the efficiency of the WTP or are necessary to meet upcoming regulatory requirements. A summary of each project is provided herein to provide a placeholder in the CIP. • GAC Units - The results of the Town of Cohasset Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) Pilot Study (Tetra Tech 2020) recommended full scale facilities to reduce total trihalomethanes in the summer season when higher total organic carbon and temperatures facilitate their formation. • Sludge Handling Improvements – The current method of sludge handling while adequate has limited dewatering capabilities and as a result disposal costs are high. Specific solutions to improve sludge handling will be investigated in subsequent studies but at this time it is expected that the existing lagoons will be replaced by sludge drying beds. • Wastewater Recovery Improvements – Wastewater generated by filter backwashing is pumped to the sludge lagoons and, along with the sludge supernatant, ultimately discharges to Lily Pond. MassDEP revisions to aluminum criteria (see Section 3.4.3) are expected to require site specific aluminum discharge limits that will become effective in the next NPDES permit cycle (6 to 7 years from 2021). Potential options for addressing aluminum in discharge from the Lily Pond WTP that were discussed are summarized as follows: o Optimization of coagulant dose and usage. o Evaluate the ability to connect to sewer to allow elimination of discharge to Lily Pond. o Investigate groundwater discharge to a future unlined lagoon. o Investigate potential for underground injection control (UIC) or groundwater discharge permit. o Investigate modifying facility to allow for recycle of filter backwash to the head of the plant. • Hypochlorite Improvements – The Town plans to replace the existing gas chlorination system with a liquid hyrpochlorite feed system to improve safety and ease of handling. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 107 200-121837-20003 6.3 CAPITAL IMPROVEMENT PLAN The recommended improvements for the Lily Pond water treatment plant include process mechanical, electrical, instrumentation and control, structural, architectural, HVAC, and site civil upgrades within a twenty-year planning period. The improvements plan provides a timeline recommending which projects to initialize based on the criticality and condition assessment of existing assets. An estimate of probable cost was prepared for the recommended capital improvements in five-year intervals over the twenty-year planning period. The cost estimates, prepared in 2021 dollars for all disciplines, are provided in Table 6-1 through Table 6-6. The opinions of probable costs represent planning-level estimates developed using cost curves, vendor-based estimates, and local and regional cost estimate and schedules of values for similar type work and experience with analogous systems. Therefore, the CIP costs are intended for planning purposes only, as they do not represent design-based engineering estimates. Unit costs developed include the cost of labor and materials, demolition, restoration, general requirements, contractor overhead and profit, and any other such costs that are relevant to each specific proposed project. All costs include a factor of 15% of the project cost for preliminary design, engineering, and permitting. In addition, all costs have a 30% contingency factor to account for the level of project definition, variability in the contracting bid market, and other unforeseen costs. Table 6-7 summarizes the cost of all projects per five-year interval per discipline lumped together to provide a total construction cost estimate that can be used for budgetary purposes. In addition to the project identified in this report to renew and replace facility components as they age, other projects have been identified that either improve the WTP efficiency, or are required to meet anticipated regulatory requirements. Table 6-7. Summary of CIP Projects Within 5 Years Years 6-10 Years 11-15 Years 16-20 Total Process Mechanical $1,070,000 $230,000 $2,666,000 $108,000 $4,074,000 Electrical & SCADA/Instrumentation $1,047,000 $833,000 - - $1,880,000 Structural $133,000 $103,000 - - $236,000 Architectural/Workplace Safety $303,000 $209,000 $228,000 $419,000 $1,159,000 HVAC $311,000 $2,000 - - $313,000 Site Civil/Security $248,000 $239,000 - - $487,000 Total $3,112,000 $1,616,000 $2,894,000 $527,000 $8,149,000 Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 108 200-121837-20003 7.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS Based on the review and analysis summarized herein Tetra Tech offers the following conclusions and recommendations: 1. The Lily Pond WTP is old but in good to average condition. Projected improvements to the facility are based on a condition assessment and, for the mechanical process equipment, a business risk evaluation. Table 7-1 provides a summary of the capital program for the Lily Pond WTP in 2021 dollars. This capital program includes investments for renewal and replacements to maintain facility operation, planned improvements to improve the safety and security of the facility, and expected projects to meet anticipated regulatory requirements. Table 7-1. Summary of CIP Projects Within 5 Years Years 6-10 Years 11-15 Years 16-20 Total Process Mechanical $1,070,000 $230,000 $2,666,000 $108,000 $4,074,000 Electrical & SCADA/Instrumentation $1,047,000 $833,000 - - $1,880,000 Structural $133,000 $103,000 - - $236,000 Architectural/Workplace Safety $303,000 $209,000 $228,000 $419,000 $1,159,000 HVAC $311,000 $2,000 - - $313,000 Site Civil/Security $248,000 $239,000 - - $487,000 Total $3,114,00 $1,616,000 $2,894,000 $527,000 $8,149,000 2. A few projects were identified that were beyond the scope of this study. Placeholders have been entered into the capital program for tracking purposes. Further evaluation is recommended and may substantially alter the conclusions. These projects include: a. The addition of GAC units to aid in trihalomethane control. b. Improvements to the solids handling facilities. c. Improvements to address the projected MassDEP aluminum discharge requirements to Lily Pond. 3. In addition to the capital program it is recommended the Town periodically conduct a condition assessment on a three to five year cycle and update the capital program based on its results. 4. Based on the capacity analysis, the Lilly Pond WTP is limited to a maximum day capacity of 2.83 MGD at the sedimentation basins assuming both basins are operational. The firm capacity of the facility, which assumes one basin is out of service is 1.41 MGD. Additional limitations exist with the detention times in the mixing and flocculation basins that could result in diminished treatment effectiveness. 5. Based on current projections the Town may need to apply for an increase in withdrawals from Lily Pond beyond the current 0.95 MGD in the next few years. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan 109 200-121837-20003 6. Although the system has interconnects with adjacent utility systems for emergency supply, it twas reported by operations staff that there are concerns about the ability of the connections to to provide sufficient back up while maintaining water quality in the system. The possibility of adding additional staorge in the system could be considered to mitigate this concern. 7. In its current mode of operations of eight to 10 hours a day the WTP is experiencing performance issues during peak flow times. It is recommended to extend the operating hours of the facility to reduce flow rate through the plant to meet peak demands. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan A-1 200-121837-20003 APPENDICES Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan A-2 200-121837-20003 APPENDIX A – MASSDEP DRINKING WATER STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES Table A-1. Massachusetts Maximum Contaminant Levels (MMCL) Substance MMCL, mg/L Acrylamide Treatment Technique Alachlor 0.002 Antimony 0.006 Arsenic 0.01 Asbestos 7 million fibers/liter Atrazine 0.003 Barium 2 Benzene 0.005 Benzo(a)pyrene 0.0002 Beryllium 0.004 Bromate 0.01 Cadmium 0.005 Carbofuran 0.04 Carbon tetrachloride 0.005 Chloramines (as Cl2) 4.0 (MRDL) Chlordane 0.002 Chlorine (as Cl2) 4.0 (MRDL) Chlorine dioxide (as ClO2) 0.8 (MRDL) Chlorite 1 Chlorobenzene 0.1 Chromium (total) 0.1 Copper Treatment Technique, 1.3 (Action Level) Cyanide (as free cyanide) 0.2 Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan A-3 200-121837-20003 Substance MMCL, mg/L 2,4-D (2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) 0.07 Dalapon 0.2 1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP) 0.0002 1,2-Dichlorobenzene (o-DCB) 0.6 1,4-Dichlorobenzene (p-DCB) 0.005 1,2-Dichloroethane 0.005 1,1-Dichloroethylene 0.007 cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene 0.07 trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene 0.1 Dichloromethane 0.005 1,2-Dichloropropane 0.005 Di(2-ethylhexyl)-adipate 0.4 Di(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate 0.006 Dinoseb 0.007 Diquat 0.02 Endothall 0.1 Endrin 0.002 Epichlorohydrin Treatment Technique Ethylbenzene 0.7 Ethylene dibromide (EDB) 0.00002 Fluoride 4 Glyphosate 0.7 Haloacetic acids (HAA5) 0.06 Heptachlor 0.0004 Heptachlor epoxide 0.0002 Hexachlorobenzene 0.001 Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan A-4 200-121837-20003 Substance MMCL, mg/L Hexachlorocyclopentadiene 0.05 Lead Treatment Technique, 0.015 (Action Level) Lindane 0.0002 Mercury (inorganic) 0.002 Methoxychlor 0.04 Nitrate (As N) 10 Nitrate/Nitrite (total) 10 Nitrite (As N) 1 Oxamyl (Vydate) 0.2 PCBs (Polychlorinated biphenyls) 0.0005 Pentachlorophenol 0.001 Perchlorate 0.002 Picloram 0.5 Selenium 0.05 Simazine 0.004 Styrene 0.1 2,3,7,8-TCDD (Dioxin) 3 x 10-8 Tetrachloroethylene 0.005 Thallium 0.002 Toluene 1 Total trihalomethanes (for chlorinated supplies only) 0.08 Including: Chloroform N/A [10] Chlorodibromomethane N/A Bromodichloromethane N/A Bromoform N/A Toxaphene 0.003 Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan A-5 200-121837-20003 Substance MMCL, mg/L 2,4,5-TP (Silvex) 0.05 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene 0.07 1,1,1-Trichloroethane 0.2 1,1,2-Trichloroethane 0.005 Trichloroethylene 0.005 Vinyl chloride 0.002 Xylenes (total) 10 Notes: a. MMCL = Massachusetts Maximum Contaminant Level; MRDL = Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level. Table A-2. MassDEP Radionuclides MMCLs Substance MMCL, pCi/L Beta Particle and Photon Radioactivity Concentration which produces an annual dose of 4 millirem/year Gross Alpha Radiation 1 15 Radium 226 and 228 5 Radon-222 2 10,000 (OSRG) Uranium 0.030 mg/L Notes: (1) If gross alpha is equal to or greater than 5 pCi/L, testing for radium 226 and radium 228 is required. If gross alpha is equal to or greater than 15 pCi/L, testing for uranium is required. (2) Exceedance of this guidelines require indoor air sampling for Radon-222. OSRG = MassDEP Office of Research and Standards Guidelines. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan A-6 200-121837-20003 Table A-3. MassDEP Biological MMCLs Substance MMCL Cryptosporidium Treatment Technique E. Coli 310 CMR 22.05 Giardia Lamblia Treatment Technique Heterotrophic Plate Count Treatment Technique Legionella Treatment Technique Turbidity Treatment Technique Viruses (enteric) Treatment Technique Total Coliforms 1 Indicator used in tiered monitoring protocol in the Revised Total Coliform Rule. Fecal Indicator (E. Coli, Enterococci, Coliphae) 2 Indicator used in tiered monitoring protocol in the Ground Water Rule. Notes: (1) For additional information, refer to 310 CMR 22.05. (2) For additional information, refer to 310 CMR 22.26. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan A-7 200-121837-20003 Table A-4. Massachusetts Office of Research and Standards Guidelines (ORSG) Substance ORSG, mg/L Acetone 6.3 Aldicarb 0.003 Aldicarb sulfone 0.002 Aldicarb sulfoxide 0.004 Bromomethane 0.01 Chloroform 0.07 Dichlorodifluoromethane 1.4 1,1-Dichloroethane 0.07 1,3-Dichloropropene 0.0004 1,4-Dioxane 0.0003 Ethylene glycol 14 Manganese General population: 0.3 (lifetime); 1.0 (limit exposure to > 1.0 mg/L to 10 days) Infants < 1 yr old: 0.3 (limit exposure to > 0.3 mg/L to 10 days) Methyl ethyl ketone 4 Methyl isobutyl ketone 0.35 Methyl tertiary butyl ether 0.07 Metolachlor 0.1 Naphthalene 0.14 Nickel [20] 0.1 n-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) 0.00001 Petroleum hydrocarbons: TPH 0.2 Aliphatics: C5-C8 0.3 Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan A-8 200-121837-20003 Substance ORSG, mg/L C9-C12 0.7 C9-C18 0.7 C19-C36 14 Aromatics: C6-C8 Use guidance for individual chemicals C9-C10 0.2 C11-C22 0.2 PFAS1 0.00002 Sodium [24] 20 Tertiary-Amyl Methyl Ether (TAME) 0.09 Tertiary Butyl Alcohol (TBA) 0.12 Tetrahydrofuran [25] 0.6 1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane (FREON 113) 210 Note: • Sum of six PFAS compounds: PFDA, PFOA, PFOS, PFNA, PFHxS and PFHpA. Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan A-9 200-121837-20003 Table A-5. MassDEP Secondary Maximum Contaminant Levels (SMCL) Substance SCML, mg/L Aluminum 0.05 to 0.2 Chloride 250 Color 15 Color Units Copper 1 Corrosivity non-corrosive Fluoride 2 Foaming agents 0.5 Iron 0.3 Manganese [27] 0.05 Methyl tertiary butyl ether [28] 0.020-0.040 Odor 3 threshold odor numbers pH [30] 6.5 - 8.5 Silver 0.1 Sulfate 250 [31] Total dissolved solids (TDS) 500 Zinc 5 Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan A-10 200-121837-20003 APPENDIX B - PRIORITIZATION WORKSHOP 1 COHASSET WATER DEPARTMENT – COHASSET, MA LILY POND WTP 20-YEAR CAPITAL IMPROVEMENT PLAN PRIORITIZATION WORKSHOP – NOVEMBER 12, 2020 1:00 PM A. Attendees via Microsoft Teams a. Jason Federico, Town of Cohasset b. Fred Rogers, Woodard & Curran c. Carl Hillstrom, Woodard & Curran d. Jonathan Loja, Woodard & Curran e. Tetra Tech: Tony Omobono, Andy Woodcock, and Andrea Netcher B. Prioritization Workshop Presentation a. See Attached Presentation Slides b. Review of Assets (See Attached Updated Asset List) i. Architectural 1. The Town recently conducted an in-house safety Audit of the facility and will share with Tt the findings report. ii. Electrical and I&C 1. Town is planning for a SCADA project to increase Cyber security and augment I/O. 2. Asset review will include general recommendations for improving energy efficiency, but would not include an energy efficiency study. iii. HVAC 1. The Town’s facilitator on energy efficiency is scheduled to visit facility. The Town will plan on sharing any results and assessments from the facilitator’s visit. iv. Process 1. Filters a. There is a blower that drives the surface agitators for the filters. The blower is located outside the building and includes a Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan Workshop Meeting Minutes 2 stainless steel piping system to allow the air scour for bed agitation. The stainless steel piping is underneath the media and is not be visible for inspection. b. Filter media was replaced last year. c. The underdrain system (Roberts system style) was inspected and rehabilitated last year. Some of the tiles were replaced. Town has photos taken when the media was replaced. Underdrain system will likely need to be replaced during the next media replacement. d. Filter header piping is currently being re-done. e. Backwash water goes into a wastewater well and then is pumped to the sludge lagoons. 2. There will be limited ability to asses the condition of piping above ground. The assessment is limited to a visual inspection plus input from on-site personnel. 3. Chemical Feed Systems a. Chlorine and hydroxide systems have pre and post feed. b. Hydroxide system includes 2 chemical tanks and 4 feed pumps. c. Fluoride fed by a fluoride saturator system. 4. Rapid mix basins have two rapid mixers, each equipped with a motor. 5. Flocculation mixers also have their own sets of motors for mixing. 6. Chain/flight motors and scrapers to be grouped with Sedimentation Basins. v. Civil/Site 1. Facility is located within a residential community. 2. Site does not currently have controlled access and residents use plant entrance to access pond area for recreation. 3. Asset review will include site access and security considerations. vi. Structural 1. Matt Ulrich (Tt) will set-up call with Carl to coordinate confined space entry. Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan Workshop Meeting Minutes 3 2. Sludge lagoon is used for sludge processing and drying. Two-cell system, where the filter backwash enters the active side, is dosed with polymer, and the supernatant is recycled to the plant. The sludge is then transferred to the other cell of the lagoon for drying. c. Site Review i. For site visit, team will plan for a 30-minute pre-meeting with Tt, Town and Operations. ii. If possible, requesting to have personnel available to ask questions during the walk through. Follow-up interviews can also be set-up to discuss any questions. iii. Structural Inspection Staging: Matt will be present on the first day and then will come back for the next round when the process basins have been switched over. iv. Site Visit Available Dates: December 8, 9, 10 and 11th. The 9th was set as the main inspection day with the 11th for the second day of structural evaluation. v. The basins take about an hour to drain. vi. Jason added filter internal pictures to the Teams site. d. Prioritization Process i. Water quality and compliance review to be completed with the condition assessment. ii. Recommend a 1 to 5 Condition score for simplicity iii. Discussed whether criticality is more important than condition. 1. Criticality can be scored on a higher scale, such as 1 to 10 or as a multiple of the base scale iv. Condition 1. Condition scoring of 1 to 5 and descriptions were agreed to. Condition Scale attached. v. Criticality 1. Major critical component is impact on capacity loss as the Lily Pond WTP supplies 80% of the drinking water to the Town. 2. During summertime, downtime becomes even more critical. Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan Workshop Meeting Minutes 4 3. Peaking factor is typically from 0.5 MGD to 1.5 MGD. 4. Design treatment capacity is 3.0 MGD. Typical treatment capacity is 2.0 MGD due to observed water quality performance. 5. Report will include description of the scoring guides and will include a breakdown of the criteria. 6. Preliminarily selected the following scoring breakdown: a. Capacity Affected: 50% b. Water Quality/System Impact: 25% c. Redundancy: 15% d. Outage Duration: 10% vi. Town will further evaluate criticality and weight scoring and will provide input to Tt. Criticality scale to date is attached. vii. When grouping asset rankings by process area, the assessment will breakout the scoring by each component; therefore, if a component is identified as critical, then the overall the overall process area is flagged. C. Action Items a. Tt to set up call with Carl to discuss confined entry (Scheduled for Friday (11/20) 10 am.) Item Completed. b. Town to send Tt the Safety Audit Report from the in-house audit that was recently completed. c. Town to send Tt information on proposed SCADA project to increase Cyber security and augment I/O. (Tt has received “Remote Access Options” summary). Item Completed. d. Town to provide count or identifiers for filter valve actuators. e. Town to further evaluate criticality and weight scoring and provide input to Tt. D. Attachments a. Prioritization Workshop Presentation Slides b. Asset List (Updated) c. Condition & Criticality Scoring Spreadsheet 11/20/2020 1 Lily Pond WTP 20 Year CIP Prioritization Workshop TETRA TECH Agenda Review of Assets Site Review Discussion Prioritization Process Condition Scale Criticality Factors 2 1 2 11/20/2020 2 Separate Document Review of Assets 3 TT Discipline Leads on-site ‒Process Equipment – Andy Woodcock ‒Electrical – Dave Berger ‒Structural – Matt Ulrich Other Discipline Leads ‒Architectural – Quentin Biagi ‒Mechanical – Michael Sutherland ‒Site/Civil – James Warner Set Dates/Times Site Review 4 3 4 11/20/2020 3 Prioritize renewal and replacement activities using two parameters Likelihood of Failure – Asset Condition ‒What state is the asset in Consequence of Failure – Criticality ‒If the asset fails how does it affect the operations of the facility. Condition X Criticality = Risk Prioritize actions based on addressing the highest risk first. Prioritization Process 5 Subjective approach to evaluating condition and criticality. Develop condition and criticality scales Condition estimated based on condition assessment of identified assets Criticality estimated based on discussions and understanding of systems and processes. Prioritization Process 6 5 6 11/20/2020 4 Criticality Severe Significant Moderate Low to  Moderate Low 54321 ConditionUn‐serviceable 5 Highest  Priority Immediate  Action High Priority  Program  Rehab Priority  Program  Rehab Priority  Program  Rehab Priority  Program  Rehab Renewal Required 4 High Priority  Program  Rehab Priority  Program  Rehab Priority  Program  Rehab Frequent  Condition  Evaluation Frequent  Condition  Evaluation Maintenance  Required 3 Priority  Program  Rehab Frequent  Condition  Evaluation Frequent  Condition  Evaluation Frequent  Condition  Evaluation Regular  Monitoring Minor Defects 2 Frequent  Condition  Evaluation Frequent  Condition  Evaluation Regular  Monitoring Regular  Monitoring Regular  Monitoring Very Good 1 Regular  Monitoring Regular  Monitoring Regular  Monitoring Regular  Monitoring Regular  Monitoring Prioritization Risk Matrix - Example 7 Use condition and criticality scores as numeric values to assess risk. Prioritization Numeric Analysis 8 7 8 11/20/2020 5 Using numerical scores is useful but must remain in context of how the data was collected. Condition and criticality scales are estimates. Multiplying scores can compound the variability Precision does not equal accuracy. Some notes on Prioritization 9 Likelihood of Failure – Condition 10 Condition Assessment Scoring Guide Condition Rating Description 1 New, Very Good Condition: 90 ‐100% remaining service life 2 Good condition, no improvements recommended to maintain function: 60 ‐90%  remaining service life  3 Fair condition, improvements recommended to improve performance or  efficiency: 50% remaining service life 4 Poor condition, improvements recommended to maintain reliability: 20 ‐40%  remaining service life 5 Imminent failure, rehabilitation or replacement required: 0 ‐10% remaining  service life 9 10 11/20/2020 6 Consequence of Failure - Criticality 11 Criticality Scoring Guide Criticality Component Component Weight Raw Score Scoring Guide Capacity Affected 30% 1 ≤ 5.0% Capacity Lost 25.1 ‐10.0% Capacity Lost 3 10.1 ‐20.0% Capacity Lost 4 20.1 ‐30.0% Capacity Lost 5 ≥ 30.1% Capacity Lost Water Quality/System Impact 30% 1 Mild Impact 2Operational Hindrance 4Major Impact 5Mandatory Redundancy 20% 1Full Backup 2 Partial Backup 4Shared, Not Redundant 5 Dependent Outage Duration 20% 1 ≤ 1 Days 22 ‐3 Days 43 ‐4. Days 5 ≥ 5 Days Develop Condition Assessment Scale Develop Criticality Scale ‒Criteria ‒Weighting Factors Exercise 12 11 12 11/20/2020 7 Condition Criteria and Scale 13 Likelihood of Failure (Condition) Weight 1 3 5 7 10 O&M  Protocols 10% Complete, up‐to‐date,  easily accessible and is  being used. Staff skill  level high Complete, written, up‐ to‐date, being used  but not easily  accessible. Staff skill  high to intermediate. Partially developed. Staff  intermediate skill level. Written but outdated and not  used. Staff skill level junior. No written protocols.  Staffing entry level. Performance 20% Sufficient capacity to  meet average and peak  flow requirements.  Appropriate utilization  and function. Under‐utilized or  oversized causing  O&M issues. Sufficient capacity, but does  not meet functional  requirements, or over‐ utilized. Able to meet current average  capacity demand, but not peak Unable to meet current  average capacity needs Physical  Condition 55% Very good. Indicates the  asset is in like new  condition. Continuation  of the current  maintenance and  operating procedures is  indicated. Indicates asset is in  good condition. Some  minor additional  maintenance may be  required along with  the current  maintenance and  operating procedures. Indicates the asset is in fair  condition. These assets have  one or more issues which  require immediate  attention. It is also possible  that the current  maintenance and operating  procedures or intervals may  need to be modified or  adjusted to avoid a  reoccurrence of the  identified issues. Indicates the asset is in poor  condition. Planning for a major  overhaul or replacement should  begin. Review of current  maintenance practices and  procedures is needed. If this is a  critical asset a predictive  maintenance program should be  evaluated to prevent the asset  from reaching this condition in the  future. Indicates the asset is in very  poor condition. Failure of  the asset to provide the  desired level of service is  likely. Greater than 50% of  assets will require  replacement. If this is a  critical asset a  comprehensive  maintenance analysis is  recommended to prevent  the asset from reaching this  condition in the future. Reliability 15% No corrective work  order events within 12  months <2 corrective work  order events within 12  months 2‐5 corrective work order  events within 12 months 6‐8 corrective work order events  within 12 months >8 corrective work order  events within 12 months Criticality Criteria and Scale 14 Consequence of Failure (Criticality) LOS Category Weight 1 4 7 10 Service Delivery 20% No impact Minor impact to process  or out of service less  than 24 hours Major impact to process,  out of service <24 hours,  or no OEM parts available,  but can be manufactured Major impact to  process, out of service  >24 hours, outside  services required, or  parts are not available  and cannot be  reproduced Financial Impact 15% Repair cost <$2,500 Repair cost between  $2,500 and $5,000 Repair cost between  $5,000 and $20,000 Repair cost >$20,000 Safety of Public and Employees 30% No injuries or adverse health effects No lost‐time injuries or  medical attention  required Lost‐time injury or medical  attention required Loss of life or  widespread outbreak of  illness Public Confidence 10% No social or economic impact on the  community. No reactive media  coverage. No complaints Minor disruption (e.g.  traffic, dust noise). No  adverse media  coverage. Some  complaints. Substantial but short‐term  disruption. Adverse media  coverage due to public  impact. Localized media  coverage. Long‐term impact. Area  wide disruption.  Regional media  coverage. Regulatory Compliance 25% No state or local permit violations Possible technical  violation Probable enforcement  action, but fines or  surcharges unlikely Enforcement action with  fines or surcharge. 13 14 Lily Pond WTP Asset List 1 Architectural Water Treatment Plant Building Exterior - Building Envelope • Roofing and roof drainage system • Wall system • Windows frame and glazing • Doors and Hardware • Louvers • Sealants • Lighting Water Treatment Plant Building Interiors - Building Finishes • Floors • Walls • Doors and Hardware • Windows • Ceilings • Lighting Facility/Workplace Safety Life Safety Compliance - per current building code Life Safety Plan Accessibility Egress signage, warning devices, door hardware Lighting Eyewash stations Electrical Main Service Gear Distribution Panels Transformers Grounding MCC Variable Speed Drives Starters Pump Control Panels General Control Panels Fuel alarm and inventory Generator • Generator Silencer • Generator Gas Tank • Generator Battery Chargers • Automatic Transfer Switch Lighting • Exterior Lighting • Interior Lighting • Emergency Lighting Receptacles at code required locations Disconnects at equipment Lily Pond WTP Asset List 2 Electrical Sewage ejector control panel and floats Overhead motorized door operators Fire Alarm System CCTV System Security System SCADA/Instrumentation and Controls System Control Narratives SCADA • SCADA Software and version • SCADA Operator Stations Control Room • SCADA Development Stations • SCADA Server Number of tags used and number of tags available PLC • PLC make and model • PLC software • PLC number and type of I/O cards • PLC communication cards Control panel HMI's makes and models Historian Video Server Network Server Network switches Floats Ultrasonic level sensors Pressure sensor pipe Temperature sensors water Temperature sensors air Limit switches/sensors/location sensors Rain gauge Hydrostatic level sensors Flow Meters Analyzers Chemical pumps Motorized valves Solenoid valves Weir operators Telemetry cabinets Modems Auto dialers Radio modems Uninterruptable power supplies Lily Pond WTP Asset List 3 HVAC Condensing Units/Rooftop Units Air Handling Units & Heating/Ventilating Units Laboratory Fume Hoods/Exhaust Systems Supply/Exhaust Fans Unit Heaters Boilers (2) Exterior Louvers General Piping (Hydronic, Refrigerant, Condensate) Ductwork (Supply, Exhaust, Ventilation) Control Systems Plumbing Equipment Plumbing Fixtures Fire Protection Equipment (Sprinklers, Flow control valves Fuel Systems (Tanks, Piping, etc.) Process Mechanical Intake structure • Coarse barscreen • Sluice gates • Sump pumps • Air compressor Raw water sample pump Raw water Pumps (3) Rapid Mix Basins • Rapid mix baffles • Rapid Mixers & Motors (2) • Chain/flight motors and scrapers • Stop gates Flocculation tanks • Flocculator paddle assemblies and shaft • Flocculator paddle motors • Stop gates Sedimentation Basins • Chain/flight motors and scrapers • Tube settlers • Baffles, troughs, and weirs Filters (3) • Surface agitators • Blower (for surface agitators) • Media (replaced last year) • Filter Backwash Pumps (2) • Filter Valve Actuators (Town to provide count or identifiers for the valve actuators) • Underdrain System (To be reviewed from previous photos taken) Wastewater Sump Pumps (2) Wastewater Grinder E-1 Pumps (2) Lily Pond WTP Asset List 4 Finish Water Pumps (2) Piping and Appurtenances • 24" DI raw water intake • Raw water pump discharge piping and valves • 12” & 14” DI raw water to pretreatment • 14” DI to rapid mix basin • 6” Flocculation basin drain piping Process Mechanical Piping and Appurtenances • 6” and 8” sedimentation basin sludge piping • 10” and 16” supply filter surface agitator supply piping • 12” Filter backwash piping • 16” Filtered water piping to clearwell • 12" Filter Drain pipe • 14” Piping to distribution system Wastewater pumps (2) 16" Wastewater discharge pipe Chemical Feed Systems Chlorine (Pre and Post) • Chlorine storage • Chlorine piping • Chlorine pumps (feed water) • Chlorine rotameters • Chlorine ejectors • Chlorine scales Ferric Chloride • Ferric chloride pumps • Ferric chloride tanks • Ferric chloride piping Sodium Hydroxide (Pre and Post) • Sodium hydroxide pumps (4) • Sodium hydroxide tanks (2) • Sodium hydroxide piping Polyaluminum Chloride • Polyaluminum chloride pumps • Polyaluminum chloride storage • Polyaluminum chloride piping Sodium Permanganate • 250 gallon bulk tank • Day tank • Containment pallet • Sodium permanganate chemical pumps (2) • Sodium permanganate piping Polyacrylamide polymer • Polyacrylamide polymer pumps Lily Pond WTP Asset List 5 • Polyacrylamide polymer storage • Polyacrylamide polymer piping Ortho/poly-phosphate/Hexametaphosphate • Ortho/poly-phosphate/hexametaphosphate pumps • Ortho/poly-phosphate storage • Ortho/poly-phosphate piping Process Mechanical Chemical Feed Systems Fluoride • Fluoride Saturator System / feed pumps • Fluoride piping Site Civil/Security Site Access & Security Drainage Landscaping Paving Mortared Stone Headwalls Watertight Retaining Wall Structural Intake structure Raw water wet well Rapid mix basins Flocculation tank influent channel Flocculation tanks (2) Sedimentation basin influent channel Sedimentation Basins (settling tanks) (2) Filter influent channel Filters (3) Clearwell Wastewater Sump (300 gallon) Water Treatment Plant Building Watertight Retaining Wall Vehicle Storage and Generator Room Lagoon Inlet Structure Lagoon Outlet Structures Condition Rating Description 1 New, Very Good Condition: 90 - 100% remaining service life 2 Good condition, no improvements recommended to maintain function: 60 - 90% remaining service life 3 Fair condition, improvements recommended to improve performace or efficiency: 50% remaining service life 4 Poor condition, improvements recommended to maintain reliability: 20 - 40% remaining service life 5 Imminent failure, rehabilitation or replacement required: 0 - 10% remaining service life Condition Assessment Scoring Guide Criticality Component Component Weight Raw Score Scoring Guide 0.1 0.2 0.3 1 ≤ 5.0% Capacity Lost Capacity 2.3 2.07 1.656 1.1592 2 5.1 - 10.0% Capacity Lost MDD 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 35%ADD 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 4 10.1 - 20.0% Capacity Lost 5 ≥ 20.1% Capacity Lost 1 Mild Impact 25%2 Operational Hindrance 4 Major Impact 5 Mandatory 1 Full Backup 25%2 Partial Backup 4 Shared, Not Redundant 5 Dependent 1 ≤ 1 Days 4 hours 15%2 2 - 3 Days 4 3 - 4. Days 5 ≥ 5 Days >2 days Workshop Notes Outage Duration 10% Criticality Scoring Guide Capacity Affected 50% Water Quality/System Impact 25% Redundancy 15% Town of Cohasset Lily Pond WTP 20-Year Capital Improvement Plan A-11 200-121837-20003 APPENDIX C – CONDITION ASSESSMENT FORMS Facility Name Lily Pond WTP Inspected By Location WTP Building Date 1 2 3 4 5 New, Very Good Condition: 90 - 100% remaining service life Good condition, no improvements recommended to maintain function: 60 - 90% remaining service life Fair condition, improvements recommended to improve performace or efficiency: 50% remaining service life Poor condition, improvements recommended to maintain reliability: 20 - 40% remaining service life Imminent failure, rehabilitation or replacement required: 0 - 10% remaining service life 1 2 4 5 ≤ 5.0% Capacity Lost 5.1 - 10.0% Capacity Lost 10.1 - 20.0% Capacity Lost ≥ 20.1% Capacity Lost Mild Impact Operational Hindrance Major Impact Mandatory Full Backup Partial Backup Shared, Not Redundant Dependent ≤ 1 Days 2 - 3 Days 3 - 4 Days ≥ 5 Days WATER TREATMENT PLANT BUILDING Condition Intake Structure Equipment ID Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Coarse Bar Rack (left facing lake) 1 2 1 2 1 4 Coarse Bar Rack (right facing lake) 2 2 1 2 1 4 Sluice Gate Inlet (left) 1A 2 1 1 1 1 Sluice Gate outlet (left) 1B 2 1 1 1 1 Sluice Gate inlet (right) 2A 2 1 1 1 1 Sluice Gate outlet (right) 2B 3 1 1 1 1 Air Compressor 1 1 1 5 1 Raw Water Equipment ID Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Raw Water Pump 1 RWP1 3 5 5 1 4 Raw Water Pump 2 RWP2 1 5 5 1 4 Raw Water Pump 3 RWP3 5 5 5 1 4 Sample Pump NA NA NA NA NA Rapid Mix Basin Equipment ID Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Rapid Mix Baffles RMB 5 5 2 1 4 Rapid Mixer 1 RMM1 3 5 4 1 4 Rapid Mixer 2 RMM2 3 5 4 1 4 Flocculation Tanks Equipment ID Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Paddle Assembly and Shaft 1 FLF1 3 5 4 5 5 Paddle Assembly and Shaft 2 FLF2 3 5 4 5 5 Flocculator Paddle Drive 1 FLM1 1 5 4 5 4 Flocculator Paddle Drive 2 FLM2 1 5 4 5 4 Sedimentation Basin Equipment ID Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Chain/Flight 1 SDM1 4 5 5 5 5 Chain/Flight 2 SDM2 4 5 5 5 5 Baffles, Troughs and Weirs 1 SDB1 2 4 2 5 5 Outage Duration Process/Mechanical Condition Assessment Inspection Form Andy Woodcock 2/4/21 - 2/5/21 Likelihood of Failure (Condition) Category Physical Condition Consequence of Failure (Criticality) Category Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Separation of the sedimentation basins is difficult. Requires a fiberglass plate manually inserted. Chain and flight mechanism under tube settlers and could not view. In the summer sludge settles on plates and has to be hosed off. Settling issues. Annual greasing of chain and flights. Criticality Both in good condition. Sump pumps in each intake chamber that could not be viewed Structure 15 to 20 years old. Two for each chamber for a total of 4. Stems are greased once a year. Chamber number (to the right facing lake) two recently replaced. Blow off system to clean bar screens. Piping wleded stainless steel good condition. Use system monthly on average. Sluice gate stems in good condition. . Manualy actuated. Newer gate in good condition physically leaking. Raw water sample pump in room is in poor condition no longer used. Great condition, tank in good condition.Compressor is used to blow off material that collects on the bar screen. Stainless steel discharge piping in good conidtion Control panel for sump pumps in air compressor room. The third pump (far left) is not operated, not routinely excercised. Question as to whether it works. Check valves replaced last year on all three pumps. . Middle pump installed two years ago, other pumps were rebuilt 12 years ago. VFDs installed 12 years ago. NAOH and Permangante feed point redirected to inlet of raw water line. Do not feel like there is enough mixing. Room for a fourth pump. Need to install cap on opening to wetwell from abandoned storm drain. Not used anymore. Manual samples. Wood planks. Corroded bolts attached to wall. Poor condition. Baffle in tank 1 not observed. Mixer 2 obseved. Blades in good condition. . Motors and mixers original with plant. Poly aluminum feed drops in mixing basin. Chem feed lines exposed and on floor, safety issue. Conidtion of piping is good. Shaft connection outside of basin corroded and leaking. Polymer added at chamber after mixxing basins. Drain valve stems replaced within the last two years. Greased annually. Openings to sedimentation basins seem small. Surface corrosion on shaft and staning on paddles. Observed only basin 2. Baffles in good condition. Motors and gear box for both units repalced in 2019; may have been some work on chains and paddles in 2012; was slated for work in the old CIP. Facility Name Lily Pond WTP Inspected By Location WTP Building Date Process/Mechanical Condition Assessment Inspection Form Andy Woodcock 2/4/21 - 2/5/21 Baffles, Troughs and Weirs 2 SDB2 2 4 2 5 5 Tube Settler Basin 1 SDT1 1 5 5 5 5 Tube Settler Basin 2 SDT2 1 5 5 5 5 Filters Equipment ID Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Surface Agitators Cell 1 FILS 1 3 1 2 5 2 Surface Agitators Cell 2 FILS 2 3 1 2 5 2 Surface Agitators Cell 3 FILS 3 3 1 2 5 2 Blower (for surface agitators) FILB 2 1 2 5 2 Filter Media FILM 1 5 4 2 5 Filter Underdrain FILU 3 5 5 2 5 Recently inspected and elements replaced last year with the media replacement Filter Backwash Pump 1 BWP1 5 5 5 1 4 Filter Backwash Pump 2 BWP2 2 5 5 1 4 Filter Valve Actuators FLA 3 4 4 4 2 Cell 1 launders and weirs FILC 1 3 1 2 2 2 Cell 2 launders and weirs FILC 1 3 1 2 2 2 Cell 3 launders and weirs FILC 1 3 1 2 2 2 Wastewater/Sludge Pump 1 (left facing pump discharge) WWP1 4 5 5 1 4 Wastewater/Sludge Pump 2 (right facing punp dishcarge) WWP2 4 5 5 1 4 Wastewater Grinder E-1 Pump 1 LSP1 3 1 1 1 2 Wastewater Grinder E-1 Pump 2 LSP2 3 1 1 1 2 Finished Water Equipment ID Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Finished Water Pump 1 FWP 1 3 5 5 1 4 Finished Water Pump 2 FWP2 3 5 5 1 4 Sudge Lagoon Area Equipment ID Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Sludge Recirculation Pump SLP 3 1 2 5 4 Sludge Lagoon 1 (left from gate) SLL1 3 5 2 4 4 Sludge Lagoon 2 (right from gate) SLL2 3 5 2 4 4 Sluice Gates (between lagoons, 3) SLG 4 1 1 5 2 Could not view. Discharge piping (PVC) runs on the ground around lagoon 1 Wood baffles, troughs and weirs all look to be in good condition. Basin 2 was drained. Tube settlers replaced three years ago. Waste tsludge wo ways. Once a month from bottom and daily from a point mid level in sludge blanket. Pedestal valve in fair condition. Troughs lead to a common channel to filters Air scour is not original. Works well no problem with operations. Unable to observe In good shape. Relatively new motor. About 10 years old. Not regularly maintained. Some rust on the discharge piping. Valve exterior in poor condition significant rust on lever. Media replaced last year one pump pulled for maintenance; all original piping and equipment including actuators. Main actuator on discharge may be 20 years old. Total of 12 actuators. Eight actuators replaced less than five years; backwash drainlines have external rust. Launders in good shape; natural staining suface corrosion. Old surface wash is not used. They do have air scour. Cells 1 and 3 have a structural crack that is patched. Cell 3 same condition. Air scour line in good condition. Some corrosion and build up on influent pipe. Scheduled to be pulled for rehab this year for the first time. Light duty run for maybe a half hour a day. Plant drain pumps, for, sludge, spend backwash and plant drains. Pumps to lagoon. Not obsereved. Internal plant lift station pumps. Discharge piping in fiar condition. Third pump jockey pump. Not used any more. Pulled annually and serviced off site. Brand new surge valve on downstream of HSP. Motor number 1 rebuilt 2012 to 2015 timeframe. VFDs repalced aroudn 2016 timeframe. Recieves sludge from WTP. Settles and supernatant to Lily Pond; concrete lined. Could only observe edges. Holds geofabric bag Not used. Facility Name Lily Pond WTP Inspected By Location WTP Building Date Process/Mechanical Condition Assessment Inspection Form Andy Woodcock 2/4/21 - 2/5/21 Polymer System SLP 2 1 2 5 5 Piping and Appurtenances Equipment ID Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration 24" DI Raw Water Intake Line 3 5 5 5 4 Raw Water Pump Discharge Piping and Valves 3 5 5 5 2 6" Rapid Mix and Flocculation Basin Drain Piping 3 1 2 5 5 6" and 8" Sedimentation Basin Sludge Piping 3 5 4 5 5 10" and 16" Supply Filter Surface Agitator Supply Piping 2 1 2 5 2 12" Filter Backwash Piping 3 5 5 5 4 16" Filtered Water Piping to Clearwell 3 5 5 5 5 12" Filter Drain Pipe 3 1 2 5 5 14" Piping to Distribution System 3 5 5 5 4 16" Wastewater Discharge Pipe 3 5 4 5 4 Grinder Station Discharge Pipe 3 1 4 5 2 Condition Chlorine Chemical Feed System Equipment ID Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Chlorine Storage CLS 2 1 4 1 1 Chlorine Piping CLL 2 5 5 5 1 Chlorine Pump 1 CLP1 1 5 5 1 2 Chlorine Pump 2 CLP2 3 5 5 1 2 Chlorine Regulator 1 CLR1 1 5 5 1 2 Chlorine Regulator 2 CLR2 1 5 5 1 2 Chlorine Regulator 3 CLR3 2 5 5 1 2 Chlorine Ejectors CLE 2 5 5 1 2 Chlorine Scales CLSC 2 1 2 1 4 Ferric Chloride Chemical Feed System Equipment ID Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration not observed. In good condition. Under pavement; not observed Discharge valve not used not sure if it works. Not excercised. Minor surface corrosion. No leaks. Newer PVC with manual ball valves. Could not observe Drain piping Could not observe unkown internal condition. Single access point is heaviliy corroded. At chlorine injection point and sample feed lines. Concern of operators. Video GX 40006 minor external rust on pipe flanges Notes Notes Criticality 150 lbs cylinders; three banks of cylinders,two spare cylinders on hand; empty cylinders stored in sperate room. PVC and ball valves. good condition bosoter pumps for finished water cl2 solution. Finished water feed point afeter pumps. One pump new one old; new ambient air sensor. three units; one for raw; one for finished and one backup that can switch between the two; rotameters recently replaced on the raw and finished regulators. ZUZANNA ADD THREE LINES ONE FOR EACH REGULATOR backup can support raw or finished. Raw and finished do not support each other. Some surface corrosion. New in the last five years Facility Name Lily Pond WTP Inspected By Location WTP Building Date Process/Mechanical Condition Assessment Inspection Form Andy Woodcock 2/4/21 - 2/5/21 Ferric Chloride Pumps FCP 2 5 4 1 1 Ferric Chloride Transfer Pump FCTP 3 1 2 5 1 Ferric Chloride Tanks FCT 3 1 2 1 1 Ferric Chloride Piping FCL 3 4 4 5 1 Sodium Hydroxide Chemical Feed System Equipment ID Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Sodium Hydroxide Pumps Tank 1 SHP1 1 5 5 1 1 Sodium Hydroxide Pumps Tank 2 SHP2 1 5 5 1 1 Sodium Hydroxide Transfer Pump SHP3 2 1 4 5 1 Sodium Hydroxide Day Tank 1 SHDT1 1 5 4 1 1 Sodium Hydroxide Day Tank 2 SHDT2 1 5 4 1 1 Sodium Hydroxide Bulk tank SHDT3 2 1 4 5 1 Sodium Hydroxide Piping 2 5 4 5 1 Polyaluminum Chloride Chemical Feed System Equipment ID Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Polyaluminum Chloride Pump 1 PAP1 2 5 5 1 1 Polyaluminum Chloride Pump 2 PAP2 2 5 5 1 1 Polyaluminum Chloride Pump3 PAP3 2 5 5 1 1 Polyaluminum Chloride Transfer Pump PATP 2 1 4 5 1 Polyaluminum Chloride Bulk Tank PABT 2 1 4 4 1 Polyaluminum Chloride Day Tank PADT 2 4 2 4 1 Polyaluminum Chloride Piping PAL 2 5 4 5 1 Sodium Permanganate Chemical Feed System Equipment ID Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Sodium Permanganate Pump 1 SPP1 2 5 5 1 1 Sodium Permanganate Pump 2 SPP2 2 5 5 1 1 Sodium Permanganate Day Tank 75 galloons SPDT 3 5 4 5 1 Sodium Permanganate 250 Gallon Bulk Tank SPBT 3 1 4 5 1 Sodium Permanganate Piping SPL 3 5 4 5 1 Polyacrylamide Polymer Chemical Feed System Equipment ID Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Polyacrylamide Polymer Feed Pumps POP 1 4 4 1 1 Polyacrylamide Polymer Transfer Pump POTP 2 4 4 5 1 Polyacrylamide Polymer Storage POS 2 4 2 5 1 Polyacrylamide Polymer Piping POL 1 4 4 5 1 Bulk tanks (55 gal barrels) on containment pallets. Transfert into 80 gallon day tank manualy. Pallet in poor condition; Recovery tank not on spill pallet. Two. Should be elevated for easy access. Pipe in fair condition.; Improved comtainment is needed. There is an unused containment area that used to be used for lime. Ferric system upgraded 2012 to 2015 timeframe. Delivered concentrated then diluted onsite. Filling of tank controlled by level thorugh SCADA system. Five years old. mostly braided tubing; heavlilty stained Four pumps one for each day tank; new; also transfer pump in good condition; System installed approx. 2016. Replaced the lime system. 1800 bulk; 2, 200 gal day tanks. Day tanks dedicated to different injeciton points raw and finsihed. Recent work on day tanks; pumps, and safety sheild. good condition; welded stainless feed line runs over doorway to get to bulk tank Three total, one for each basin and one as a spare. Good condition. Feed system installed in 2018 6000 gal bulk tank; low clearance from ceiling. There is problem with solids accumulting in the tank. It can get up to 75% full of solids. Routine cleaning is required (annuallly) and they use totes for supply during cleaning. ; transfer pump from bulk to day tank. Have a spare transfer pump may not be same size. bulk tank no known installation date. flushing system built in; copper water pipe has some corrosion. Redundant pump installed. System upgraded in 2021 to 2015 timeframe. Bulk tank only 300 gallons difficult to get deliveries. Currently transfer manually from totes into the bulk tank.In the process of converting to powder potassium permanangante. Messy containment area but fully functional. Transfer pump stored in containment area. Loose pipes, tubes and wiring Three metering pumps; one for each train plus a spare. Spare is not tied into SCADA system but an upgrade is planned. Facility Name Lily Pond WTP Inspected By Location WTP Building Date Process/Mechanical Condition Assessment Inspection Form Andy Woodcock 2/4/21 - 2/5/21 Ortho/poly-phosphate/hexametaphosphate Chemical Feed System Equipment ID Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Ortho/poly-phosphate/hexametaphosphate Feed Pumps (2)ORP 2 5 5 1 1 Ortho/poly-phosphate/hexametaphosphate Transfer Pump OPT 3 5 4 5 1 Ortho/poly-phosphate/hexametaphosphate Storage ORS 2 1 2 1 1 Ortho/poly-phosphate/hexametaphosphate Piping ORL 2 5 4 5 1 Fluoride Chemical Feed System Equipment ID Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Flouride Bulk Tank FLBT 2 1 2 5 1 Fluoride Piping FLL 2 1 2 5 1 Fluoride Pumps (2)FLP 2 1 2 1 1 Two pumps in good condition; mounted high and against the wall. clogging issues after feed pumps. Back presure valves have been disconnected. Piping and pumps installed last year. System new in 2010 for corrosion control; Metering pumps are mounted low. Similar configuration to ferric ssytem; on containment pallets tubing and pvc; Manually add dry sodium flouride to tank and add water; once a month in winter, weekly in summer. Empty and maintain saturator once a year. Dry storage is out on porcess floor but is located on contaimet pallet Overall piping in good condition feed water pipe is copper. Facility Name Lily Pond WTP Inspected By Location WTP Building Date 1 2 3 4 5 New, Very Good Condition: 90 - 100% remaining service life Good condition, no improvements recommended to maintain function: 60 - 90% remaining service life Fair condition, improvements recommended to improve performace or efficiency: 50% remaining service life Poor condition, improvements recommended to maintain reliability: 20 - 40% remaining service life Imminent failure, rehabilitation or replacement required: 0 - 10% remaining service life 1 2 4 5 ≤ 5.0% Capacity Lost 5.1 - 10.0% Capacity Lost 10.1 - 20.0% Capacity Lost ≥ 20.1% Capacity Lost Mild Impact Operational Hindrance Major Impact Mandatory Full Backup Partial Backup Shared, Not Redundant Dependent ≤ 1 Days 2 - 3 Days 3 - 4 Days ≥ 5 Days WATER TREATMENT PLANT BUILDING General Condition Equipment ID # Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Main Service Gear CUTLER-HAMMER, 277/480V, 3PH, 4W, 60HZ, 1600 AMPS, SER.NO. 4PF- 787029, UL Listed Switchboard enclosure No. 676360 2 1 5 4 4 Distribution Panels EATON Lighting and aux power distribution panels at various locations 2 1 2 2 1 Transformers Utility transformer. 13.8/7.87kV - 480Y/277V, 300 kVA 2 2 2 4 2 Grounding All Machinery and equipment 1 1 1 1 1 MCC UNITROL MCC panels from CUTLER- HAMMER 2 1 2 2 2 Variable Speed Drives Raw Water Pumps Allen Bradley PowerFlex 525, 11kW each, 1 1 1 1 1 High LIft Pumps Schneider, ATV660C11T4N2AAWABNG, 460V, 150HP, 211 A 1 1 1 1 1 Notes Sodium Permanganate Pumps Penta Drives 2 1 1 1 1 Notes Starters Backwash pumps Cutler Hammer Disconnects 2 1 1 1 1 Pump Control Panels Sump pump control panel, Allen Bradley MicroLogix 1100 2 2 2 2 1 General Control Panels Relay panels at various locations 3 2 2 4 2 Receptacles at Code Required Locations 2 1 1 1 1 Disconnects at Equipment Disconnects at Sewer pump GE General duty Safety Switch 4 4 4 4 4 Overhead Motorized Door Operators Storage areas in the out building 2 1 1 1 1 Fire Alarm System Fire Alarm control panel, Fire-Lite MS-4 with BOSCH D9068 Communicator 2 2 2 4 2 CCTV System 3 2 2 4 2 Security System 3 2 2 4 2 Generator Condition Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Generator Silencer 2 1 1 4 1 Generator Gas Tank 2 1 1 4 1 Generator Battery Chargers Energenius 1 1 1 1 1 Generator Transfer Switch 4 4 4 4 2 Lighting Condition Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Physical Condition Electrical Condition Assessment Inspection Form Khalid Rahman 3/9/2021 Likelihood of Failure (Condition) Category Notes Consequence of Failure (Criticality) Category Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Criticality Notes: 480V, 3PH Utility power supply to the plant, distributed to various load centers at the MCC in the control room. While the physical condition is not bad in appearance, internal condition could not be verified by opening the covers as the plant was in operation. Notes: Notes: Front access to the transformer is completely blocked by shrubs/plants. Need to keep 12 ft clearance in front and 3 ft on the sides. Back is ok with enough spacing. Notes: Wiring needs improvement. Notes: There is about 3 ft clearance from the MCC vertical sections to the operator station Notes Notes Notes: One of the ethernet ports on N-TRON 104TX switch is bad. AB MicroLogix controller is relaFvely new. Other components are in good shape Notes: VFD Run Relays and Normal solenoid valve relays for High lift pumps in the pump room are very old. Notes Notes: Cover of these pumps are corroded. This results in an unsafe condition. Notes Notes: System maintenance schedule or test record could not be verified. Wiring arrangement needs improvement. Notes: Wiring needs improvement. Test record could not be verified. Cameras on lightposts outside and in the premises are functional. Criticality Notes Notes Notes Notes: Existing Automatic transfer switch is old, and replacement parts are difficult to obtain. A new switch will improve the availability of the plant in case of a power outage. Criticality Facility Name Lily Pond WTP Inspected By Location WTP Building Date Electrical Condition Assessment Inspection Form Khalid Rahman 3/9/2021 Exterior Lighting LED Wallmount on perimeter, parking lot 2 2 2 4 2 Interior Lighting LED Lights in Machinery spaces 2 2 2 4 2 Emergency Lighting Upstairs hallway 2 2 2 4 2 Chemical room 2 2 2 4 2 Staircase 2 2 2 4 2 Filter gallery/Downstairs 2 2 2 4 2 Intake room 2 4 4 4 2 Compressor room 5 2 2 4 2 Exit lights 2 2 2 4 2 Pump Motors Various locations 2 2 2 2 2 Pump Motors/Flocculation room tank area 3 2 2 2 2 Natural gas Space Heaters Various locations 3 4 2 4 2 Air Compressor Atlas Copco GA11, Pmax 131 psi, Qv 55.3 cfm, 15 HP 2 2 2 4 2 PA Speakers Various locations 3 2 2 2 2 HVAC Fan Motors Various locations 3 2 2 2 2 Aerator Fan 3 4 4 4 4 Notes: Tested and found in working condition Notes: Building perimeter lights look worn, but in working condition. Notes: Lighting frames are corroded in a number of places inside the building. Notes: Tested and found in working condition Notes: Tested and found in working condition Notes: Tested and found in working condition Notes: Notes: Could not be tested. In visual inspection appears to be ok. Notes: HVAC Condensers and Fan coverings are corroded at different locations including at the rooftop. Notes: Stainless steel casing for the Fan motor, belt and fan arrangement outside the building opposite the pond. This fan is in bad shape, with rust and dirt settling on the belt and motor cover. Notes: Tested and found in working condition Notes: Doesn't work now. Previously when the batteries were replaced, it started blinking continuously, so it's disabled now. Notes: Tested and found in working condition Notes: Tags indicate regular maintenance work is being done. Notes: Motors in this area corroded, need maintenance work. Notes: Some of the space heaters are in bad shape, fins corroded. Facility Name Lily Pond WTP Inspected By Location WTP Building Date Category 1 2 3 4 5 Physical Condition New, Very Good Condition: 90 - 100% remaining service life Good condition, no improvements recommended to maintain function: 60 - 90% remaining service life Fair condition, improvements recommended to improve performace or efficiency: 50% remaining service life Poor condition, improvements recommended to maintain reliability: 20 - 40% remaining service life Imminent failure, rehabilitation or replacement required: 0 - 10% remaining service life 1 2 4 5 ≤ 5.0% Capacity Lost 5.1 - 10.0% Capacity Lost 10.1 - 20.0% Capacity Lost ≥ 20.1% Capacity Lost Mild Impact Operational Hindrance Major Impact Mandatory Full Backup Partial Backup Shared, Not Redundant Dependent ≤ 1 Days 2 - 3 Days 3 - 4 Days ≥ 5 Days WATER TREATMENT PLANT BUILDING General Condition Equipment ID # Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration System Control Narratives N/A Number of tags used and number of tags available CP-2 UPSTAIRS CONTROL ROOM: SLC 5/05, DI = 48, DO = 48, AI = 56, AO = 64 3 4 4 4 4 Number of tags used and number of tags available Downstairs Pump room CONTROL PANEL: SLC 5/05, DI =64, DO = 32, AI = 40, AO = 16 3 4 4 4 4 Control panel HMI's makes and models N/A Historian GE IFIX v5.9 2 4 4 4 4 Video Server N/A Network Server N/A Network switches CISCO ASA 5006 X in the control room upstairs 2 4 4 4 4 Network switches Catalyst 2950 in the Fire alarm control panel room 2 4 4 4 4 Turbidity sensors 1720E Turbidity Meter with HACH monitor and REAL UVT controls 3 2 2 2 2 Ultrasonic level sensors AMTEK Drexelbrook sensors tanks upstairs 2 1 1 1 1 Pressure sensor FOXBORO Exproof pressure transmitter in the Filter gallery 2 1 1 1 1 Temperature sensors water Thermostats for High water lift pumps, Backwash pumps 3 2 2 2 2 Microprocessor dosing pumps LMI pumps in the chemical room upstairs 2 1 1 1 1 Chlorine system LMI pumps in the chemical room upstairs 2 1 1 1 1 pH Analyzers Rosemount model 54e pH sensors in the pump room 2 1 1 1 1 Polymer feed panel Building at the treatment pond with bag 3 2 2 2 2 Rain gauge 2 2 2 2 2 Hydrostatic level sensors Flow Meters Siemens FM MAG 5000 Flow meter in the Filter Gallery 2 1 1 1 1 Flow Meters KROHNE Optiflux 2010 KC C/D/6 LAS- 2/S Flow meter in the Raw Water line 3 2 2 2 2 Chemical pumps Various pumps in the Chemical room upstairs Motorized valves AUMA Actuators AM 01.1, 120V, 1.5 kW, NEMA 4X/6 2 1 1 1 1 Motorized valves KEYSTONE Actuators in the Filter gallery and pump room 3 2 2 2 2 Solenoid valves Weir operators Auto Dialers Sentinel Sensaphone in the Control panel CP-2 in Control room 3 2 2 2 2 Modems LinkSys 5 port 10/100 in the control room upstairs 2 1 1 1 1 Uninterruptable power supplies APC BACK-UPS 650's in the Fire alarm control panel room 3 2 2 2 2 Uninterruptable power supplies SMART PRO NET UPS in the Fire alarm control panel room 3 2 2 2 2 SCADA Condition Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Criticality SCADA/I&C Condition Assessment Inspection Form Khalid Rahman 3/9/2021 Likelihood of Failure (Condition) Consequence of Failure (Criticality) Category Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Notes Notes: There are Operation and Maintenance manuals available but a specific System Control Narrative document does not exist. Notes Notes Notes: Control panel HMI's not available Notes: Historian seems to be working with essential Trend curves Notes: Does not exist Notes: Currently the SCADA system is connected to an Ethernet modem (Comcast business) which is used for remote login and monitoring Notes: This seems to be working to connect the PLC controllers to SCADA workstation Notes: Notes: Turbidity Meters in the Filter Gallery are in good shape, but one on the Raw water line has an open unsealed cable entry that is susceptible to damage from dust, water etc. Notes Notes: These are more than 20 yrs old, need an upgrade Notes: Thermostats are very old, not sure about temperature accuracy. Notes: Notes: Notes: These are in good shape Notes Notes: Performance could not be verified Notes Notes Notes: Paint damage on the cover of meter Notes Notes: These are in good shape Notes Notes Notes: From operators feedback, this Sensaphone does not give accurate readings for certain I/O's. Alarm settings need to be verified, or replaced. Notes Notes Notes Criticality Facility Name Lily Pond WTP Inspected By Location WTP Building Date SCADA/I&C Condition Assessment Inspection Form Khalid Rahman 3/9/2021 Software and version GE IFIX v5.9 2 1 2 2 2 SCADA Operator Stations Control Room DELL Precision 3630 2 1 1 1 1 SCADA Development Stations DELL Precision 3630 2 1 1 1 1 SCADA Server DELL Precision 3630 2 1 1 1 1 PLC Condition Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Make and model ALLEN BRADLEY SLC500 3 4 4 4 4 Software Ladder logic &/or Structured text N/A 4 4 4 4 Number and type of I/O cards Upstairs CP-2: DI = 3 cards, DO = 3 cards, AI = 5 cards, AO = 8 cards 2 5 4 4 4 Number and type of I/O cards Downstairs: DI =4 cards, DO = 2 cards, AI = 5 cards, AO = 2 cards 2 5 4 4 4 Communication cards No separate communication cards Criticality Notes: GE IFIX v5.9 is now an old version. The most current and up to date version is already 6.5. Newer instruments from various vendors tend to be compatible to the latest version of SCADA software, so it's necessary to upgrade the SCADA software. Notes Notes Notes: Currently the SCADA system is connected to an Ethernet modem which is used for remote login and monitoring. This does not comply with Critical Infrastructure security rquirements. For remote users to login the connection has to be via an encrypted VPN tunnel. The Woodard & Curran ITS team has developed two options for remote access that align with industry best practices for securing a controls network. Notes: These are 20 year old PLC's with very few spare I/O's left much less than typical standard of 20% spares. The WTP has already come up with a Capital improvement plan to upgrade the PLC's. Notes: This software is very old, response time and cycle time higher compared to new softwares, e.g. RSLogix Studio 5000 v 32.xx.xx etc. Notes Notes Notes Facility Name Lily Pond WTP Inspected By Location WTP Building Date 1 2 3 4 5 New, Very Good Condition: 90 - 100% remaining service life Good condition, no improvements recommended to maintain function: 60 - 90% remaining service life Fair condition, improvements recommended to improve performance or efficiency: 50% remaining service life Poor condition, improvements recommended to maintain reliability: 20 - 40% remaining service life Imminent failure, rehabilitation or replacement required: 0 - 10% remaining service life 1 2 4 5 ≤ 5.0% Capacity Lost 5.1 - 10.0% Capacity Lost 10.1 - 20.0% Capacity Lost ≥ 20.1% Capacity Lost Mild Impact Operational Hindrance Major Impact Mandatory Full Backup Partial Backup Shared, Not Redundant Dependent ≤ 1 Days 2 - 3 Days 3 - 4 Days ≥ 5 Days WATER TREATMENT PLANT BUILDING Condition Water Treatment Plant Building Equipment ID Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Building Interior N/A 2 5 5 5 5 Building Exterior N/A 3 1 1 5 1 Water-tight Retaining Wall Equipment ID Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Water-tight Retaining Wall N/A 3 1 1 5 1 Intake Structure Equipment ID Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Building Interior N/A 2 1 2 5 2 Building Exterior N/A 2 1 1 5 1 Intake Chambers N/A 2 5 5 5 5 Bar Screens N/A 2 1 2 2 2 Raw Water Well Equipment ID Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Raw Water Well N/A 2 5 5 5 5 Rapid Mix Basins Equipment ID Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Rapid Mix Basin 1 (south)N/A 3 5 2 1 5 Rapid Mix Basin 2 (north)N/A 3 5 2 1 5 Flocculation Tanks Equipment ID Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Flocculation Tank Influent Channel N/A 2 (Assumed) 5 5 5 5 Flocculation Tank 1 (south)N/A 2 5 2 1 5 Flocculation Tank 2 (north)N/A 2 5 2 1 5 Sedimentation Basins Equipment ID Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Sedimentation Basin Influent Channel N/A 2 (Assumed) 5 5 5 5 Sludge Effluent Boxes N/A 3 5 2 1 5 Outage Duration Structural Condition Assessment Inspection Form Matt Ulrich 2/4/21 - 2/5/21 Likelihood of Failure (Condition) Category Physical Condition Consequence of Failure (Criticality) Category Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Notes: This rapid mix basin was observed from the floor level only. The concrete making up the basin was observed to be in good condition at time of assessment. No visible crack or spalls could be identified. The protective paint coating on the inside of the tank was observed to be bubbling and peeling away from the concrete surface. Multiple bolts for the mixer support structure were observed to be in poor condition due to corrosion. Additionally the baffle structure located with the basin was observed to be in poor condition. Criticality Notes: •Walls: All concrete walls and CMU walls were observed to be in good condition at time of assessment. No cracks were observed in the CMU walls; however some isolated cases of peeling paint was observed on the exterior walls in the tank room. Two crack repairs were observed in the pump room: one crack was located at the southwest corner of flocculation tank 1, while the second was located at the southwest corner of sedimentation tank 1. It appeared that both cracks had been previously repaired using polyurethane grout. The crack repair at the sedimentation basin was observed to be dry at time of observations, while the crack repair at the flocculation tank was observed to be damp. Additionally, a small concrete spall was identified at the north side of the man door located within the storage/garage room. •Floors: Concrete floor slabs were observed to be in good condition at time of assessment. Supporting concrete beams and columns were also observed to be in good condition. Additionally, aluminum grating over trenches was observed to be in good condition. Likewise the guard railing around the tanks in the tank room was observed to be in good condition however it was noticed that some guard railing included a toe plate and some did not. Toe plates were specifically observed around the three filters. The monorail system located within the pump room was also observed. No issues were identified with the monorail beam and hoist. •Roof framing: The precast double tees making up the roof framing were observed to be in good condition at time of assessment. Supporting concrete beams and columns were also observed to be in good condition. Some staining due to water intrusion was observed in the tank room; however it is understood that the roof has been recently replaced and that all active leaks should have been addressed as this time. •Defer to Architectural for additional details Notes: Overall the building exterior was observed to be in fair-to-good condition at time of assessment. Observations were made from the ground surface only. No cracks were observed in the 4" veneer block; however the veneer mortar joints were observed to be in poor condition at multiple locations around the building due to deterioration. Previous tuck-pointing repairs could be observed on several wall elevations. Additionally, multiple precast concrete sills located below windows were observed to be in poor condition due to deterioration. Dark brown staining was observed on the unloading dock slab, as well as a portion of the block veneer, on the west side of the building. It is believed that the discoloration is due to chemicals leaking onto the building and slab during delivery and transfer of the chemicals. Additionally concrete spalls were identified on multiple concrete steps leading up to the unloading dock. Defer to Architectural for additional details. Notes: The water-tight retaining wall is believed to be an underground concrete seepage wall located approximately 85 to 90 feet north of the main water treatment building. It is believed that this concrete wall was installed to act as a barrier between the septic system for the building and the adjacent forest. According to plant maintenance, the septic system is no longer used and the treatment building now utilizes city sewer. The concrete wall is believed to be approximately 100 feet long and protrudes above the ground approximately 1 to 3 feet. The wall was observed to be in good condition at time of assessment. Sporadic cracks and spalls were identified along the length of the wall. All cracks and spalls were observed to be minor. Notes: The interior of the intake building appeared to be in good condition at time of assessment. No cracks were identified in the CMU walls. The wood roof framing could be observed within the intake chamber room only. No signs of water infiltration or discoloring of the wood framing could be identified. Additionally the concrete floor and aluminum coverings all appeared to be in good condition. No visible cracks or spalls were observed in the concrete. Defer to Architectural for additional details. Notes: The exterior of the intake building appeared to be in good condition at time of assessment. No discontinuities or damages in the siding, roofing, or flashing could be observed. Additionally, the concrete wing walls located at the pond side of the structure appeared to be in good condition. No visible cracks or spalls were observed in the concrete. Defer to Architectural for additional details. Notes: The (3) intake chambers were not entered and observations were made from the floor level only. The concrete making up the intake chambers was observed to be in good condition at time of assessment. No visible cracks or spalls could be identified. Additionally the aluminum access hatches and ladder rungs for the east and west intake chambers appeared to be in good condition. Notes: The coarse bar screens located at the pond side of the intake structure were observed to be in good condition at time of assessment. No visible corrosion or any other deteriorations could be identified. Per the as-built drawings for the intake structure, the (2) coarse bar screens are fabricated from aluminum. Notes: The raw water well contained approximately 12" of water in the bottom at the time of assessment. The concrete making up the well was observed to be in good condition. The concrete divider walls located between the pump suction heads were also observed to be in good condition. (1) crack was identified in the roof slab near the access opening. The crack appeared to hairline. Additionally, multiple aluminum ladder rungs were observed to be missing near the bottom of the well. Notes: This rapid mix basin was observed from the floor level only. The concrete making up the basin was observed to be in good condition at time of assessment. No visible crack or spalls could be identified. The protective paint coating on the inside of the tank was observed to be bubbling and peeling away from the concrete surface. Multiple bolts for the mixer support structure were observed to be in poor condition due to corrosion. Additionally the baffle structure located with the basin was observed to be in poor condition. Notes: The floor grating was not removed to view inside the channel. The concrete is assumed to be in good condition based on the observations made in the rapid mix basins as well as the flocculation tanks. Notes: The concrete making up this flocculation tank was observed be in good condition at time of assessment. The concrete pier supporting the mixing equipment was also observed to be in good condition. No visible cracks or spalls were identified with the concrete. The protective paint coating on the inside of the tank was observed to be bubbling and peeling away from the concrete surface. Additionally, the aluminum baffle wall located within the tank was observed to be in good condition. No issues with the baffle wall were identified. Notes: The concrete making up this flocculation tank was observed be in good condition at time of assessment. The concrete pier supporting the mixing equipment was also observed to be in good condition. No visible cracks or spalls were identified with the concrete. The protective paint coating on the inside of the tank was observed to be bubbling and peeling away from the concrete surface. Additionally, the aluminum baffle wall located within the tank was observed to be in good condition. No issues with the baffle wall were identified. Notes: The floor grating was not removed to view inside the channel. The concrete is assumed to be in good condition based on the observations made in the flocculation tanks as well as sedimentation basin 2. Facility Name Lily Pond WTP Inspected By Location WTP Building Date Structural Condition Assessment Inspection Form Matt Ulrich 2/4/21 - 2/5/21 Sedimentation Basin 1 (south)N/A 2 (Assumed) 5 2 1 5 Sedimentation Basin 2 (north)N/A 2 5 2 1 5 Filters Equipment ID Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Filter Influent Channel N/A 2 5 5 5 5 Filter 1 (west)N/A 2 4 2 1 5 Filter 2 (middle)N/A 2 4 2 1 5 Filter 3 (east)N/A 2 4 2 1 5 Clearwell Equipment ID Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Clearwell N/A 2 5 5 5 5 Wastewater Sump Equipment ID Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Wastewater Sump (300 Gallon)N/A 2 1 2 5 2 Vehicle Storage and Generator Room Equipment ID Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Building Interior N/A 3 1 1 5 1 Building Exterior N/A 3 1 1 5 1 Lagoon Structures Equipment ID Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Lagoon Inlet Structure N/A 2 1 2 5 5 Lagoon Outlet Structures N/A 2 1 2 5 5 Lagoon Bypass Channel N/A 2 1 1 5 2 Lagoon Concrete Lining N/A 3 1 2 1 5 Notes: The clearwell sump area contained approximately 2 feet of water at time of assessment. The concrete making up the clearwell was observed to be in good condition. The concrete divider walls located between the pump suction heads were also observed to be in good condition. Sporadic cracks were observed throughout the clearwell and were primarily identified in the perimeter walls, roof beams, and roof slab. All cracks appeared to be hairline. No spalls were identified in the clearwell. Additionally, multiple aluminum ladder rungs were observed to be missing near the bottom of the clearwell sump. Multiple threaded rod anchors attaching the fabric baffle walls to the concrete framing were observed to be compromised due to corrosion. Notes: The sludge effluent boxes were observed from the floor level only. The concrete making up the boxes was observed to be in good condition at time of assessment. No visible cracks or spalls were identified. The steel wall bracket supporting the motor operator and floorstand at sedimentation basin 1 was observed to be in poor condition due to corrosion. The anchor bolts mounting the steel wall brackets at both sedimentation basins 1 and 2 were observed to be in poor condition due to corrosion. Notes: This sedimentation basin was not entered due to proper equipment not being on site and allowing safe access into the basin. It is anticipated that a Contractor will enter the basin a later date to inspect and take photographs. Notes: The sludge hopper located at the west end of the basin was not entered. The concrete making up this sedimentation basin was observed to be in good condition at time of observations. No visible cracks or spalls were identified. Additionally, the metal framing supporting the tube settler system was observed to be in good condition. No issues with the support framing was identified. Notes: The concrete making up the filter influent channel was observed be in good condition at time of assessment. No visible cracks or spalls were identified. Notes: This filter was filled with water and filter media at time of observations. Observations were made from the floor level only. The concrete that was visible appeared to be in good condition. (1) crack was observed in the east wall of the filter tank, just below the CMU wall. The crack appeared to have been previously repaired. Notes: This filter was filled with water and filter media at time of observations. Observations were made from the floor level only. The concrete that was visible appeared to be in good condition. No cracks or spalls were identified. Notes: This filter was filled with water and filter media at time of observations. Observations were made from the floor level only. The concrete that was visible appeared to be in good condition. (1) crack was observed in the west wall of the filter tank, just below the CMU wall. The crack appeared to have been previously repaired. Notes: Visible cracks were observed in the concrete lining around the perimeter of the lagoons. Multiple cracks appeared to have been repaired at some point during the life of the lining. Cracks appeared to have been repaired via routing and sealing with polyurethane sealant. Some sealant was observed to be deteriorated. New cracks appeared to have formed since repairs were last made. Notes: The lower sump area contained approximately 1 to 2 feet of water and sediment at time of assessment. The lower sump area was not entered. The concrete making up the wastewater sump appeared to be in good condition. Sporadic cracks were observed at the bottom face of the roof slab. All cracks in the slab appeared to be hairline. Additionally, a substantial amount of "chemical" build-up was observed at the northwest corner of the sump, just below the top slab. Plant maintenance clarified that lime was originally discharged into the sump at this location and that the process is no longer used. Notes: •Walls: No cracks were observed in the CMU walls. Water staining was observed along the back/west wall of the vehicle storage building. Paint was also observed to be peeling from this wall, especially where water staining was visible. Additionally, efflorescence was observed on the interior face of the CMU block where paint was peeling away. Similar conditions were also observed at the CMU jambs located between garage doors. In addition to the peeling paint and efflorescence, the mortar joints at the door jamb locations showed signs of deterioration. The water staining, peeling paint, efflorescence, and deteriorated mortar joints all suggest that moisture is seeping through the CMU block wall. •Floor: The concrete floor slab was observed to be in good condition at time of assessment. A few minor shrinkage cracks were visible in the slab. No major spalling was identified. •Roof framing: The roof framing was observed to be in good condition at time of assessment. Corrosion was identified along a joist bearing angle, located at the top of the back/west wall, near the northwest corner of the building. The corrosion in this area suggest that water is leaking in from the roof level. It should be noted that the interior CMU partition wall separating the original generator room from the garage was removed at some point and the generator room no longer exist. •Defer to Architectural for additional details Notes: Overall the building exterior was observed to be in fair condition at time of assessment. Observations were made from the ground surface only. No cracks were observed in the 4" veneer block. Water staining was visible on all wall elevations, suggesting water leakage from the roof level. Efflorescence was also observed in a majority of the veneer mortar joints along the west and south wall elevations. The efflorescence suggest that water is infiltrating the wall and moisture is getting trapped within cavities. The mortar joints were observed to be in poor condition at multiple locations around the building due to deterioration. Previous tuck-pointing repairs could be observed on several wall elevations. Additionally, concrete spalling was identified on the foundation wall, at the southwest corner of the building, near ground level. Defer to Architectural for additional details. Notes: The lagoon inlet structure was filled with water at time of assessment. The existing grating at the top of the structure was not removed to view inside the chambers. Externally the concrete and grating cover appeared to be in good condition at time of observations. No visible cracks or spalls were identified. Notes: The existing grating at the top of the outlet structures was not removed to view inside the chamber. Externally the concrete, grating cover, and guard railing appeared to be in good condition at time of observations. No visible cracks or spalls were identified. Notes: The lagoon bypass channel was filled with water at time of assessment. The existing grating along the top of the structure was not removed to view inside the channel. The concrete and grating cover appeared to be in good condition at time of observations. No visible cracks or spalls we identified. Facility Name Lily Pond WTP Inspected By Location WTP Building Date Category 1 2 3 4 5 Physical Condition New, Very Good Condition: 90 - 100% remaining service life Good condition, no improvements recommended to maintain function: 60 - 90% remaining service life Fair condition, improvements recommended to improve performace or efficiency: 50% remaining service life Poor condition, improvements recommended to maintain reliability: 20 - 40% remaining service life Imminent failure, rehabilitation or replacement required: 0 - 10% remaining service life 1 2 4 5 ≤ 5.0% Capacity Lost 5.1 - 10.0% Capacity Lost 10.1 - 20.0% Capacity Lost ≥ 20.1% Capacity Lost Mild Impact Operational Hindrance Major Impact Mandatory Full Backup Partial Backup Shared, Not Redundant Dependent ≤ 1 Days 2 - 3 Days 3 - 4 Days ≥ 5 Days WATER TREATMENT PLANT BUILDING WTP Building Exterior Condition Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Roofing and roof drainage system 1 1 1 1 1 Wall system 2 1 1 1 1 Windows frame and glazing 3 1 1 1 1 Doors and Hardware 3 1 1 1 1 Louvers 3 1 1 1 1 Sealants 3 1 1 1 1 Lighting 2 1 1 1 1 WTP Building Interior Condition Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Floors 3 1 1 1 1 Walls 2 1 1 1 1 Doors and Hardware 2 1 1 1 1 Windows 3 1 1 1 1 Ceilings 3 1 1 1 1 Criticality Architectural Condition Assessment Inspection Form Linda D'Isabella 10-Mar-21 Likelihood of Failure (Condition) Consequence of Failure (Criticality) Category Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Windows are crank open, operable windows in fairly good condition. Several windows on the first and second floor are rusted, peeling and have some water infiltration damage. Some windows were replaced or re-sealed. It is suggested that all of the windows be re-sealed to maintain their thermal integrity. It is not an immediate necessity, but should be considered a short term goal. The main roof of the Water Treatment Building was completed in 2020. The lower level roof was completed a few years ago. The main roof has a new white EPDM roof with walking pads. There is some minor patching but in good condition. Installation of the new roof included the removal and replacement of the insulation (2) roof drains and (2) overflow scuppers which were added per code requirements. From the interior, some roof drains show signs of light corrosion but it is not a major concern. Internal storm drain piping was not replaced but re-connected to the new roof drains. The main roof had a new roof ladder installed per code and safety guardrails on the roof. On the lower roof there was a leak between the wall of the upper roof and the flashing around the windows. New cooper flashing was added between buildings to remedy the water leakage on the interior of the building. Parapet coping is in fairly good condition. In addition to interior drains, there are two downspouts on the North elevation. There is a lot of water stains along the building exterior that suggests that the roof does not have sufficient drainage and could be overflowing along the walls. Overall roofing system is a (1), other areas showing coping failure are noted as a (2). The 12” CMU split face exterior walls (two wythe) with no air space or insulation are in good condition, although the wall system is not an efficient thermal envelope. This type of wall assembly would not be permitted in Massachusetts under today’s energy code requirements. There are some random water stains along the exterior which might be due to failure in the coping system. There is a lack of weep holes at the bottom of the exterior wall to remove moisture within the wall system. Water is running along the exterior wall from the roof scupper, on the North elevation, at the location of a re-directed downspout around a mechanical unit. The scupper should be investigated for possible clogging. It is overflowing onto the exterior wall. This does not need to be resolved immediately, but moisture can lead to mold growth and health hazards. There are no cracks at the existing control joints. The loading dock bumpers are an integral part of the buildings function and need to be replaced. The Permanganate fill area has spill damage and is staining the building. Discolorations does not affect the function but is strictly aesthetic. Windows are single pane construction and should be replaced in the future to a double pane system to improve the building’s thermal efficiency. Some of the windows have been replaced but remained single pane windows. About 10- 20% of the exterior caulking is cracked and broken down. Mostly at the corner conditions. Other occasional issues involve minor rust development, peeling paint and random exterior stone sill damage. These conditions should be corrected in the future and do not affect the overall building function. Future replacements should be thermally broken frames with insulated double pane glazing with an inert gas to improve the energy performance of the building. Exterior door on the East elevation, located on the second floor out of the interior corridor, is missing a rain hood. During heavy rains, water is running down the exterior wall and into the interior of the building through a crack in the weatherstripping. It was mentioned by the client that the water entering the building runs down the corridor stairs. A rain hood, or perhaps a 3 ft. x 4 ft. canopy, would help divert the excess water from entering the building. This should be addressed as a short term goal. Second floor overhead rolling door on the West elevation, is not original. It was replaced from two initial double doors, but the original rusted frame was not removed. The overhead door does not have weatherstripping, and currently allows rodents to enter the building underneath the door. Effective weatherstripping should be evaluated at all door types. Installed hardware functioning does not meet current code requirements but there is not an immediate need to replace the hardware. Recommend as hardware fails, replacement should meet ADA compliance. Exterior radiator and mechanical louvers show signs of damage, including peeling paint and discoloration. However, they are functioning and don’t need immediate replacement. On the South elevation, an original intake louver was replaced with a plywood infill and minimized louver opening. This should be replaced to provide the adequate ventilation that was originally designed for the building. Exterior sealants are in fair condition. Control joints are functioning properly. The status of the exterior window sealants is inconsistent. Most of the windows are original and the sealant is starting to break down in some areas. It is recommended that the windows be evaluated in the short term for improved performance. Small light at entry does not provide adequate illumination for the space. Minimal exterior lighting. Not immediately necessary, but additional lighting should provide exterior illumination of the doors and accessways. Criticality Main entrance hallways, control room and hallways of the second floor, have 9”x 9” VCT tile that most likely contain asbestos components. It is suggested that a Hazardous Materials study be completed to understand the level of hazard. Replacement is not necessary as long as the tile remains undisturbed. Tile in the Record Storage Room on the second floor is scraped and should receive new flooring in the short term. Carpeting in the offices and main rooms of the first floor are stained but not in need of replacement. New carpet or flooring would be for aesthetic reasons only. The concrete floor treatment of most of the processing areas are in good condition. The Treatment Process Area on the second floor has a concrete coating that is peeling and completely removed in some locations. It should be re-coated to increase the protection of the floor from chemicals and other elements. Stairs, ramps and railings on the interior of the building are in good condition. The CMU interior walls on the first and second floor are generally in good condition. Thermostat control issues and high temperatures in the second floor Chlorination and Treatment Process Area have made several painted CMU walls begin to peel. This is especially true on the exterior walls where moisture has developed between the exterior and interior walls. This condition is aesthetic and does not affect the function of the space. Minor holes in the walls of the Treatment Process Area could be patched and are probably due to the relocation of mounted equipment. In terms of interior furniture and equipment, the Break Room on the first floor has a kitchen with a range hood that is not compliant with the current building code. The Lab on the second floor has countertops and cabinets the are in working condition and do not need to be replaced. The countertops are particularly durable and look good, except for the around the sinks. The seams of the counter at the sink areas are breaking down. The counter and sinks look damaged on the surface. It is not a necessity that it should be replaced, but should be considered in the near future. The cabinets have some minor corrosion, but could be resurfaced with new hardware to improve the overall image. Cabinet areas function normally without a need for improvement. There is some corrosion under the secondary sink that should be addressed. The exhaust fan fume hood is new and the glass piping under the sinks are in good condition. When the cabinet systems start to fail, replacements should be installed that are ADA compliant. The Chlorine room is only accessible from the exterior and has one door. The door is a regular doorknob and will be upgraded to panic hardware in a few weeks. The office on the first floor has rust on the door frame and not in need of immediate repair. Installed hardware functioning does not meet current code requirements but there is not an immediate need to replace the hardware. Recommend as hardware fails, replacement should meet ADA compliance. Facility Name Lily Pond WTP Inspected By Location WTP Building Date Architectural Condition Assessment Inspection Form Linda D'Isabella 10-Mar-21 Lighting 1 1 1 1 1 Condition Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Interior 1 1 1 1 1 Condition Exterior 2 1 1 1 1 Condition Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Interior 1 1 1 1 1 Condition Exterior 1 1 1 1 1 •Walls – Wood siding has slight cracking damage, but overall in good condiHon. No water damage. Wood siding does require future maintenance. •Roofing and Drainage System – CDownspouts discharge to underground storm water piping. The client menHoned the roof is new and well documented. •Window Frames and Glazing – No repairs needed to the windows, frames or sealant installaHon. •Door and Hardware - Door hardware is upgraded, including lever handles. No issues that need to be resolved at this Hme. The funcHon of this building does not require handicap accessibility. •Louvers - The louvers are fairly new and do not show deterioraHon. •Sealants – Sealants for the windows and louvers are not showing any signs of failure and water damage. •LighHng – Exterior lighHng is adequate. It is suggested to add lighHng on the North and East elevaHons not facing the pond. There are noticeable water damage stains in the acoustical ceiling tiles on the first and second floors. Process rooms have exposed concrete T beam ceilings. Most of the exposed structure ceilings are in good condition. However, the Treatment Process Area on the second floor has discoloration between the seam of the concrete T-beams that extends the full length, down the center, of the space. In one location, there was an attempt to patch the damage. The client mentioned that the main roof of the Water Treatment building was replaced in 2020 and the lower portion a few years ago. There are a few internal drains and the storm piping runs through the hallways. The ceiling stains are caused by a leak in the storm water system. The damage to the ceilings in the building could have been resolved with the new roof installation. It should be investigated if the ceiling damage is recent and continual. This should be remedied in the near future. Undesirable water infiltration could cause mold and other environmental and health concerns. Minor holes in the exposed ceiling of the Treatment Process Area could be patched and are probably due to the relocation of mounted equipment. The Record Storage Room on the second floor has dripping of tar along the wall. This was caused by the modified bitumen roofing or tar and gravel roof. During a hot day, the tar slid through a fissure between the double T- beam construction and dripped along the interior wall. It is not an issue of concern with the new roof, but can be aesthetically cleaned. During the virtual walk-through, it was noted that the Pump Room on the first floor did not have a fire damper at the duct penetration and should be evaluated. The lighting throughout the interior of the Water Treatment Plant facility is in good condition. Based on observation, the lighting is functioning properly and efficiently. No recourse is required. VEHICLE STORAGE & GENERATOR ROOM Criticality •Floors - Concrete floor shows removal of the protecHve coaHng in random areas. It should be considered that the floor be re-sealed, but it does not affect the funcHon of the building. •Walls - The CMU walls have some light peeling but not a major concern. Temperature controls should be invesHgated. There are two ceiling mounted space heaters. It was menHoned by the client that venHlaHon in the building is limited. •Doors and Hardware - There is one door into the generator room that has panic hardware as required by code. There is also one door into the garage. Recommend as hardware fails, replacement should meet ADA compliance. •Ceiling - Exposed ceiling joists and metal roof show some minor paint peeling caused from heat, moisture or a combinaHon of both. •LighHng - LighHng throughout the interior of the building is untarnished and efficient. Criticality •Walls - The exterior of the building is 12” split face CMU block. There is efflorescence showing on the exterior meaning moisture is present in the wall system. There is also signs of water stains on each elevaHon the begins at the top of the roof and continues along the elevation to ground level. The roof coping should be evaluated for intermittent cracks allowing water to access the exterior of the building. •Roofing and Drainage System - Water is not diverted by guNers, downspouts or scuppers. There are internal drains and storm water piping only. It seems that during heavy rains, the internal drains are ineffecHve and the excess water is going through a failed opening in parapet coping and along the side of the exterior walls. The client noted that the garage roof was replaced 5 years ago. •Window Frames and Glazing - There are no windows or glazing condiHons in the building. •Door and Hardware - Door hardware was discussed under the “Interior” porHon of this evaluaHon. The weatherproofing of the overhead doors should be checked, similar to the main building. •Louvers - The louvers on the exterior show slight wear and tear and visible signs of water dripping onto the exterior from the lower porHon of the louvers. The most water damage to the walls and louvers are located on the west elevaHon. •Sealants – Sealants around the doors and louvers are in fair condiHon and should be evaluated for efficiency. •LighHng - Exterior lighHng is minimal. The East elevaHon, with the overhead doors, do not have any exterior lighHng, including the south elevaHon. There are more lighHng fixtures on the west elevaHon and only one on the north side, but it is not located at the exterior door for egress visibility. Additional lighting should be considered in the short term. WATER INTAKE BUILDING Criticality •Floors – The Raw Water Intake building was more recently constructed. The concrete floors are in good condiHon. •Walls – The CMU walls do not need repair or resurfacing. •Doors and Hardware – Door hardware is upgraded, including lever handles. No issues that need to be resolved at this Hme. The funcHon of this building does not require handicap accessibility. •Window Frames and Glazing – The windows and window sealant are funcHoning properly. •Ceiling – Exposed wood ceiling structure is in good condiHon. Wood construcHon can show future effects of heat, moisture or a combinaHon of both. •LighHng – The amount of arHficial light is minimal and could be increased. Criticality Facility Name Lily Pond WTP Inspected By Location WTP Building Date Category 1 2 3 4 5 Physical Condition New, Very Good Condition: 90 - 100% remaining service life Good condition, no improvements recommended to maintain function: 60 - 90% remaining service life Fair condition, improvements recommended to improve performace or efficiency: 50% remaining service life Poor condition, improvements recommended to maintain reliability: 20 - 40% remaining service life Imminent failure, rehabilitation or replacement required: 0 - 10% remaining service life 1 2 4 5 ≤ 5.0% Capacity Lost 5.1 - 10.0% Capacity Lost 10.1 - 20.0% Capacity Lost ≥ 20.1% Capacity Lost Mild Impact Operational Hindrance Major Impact Mandatory Full Backup Partial Backup Shared, Not Redundant Dependent ≤ 1 Days 2 - 3 Days 3 - 4 Days ≥ 5 Days WATER TREATMENT PLANT BUILDING Condition Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Life Safety Compliance - per current building code 3 1 1 1 1 Life Safety Plan 3 1 1 1 1 Accessibility 5 1 1 1 1 Egress Signage, warning devices, door hardware 2 1 1 1 1 Lighting 1 1 1 1 1 Eyewash Stations 5 1 1 1 1 Category Facility & Safety Condition Assessment Inspection Form Linda D'Isabella 10-Mar-21 Likelihood of Failure (Condition) Consequence of Failure (Criticality) Per OSHA life safety code regulations, there should be an eyewash station for immediate emergency use within the work area for quick flushing of eyes where a person’s eyes may be exposed to corrosive materials. On the first floor, the Pump Room, had expired potable water bottles for the eyewash station. This should be upgraded in the short term to meet the code requirements. On the second floor, the Laboratory Room and Chlorine rooms did not have eye wash stations. The Chemical Feed Area did have an eyewash station that looked up-to-date per standards. The client mentioned it was installed in 2015. Overall, chemical rooms should be investigated to check for eyewash station locations and availability. Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Criticality Current building code for Cohasset, MA is the 2015 IBC. The Water Treatment Plant is approximately 15,100 sf. The Water Treatment building does not have a fire suppression system. Fire extinguishers were visibly noticed at the main entrance, office and pump room areas of the first floor, as well as the Chemical Room and Chlorine Rooms on the second floor. Other process areas should provide a fire extinguisher. Based on code, there should be a fire extinguisher at each egress door of the facility. The maximum distance of travel to a fire extinguisher is 75 ft. The first floor and second floor travel distance from each egress exit is approximately 86 ft. and should have an additional fire extinguisher between the exits. Per NFPA 101, the means of egress must be located no less than half of the diagonal distance of the area being served. The Water Treatment facility meets this criteria. In the Treatment Process Area on the second floor, the stainless steel safety railings for the process tanks are in good condition. Per the IBC code, the exit access travel distance for non-sprinklered, Factory occupancy is 300 ft. The Water Treatment Facility meets this requirement. The exterior second floor entrance into the building on the East elevation has an unleveled asphalt walkway and broken handrail that needs to be addressed. The main concerns that should be evaluated for life safety include adequate eyewash stations in chemical room locations, additional fire extinguisher access, as well as emergency alarm and lighting conditions on each floor. The asphalt grade level should be leveled for safety on the second floor at the entry on the East elevation. The handrail at this location is broken and should be repaired for stability. According to ANSI (American National Standards Institute) and the ADA (American disabilities Act) guidelines there are some concerns with accessible route/entrance, parking and signage. The main entrance to the building has a step to the entranceway and does not provide handicap access. A ramp would need to be provided. Within the vestibule the length of the space would have to be extended to 7 feet to accommodate the length of a wheelchair and the length of an inward door swing. The main egress doors are equipped with a closer and panic hardware. Door threshold should maintain a ¼” height. Exterior grading to the entry needs to be evaluated. A handicap parking space is provided and marked with a handicap sign, but the ground is not properly designated as a handicap space according to code. In addition, if the parking lot accommodates 26-50 spaces, two handicap spaces should be provided. The number increases for every 25 spaces. On the interior of the building at the entry, the office transaction window does not have a portion at the ADA maximum required height of 34 inches. Handicap access is not a requirement in the other spaces of the building, other than the main entrance, offices, conference room and restrooms. The Men’s and Women’s restrooms are not handicap accessible. The rooms would need to be reconfigured to accommodate wheelchair access and maneuverability. If the facility undergoes a major renovation, the non-compliant ADA issues will need to be addressed. For the egress signage, there are lighted exit signs provided at the egress doors. Braille exit signs, were not included in the egress signage per ADA. The first floor hallway had emergency exit lighting but an alarm system was not visible. There was an old alarm bell. The Pump Room has an emergency pull alarm. There should be an emergency alarm system at each floor. For the door hardware, egress doors did have closers as required and panic devices per accessibility and hardware standards. The Chlorine room is only accessible from the exterior and has one door. The door is a regular doorknob and will be upgraded to panic hardware in a few weeks. Recommend as hardware fails, replacement should meet ADA compliance. Lighting throughout the Water Treatment Plant provided adequate lighting along the path of egress on the first and second floors. No upgrades are necessary at this time. Facility Name Lily Pond WTP Inspected By Location WTP Building Date 1 2 3 4 5 New, Very Good Condition: 90 - 100% remaining service life Good condition, no improvements recommended to maintain function: 60 - 90% remaining service life Fair condition, improvements recommended to improve performace or efficiency: 50% remaining service life Poor condition, improvements recommended to maintain reliability: 20 - 40% remaining service life Imminent failure, rehabilitation or replacement required: 0 - 10% remaining service life 1 2 4 5 ≤ 5.0% Capacity Lost 5.1 - 10.0% Capacity Lost 10.1 - 20.0% Capacity Lost ≥ 20.1% Capacity Lost Mild Impact Operational Hindrance Major Impact Mandatory Full Backup Partial Backup Shared, Not Redundant Dependent ≤ 1 Days 2 - 3 Days 3 - 4 Days ≥ 5 Days WATER TREATMENT PLANT BUILDING Condition Water Treatment Plant Building Equipment ID Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Air Handling Units (Lab/Office Second Floor) PSWT-AHUFC-1,2 5 1 1 1 1 Hydronic Boilers PSWT-BLR-1,2 3 1 1 1 1 Cabinet Hydronic Heaters PSWT-CUH-1,2,3 5 1 1 1 1 Condensing Units (Lab/Office Second Floor) PSWT-CUR-1,2 4 1 1 1 1 Split System Dehumidifier PSWT-DHR-1,2 5 1 1 1 1 Exhaust Fans (Visible)PSWT-EF-6,7,8,9,10 4 1 1 1 1 Exhaust Fans (Concealed)PSWT-EF-1,2,3,4,5 4 1 1 1 1 Hydronic Expansion Tank PSWT-ET-1 3 1 1 1 1 Hydronic Pumps (Circulators) PSWT-HWP-1,2 3 1 1 1 1 Hydronic Unit Heaters PSWT-UH-1,2 (6 TOTAL)5 1 1 1 1 Physical Condition HVAC Condition Assessment Inspection Form Michael Sutherland 3/9/2021 Likelihood of Failure (Condition) Category Notes: Units were repalced in 2007-2008 tiimeframe however likely approaching end of serving life in the next 2-4 years. Direct Expansion Models with ventilation air and hydronic heating coils. Refrigerant type unknown but likely outdated and in need of upgrade. Consequence of Failure (Criticality) Category Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Criticality Notes: Unit is original (1974) Direct Expansion Models with ventilation air and hydronic heating coils. Refrigerant type unknown but likely outdated and in need of upgrade. Poor airflow distribution to zone and doesn't meet latest requirements. Total Quantity of Units = 6. System is operational however is nearing the end of its service life. Notes: Boilers were observed to be in fair conditoin and appeared to be operational. No visible dates were listed on the equipment service tags. Notes: From observation units appear to be original. Cabinet Hydronic Heatesr have a median service life of 20 years pushing these units past the usable life. Notes: From observation the dehumidifer inside the pump room and the roof mounted condensing unit are showing signs of wear and beyond the service life of the equipment. Notes: Some fans were original while some had been replaced. In general due to age of facility all will likely past their useful life or nearing the end of useful life. Notes Some fans were original while some had been replaced. In general due to age of facility all will likely past their useful life or nearing the end of useful life. Notes: The expansion tank was in fair condition however due to the age of the equipment the equipment is likely nearing the end of its service life and should be replaced when the hydronic system is replaced. Notes: The hydronic pumps were observed to be in fair to poor condition and had markings that they had been recently rebuilt. The pumps likely have some service life left, however will need replacement within the next few years. Recommend replacing pumps when the boiler plant is revised. Notes: From observation the unit heaters appear to all be original construction. however the median service life of 20 years is surpassed Facility Name Lily Pond WTP Inspected By Location WTP Building Date Category 1 2 3 4 5 Physical Condition New, Very Good Condition: 90 - 100% remaining service life Good condition, no improvements recommended to maintain function: 60 - 90% remaining service life Fair condition, improvements recommended to improve performace or efficiency: 50% remaining service life Poor condition, improvements recommended to maintain reliability: 20 - 40% remaining service life Imminent failure, rehabilitation or replacement required: 0 - 10% remaining service life 1 2 4 5 ≤ 5.0% Capacity Lost 5.1 - 10.0% Capacity Lost 10.1 - 20.0% Capacity Lost ≥ 20.1% Capacity Lost Mild Impact Operational Hindrance Major Impact Mandatory Full Backup Partial Backup Shared, Not Redundant Dependent ≤ 1 Days 2 - 3 Days 3 - 4 Days ≥ 5 Days WATER TREATMENT PLANT BUILDING WTP Building Exterior Condition Physical Condition Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration Access 2 1 1 1 1 Security 5 1 1 1 1 Drainage 3 1 1 1 1 Landscaping 3 1 1 1 1 Mortared Stone Headwalls 2 1 1 1 1 Building Accessibility (ADA)5 1 1 1 1 Watertight Retaining Wall Criticality Civil Condition Assessment Inspection Form James Warner 3/9/2021 Likelihood of Failure (Condition) Consequence of Failure (Criticality) Category Capacity Affected Water Quality/System Impact Redundancy Outage Duration The building Access into the facility will not meet the curent ADA requiements for building access and parking reqirements. One parking space is required, but needs to meet the local and ADA striping and slope criteria. No reasonable site security exists. One manually gate (with card reader stand that was unknow by the operators to it use exists) was noted, but based on information provided and site visit evidence, the site is open to the public for parking and dog walking. Site Minor erosion occurs in area where the pavement discharges to the lake and some minor erosion was noted near the inlets. Vegetation and trees have not been maintained at the outfall, in one case a 6” tree blocks the 12” outfall pipe. Normal landscape maintenance with some fortification of the discharge location is recommended to be complete with the normal maintenance of the landscape and site work. Acceptable condtion, wall is functioning with no anticipated failure. The building Access into the facility will not meet the curent ADA requiements for building access and parking reqirements. One parking space is required,